popper.0
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- popper(8) Maintenance Procedures popper(8)
- NNNNAAAAMMMMEEEE
- popper - pop 3 server
- SSSSYYYYNNNNOOOOPPPPSSSSIIIISSSS
- ////uuuussssrrrr////eeeettttcccc////ppppooooppppppppeeeerrrr [ -d ] [ -s ] [ -t trace-file] [ -T timeout]
- [ -b bulldir]
- DDDDEEEESSSSCCCCRRRRIIIIPPPPTTTTIIIIOOOONNNN
- _P_o_p_p_e_r is an implementation of the Post Office Protocol
- server that runs on a variety of Unix computers to manage
- electronic mail for Macintosh and MS-DOS computers. The
- server was developed at the University of California at
- Berkeley and conforms fully to the specifications in RFC
- 1081 and RFC 1082.
- The ----dddd flag sets the socket to debugging and turns on debug-
- ging. All debugging information is saved using syslog(8).
- The ----tttt ttttrrrraaaacccceeee----ffffiiiilllleeee flag turns on debugging and saves the
- trace information in _t_r_a_c_e-_f_i_l_e using fprintf(3V).
- The ----ssss flag turns on statistics logging using syslog(8). At
- the end of each popper session, the following information is
- logged: username, number of messages deleted, number of
- bytes deleted, number of message left on server, number of
- bytes left on server.
- The ----TTTT ttttiiiimmmmeeeeoooouuuutttt option changes the default compiled value
- POP_TIMEOUT for terminating a session with a pop client.
- When the server is waiting for a command to arrive from the
- client, it times out after the specified number of seconds
- and terminates the session. This avoids having popper
- processes hang forever waiting for command input from
- clients which have terminated abnormally. A small value is
- ok for small to medium nets where the network delay is
- within a few seconds. In this case 15-30 seconds is not
- unreasonable. Networks with large delays in sending packets
- (e.g., SLIP links) may require a larger value. In this case
- 300 seconds (5 minutes) is not unreasonable.
- The ----bbbb bbbbuuuullllllllddddiiiirrrr option turns on the bulletin feature and
- specifies the bulletin directory path.
- BBBBUUUULLLLLLLLEEEETTTTIIIINNNNSSSS
- The bulletin feature gives system administrators a way to
- send important announcements to all POP users without having
- to do mass mailings.
- The bulletin directory contains one file per bulletin. Each
- file contains a single mail message with header and body in
- mailbox format. The first line of each such bulletin must be
- a "From " line. The easiest way for sysadmins to create such
- bulletins is to mail themselves a copy of the bulletin using
- Sun Microsystems Last change: August 1990 1
- popper(8) Maintenance Procedures popper(8)
- the account to which they want replies to be sent, then use
- their mail program to save the message to a file in the bul-
- letin directory in mailbox format. The bulletin directory
- must be world readable.
- The name of each bulletin file begins with the bulletin
- number, and may optionally continue with any other charac-
- ters. E.g., the file name of bulletin number 23 might be
- "23.pophost_down_sunday".
- Popper creates a file named .popbull in the home directory
- of each user. This file contains a single line recording the
- highest numbered bulletin received by the user.
- Each time a POP client connects to the server, any new bul-
- letins which the user has not received previously are
- automatically appended to the user's mail.
- When a bulletin is copied, the "To" header line is replaced
- by "To: username@thishost", and any "Status:" header lines
- are deleted. Otherwise, the bulletin is copied as is.
- When a new user checks for mail the first time, popper
- creates the .popbull file in the user's home directory and
- seeds it with the current maximum bulletin number. Thus new
- users do not get old bulletins.
- TTTTHHHHEEEE PPPPOOOOPPPP TTTTRRRRAAAANNNNSSSSAAAACCCCTTTTIIIIOOOONNNN CCCCYYYYCCCCLLLLEEEE
- The Berkeley POP server is a single program (called popper)
- that is launched by inetd when it gets a service request on
- the POP TCP port. (The official port number specified in
- RFC 1081 for POP version 3 is port 110. However, some POP3
- clients attempt to contact the server at port 109, the POP
- version 2 port. Unless you are running both POP2 and POP3
- servers, you can simply define both ports for use by the
- POP3 server. This is explained in the installation instruc-
- tions later on.) The popper program initializes and veri-
- fies that the peer IP address is registered in the local
- domain, logging a warning message when a connection is made
- to a client whose IP address does not have a canonical name.
- For systems using BSD 4.3 bind, it also checks to see if a
- cannonical name lookup for the client returns the same peer
- IP address, logging a warning message if it does not. The
- the server enters the authorization state, during which the
- client must correctly identify itself by providing a valid
- Unix userid and password on the server's host machine. No
- other exchanges are allowed during this state (other than a
- request to quit.) If authentication fails, a warning mes-
- sage is logged and the session ends. Once the user is iden-
- tified, popper changes its user and group ids to match that
- of the user and enters the transaction state. The server
- makes a temporary copy of the user's maildrop which is used
- Sun Microsystems Last change: August 1990 2
- popper(8) Maintenance Procedures popper(8)
- for all subsequent transactions. These include the bulk of
- POP commands to retrieve mail, delete mail, undelete mail,
- and so forth. When the client quits, the server enters the
- final update state during which the network connection is
- terminated and the user's maildrop is updated with the (pos-
- sibly) modified temporary maildrop.
- LLLLOOOOGGGGGGGGIIIINNNNGGGG
- The POP server uses syslog to keep a record of its activi-
- ties. On systems with BSD 4.3 syslogging, the server logs
- (by default) to the "local0" facility at priority "notice"
- for all messages except debugging which is logged at prior-
- ity "debug". The default log file is
- /usr/spool/mqueue/POPlog. These can be changed, if desired.
- On systems with 4.2 syslogging all messages are logged to
- the local log file, usually /usr/spool/mqueue/syslog.
- DDDDEEEEBBBBUUUUGGGGGGGGIIIINNNNGGGG
- The popper program will log debugging information when the
- -d parameter is specified after its invocation in the
- inetd.conf file. Care should be exercised in using this
- option since it generates considerable output in the syslog
- file. Alternatively, the "-t <file-name>" option will place
- debugging information into file "<file-name>" using fprintf
- instead of syslog.
- For SunOS version 3.5, the popper program is launched by
- inetd from /etc/servers. This file does not allow you to
- specify command line arguments. Therefore, if you want to
- enable debugging, you can specify a shell script in
- /etc/servers to be launched instead of popper and in this
- script call popper with the desired arguments.
- You can confirm that the POP server is running on Unix by
- telneting to port 110 (or 109 if you set it up that way).
- For example:
- %telnet myhost 110
- Trying...
- Connected to myhost.berkeley.edu.
- Escape character is '^]'.
- +OK UCB Pop server (version 1.6) at myhost starting.
- quit
- Connection closed by foreign host.
- EEEEXXXXTTTTEEEENNNNSSSSIIIIOOOONNNNSSSS
- The server implements two extended commands.
- XTND XMIT: Sends a mail message using /usr/lib/sendmail.
- XTND XLIST header [num]: Extracts and returns the specified
- header line for the specified message number. If the "num"
- Sun Microsystems Last change: August 1990 3
- popper(8) Maintenance Procedures popper(8)
- parameter is missing, returns the header line for all the
- messages which are not currently marked for deletion.
- FFFFIIIILLLLEEEESSSS
- /usr/spool/mail mail files
- /etc/inetd.conf pop program invocation
- /etc/syslog.conf logging specifications
- ~/.popbull largest bulletin number seen by user
- SSSSEEEEEEEE AAAALLLLSSSSOOOO
- inetd(8), RFC1081, RFC1082
- AAAAUUUUTTTTHHHHOOOORRRRSSSS
- Bob Campbell, Edward Moy, Austin Shelton, Marshall T Rose,
- and cast of thousands at Rand, UDel, UCI, and elsewhere
- Sun Microsystems Last change: August 1990 4