Windows编程

开发平台：
Visual C++

TILE.CPP：源码内容
							/*==========================================================================
 *  Copyright (C) 1995-1997 Microsoft Corporation. All Rights Reserved.
 *
 *  File:       tile.cpp
 *
 *  This sample takes a empty direct draw primary surface which is created 
 *  in this file and passed to the DAView object for rendering.
 *
 ***************************************************************************/
#define NAME "TILE"
#define TITLE "TILE"
#define WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN
#include <windows.h>
#include <windowsx.h>
#include <ddrawex.h>
#include "dxa.h"
BOOL            gExclusive = FALSE;
BOOL            bPaused = FALSE;
HWND            hWndMain;
DXA				Danim;
IDirectDrawFactory      *lpDDF;
LPDIRECTDRAW            lpDD;           // DirectDraw object
LPDIRECTDRAWSURFACE     lpDDSPrimary;   // DirectDraw primary surface
LPDIRECTDRAWSURFACE     lpDDSDA;        // Offscreen surface for DA
LPDIRECTDRAWCLIPPER     lpClipper;      // Clipper for the primary surface
BOOL                    bActive;        // is application active?
RECT                    windowRect;     // windows' client rectangle
/*
 * releaseSurfaces
 *
 * Release the global surfaces and clipper.
 */
void releaseSurfaces( void )
{
    if( lpDDSPrimary != NULL )
    {
        lpDDSPrimary->Release();
        lpDDSPrimary = NULL;
    }
    if( lpDDSDA != NULL )
    {
        lpDDSDA->Release();
        lpDDSDA = NULL;
    }
    if( lpClipper != NULL )
    {
        lpClipper->Release();
        lpClipper = NULL;
    }
} 
/*
 * finiObjects
 *
 * Finish with all objects we use; release them
 */
static void finiObjects( void )
{
    if( lpDD != NULL )
    {
        releaseSurfaces();
        lpDD->Release();
        lpDD = NULL;
    }
    // Clean up the screen on exit
    RedrawWindow( NULL, NULL, NULL, RDW_INVALIDATE | RDW_ERASE |
                     RDW_ALLCHILDREN );
} /* finiObjects */
/*
 * initFail
 *
 * This function is called if the initialization function fails
 */
BOOL initFail( HWND hWnd, LPCTSTR msg )
{
    finiObjects();
    MessageBox( hWnd, msg, TITLE, MB_OK );
    DestroyWindow( hWnd );
    return FALSE;
} /* initFail */
/*
 * createSurfaces
 *
 * Create the front and back buffers.
 */
BOOL createSurfaces( void )
{
    HRESULT             ddrval;
    DDSURFACEDESC       ddsd;
    
    // Create the primary surface
    ddsd.dwSize = sizeof( ddsd );
    ddsd.dwFlags = DDSD_CAPS;
    ddsd.ddsCaps.dwCaps = DDSCAPS_PRIMARYSURFACE;
    ddrval = lpDD->CreateSurface( &ddsd, &lpDDSPrimary, NULL );
    if( ddrval != DD_OK )
        return false;
    if(!gExclusive)
    {
        //
        // now create a DirectDrawClipper object.
        //
        ddrval = lpDD->CreateClipper(0, &lpClipper, NULL);
        if( ddrval == DD_OK )
        {
            ddrval = lpClipper->SetHWnd(0, hWndMain);
            if( ddrval == DD_OK )
            {
                ddrval = lpDDSPrimary->SetClipper(lpClipper);
            }
        }
        if( ddrval != DD_OK )
            return false;
    }
    //
    // Create a DirectDrawSurface to hand to Direct Animation.
    //
    ddsd.dwFlags = DDSD_CAPS | DDSD_HEIGHT |DDSD_WIDTH;
    ddsd.ddsCaps.dwCaps = DDSCAPS_OFFSCREENPLAIN;
    ddsd.dwWidth = WINDOW_WIDTH;
    ddsd.dwHeight = WINDOW_HEIGHT;
    ddrval = lpDD->CreateSurface(&ddsd, &lpDDSDA, NULL);
    if (ddrval != DD_OK)
        return false;
    return true;
} /* createSurfaces */
/*
 * recreateSurfaces
 *
 * The screen resolution or bitdepth has changed, re-create
 * all surfaces.
 */
BOOL recreateSurfaces( void )
{
    releaseSurfaces();
    if (createSurfaces())
    {
        return Danim.resetDXASurfaces(lpDDSDA);
    }
    return false;
} /* recreateSurfaces */
/*
 * restoreAll
 *
 * Restore all lost objects
 */
BOOL restoreAll( void )
{
    HRESULT     ddrval;
    ddrval = lpDDSPrimary->Restore();
    if (ddrval == DDERR_WRONGMODE)
    {
        if (recreateSurfaces())
            return true;
    }
    else if (ddrval == DD_OK)
    {
        ddrval = lpDDSDA->Restore();
    }
    return initFail(hWndMain, "DirectDraw: Can't Recreate Surfaces");
} /* restoreAll */
/*
 * updateFrame
 * 
 * Decide what needs to be blitted next, wait for flip to complete,
 * then flip the buffers.
 */
void updateFrame( void )
{
    static DWORD        lastTickCount = 0;
    static int          currentFrame = 0;
    static BOOL         haveBackground = FALSE;
    DWORD               thisTickCount;
    DWORD               delay = 17;
    HRESULT             ddrval;
    thisTickCount = GetTickCount();
    if((thisTickCount - lastTickCount) <= delay)
    {
        return;
    }
    thisTickCount = GetTickCount();
    if((thisTickCount - lastTickCount) > delay)
    {
        // Move to next frame;
        lastTickCount = thisTickCount;
        currentFrame++;
        if(currentFrame > 59)
        {
            currentFrame = 0;
        }
    }
    // DA doesn't like lost surface.  We should restore lost surface
    // before asking DA to render.
    if (lpDDSDA && lpDDSDA->IsLost() == DDERR_SURFACELOST)
    {
        // This function will destroy the window if failed.        
        if (!restoreAll())
            return;
    }
    // Ask DA to render to the DA surface the next image/sound for _view.
    Danim.tick();
    // Blit from the DA surface to the screen.
    RECT daRect;
    daRect.left = 0;
    daRect.top = 0;
    daRect.right = WINDOW_WIDTH;
    daRect.bottom = WINDOW_HEIGHT;
    RECT screenRect;
    screenRect.left = windowRect.left;
    screenRect.top = windowRect.top;
    screenRect.right = windowRect.left + WINDOW_WIDTH;
    screenRect.bottom = windowRect.top + WINDOW_HEIGHT;
        
    while( 1 )
    {
        ddrval = lpDDSPrimary->Blt(&screenRect, lpDDSDA,
                                   &daRect, DDBLT_WAIT, NULL);
        if( ddrval == DD_OK )
        {
            break;
        }
        if( ddrval == DDERR_SURFACELOST )
        {
            ddrval = restoreAll();
            if( ddrval != DD_OK )
            {
                return;
            }
        }
        if( ddrval != DDERR_WASSTILLDRAWING )
        {
            return;
        }
    }
} /* updateFrame */
long FAR PASCAL WindowProc( HWND hWnd, UINT message, 
                            WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam )
{
    switch( message )
    {
    case WM_SIZE:
    case WM_MOVE:
        if (IsIconic(hWnd))
        {
            bPaused = true;
        }
        if (!gExclusive) 
        {
            GetClientRect(hWnd, &windowRect);
            ClientToScreen(hWnd, (LPPOINT)&windowRect);
            ClientToScreen(hWnd, (LPPOINT)&windowRect+1);
        } else {
            SetRect(&windowRect, 0, 0, WINDOW_WIDTH, WINDOW_HEIGHT);
        }
        break;
    case WM_ACTIVATEAPP:
        bActive = wParam && GetForegroundWindow() == hWnd;
        // Unpause when we're no longer iconic.
        if (bPaused && bActive)
        {
            bPaused = false;
        }
        break;
    case WM_SETCURSOR:
        if (gExclusive && bActive)
        {
            SetCursor(NULL);
            return TRUE;
        }
        break;
        
    case WM_CREATE:
        break;
    case WM_KEYDOWN:
        switch( wParam )
        {
        case VK_ESCAPE:
        case VK_F12:
            PostMessage(hWnd,WM_CLOSE,0,0);
            break;
        }
        break;
    case WM_DESTROY:
        finiObjects();
        PostQuitMessage( 0 );
        break;
    }
    return DefWindowProc(hWnd, message, wParam, lParam);
} /* WindowProc */
/*
 * doInit - do work required for every instance of the application:
 *                create the window, initialize data
 */
static BOOL doInit( HINSTANCE hInstance, int nCmdShow )
{
    WNDCLASS            wc;
    HRESULT             ddrval;
    /*
     * set up and register window class
     */
    wc.style = CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW;
    wc.lpfnWndProc = WindowProc;
    wc.cbClsExtra = 0;
    wc.cbWndExtra = 0;
    wc.hInstance = hInstance;
    wc.hIcon = LoadIcon( hInstance, IDI_APPLICATION );
    wc.hCursor = LoadCursor( NULL, IDC_ARROW );
    wc.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH)GetStockObject(BLACK_BRUSH);
    wc.lpszMenuName = NAME;
    wc.lpszClassName = NAME;
    RegisterClass( &wc );
    
    /*
     * create a window
     */
    DWORD wndStyle = WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW;
    if( gExclusive)
        wndStyle = WS_POPUP;
    hWndMain = CreateWindowEx(
        WS_EX_APPWINDOW,
        NAME,
        TITLE,
        wndStyle,
        0,
        0,
        WINDOW_WIDTH,
        WINDOW_HEIGHT,
        NULL,
        NULL,
        hInstance,
        NULL );
    if( !hWndMain )
    {
        return FALSE;
    }
    ShowWindow( hWndMain, nCmdShow );
    UpdateWindow( hWndMain );
    /*
     * create the main DirectDraw object
     */
    
    ddrval = CoCreateInstance(CLSID_DirectDrawFactory,
                              NULL, CLSCTX_INPROC_SERVER,
                              IID_IDirectDrawFactory,
                              (void **) & lpDDF);
    char strDDFailed[] = "DirectDraw Init Failed";
    if( ddrval != DD_OK )
    {
        return initFail(hWndMain, strDDFailed);
    }
    ddrval = lpDDF->CreateDirectDraw(NULL, hWndMain, DDSCL_NORMAL, 0, NULL, &lpDD);
    if( ddrval != DD_OK )
    {
        return initFail(hWndMain, strDDFailed);
    }
    // Get exclusive mode if requested
    if(gExclusive)
    {
        ddrval = lpDD->SetCooperativeLevel( hWndMain, DDSCL_EXCLUSIVE | DDSCL_FULLSCREEN );
    }
    else
    {
        ddrval = lpDD->SetCooperativeLevel( hWndMain, DDSCL_NORMAL );
    }
    if( ddrval != DD_OK )
    {
        return initFail(hWndMain, strDDFailed);
    }
    if (!createSurfaces())
    {
        return initFail(hWndMain, strDDFailed);
    }
    // Create a DAView object and construct the model.
    if (!Danim.initDXAViewObj(lpDDSDA))
    {
        return initFail(hWndMain, "DirectX Animation Init FAILED");
    }
    return TRUE;
} /* doInit */
/*
 * WinMain - initialization, message loop
 */
int PASCAL WinMain( HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE hPrevInstance,
                        LPSTR lpCmdLine, int nCmdShow)
{
    MSG         msg;
    LPSTR       c;
    for(c=lpCmdLine; *c != ''; c++)
    {
        switch( *c )
        {
            case 'X': gExclusive = TRUE; break;
        }
    }
    
    if( !doInit( hInstance, nCmdShow ) )
    {
        return FALSE;
    }
    while( 1 )
    {
        if( PeekMessage( &msg, NULL, 0, 0, PM_NOREMOVE ) )
        {
            if( !GetMessage( &msg, NULL, 0, 0 ) )
                return msg.wParam;
            TranslateMessage(&msg); 
            DispatchMessage(&msg);
        }
        else if (!bPaused && (bActive || !gExclusive))
        {
            updateFrame();
        }
        else
        {
            WaitMessage();
        }
    }
} /* WinMain */

						