REMSYNC.1
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操作系统开发
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C/C++
- REMSYNC(1) Minix Programmer's Manual REMSYNC(1)
- NAME
- remsync - remotely synchronize file trees
- SYNOPSIS
- remsync -sxv tree [state-file]
- remsync -duxvD tree [state-file [diff-file]]
- remsync [-xv] tree [diff-file]
- DESCRIPTION
- Remsync synchronizes file trees of distant machines, i.e. machines that
- do not have a fast network between them. It accomplishes this in three
- steps:
- Create a state file containing a description of the machine to be
- updated.
- Compute a file of differences on the source machine using the state
- file to compare the two file trees.
- Update the target machine using the data in the differences file.
- This process requires that you move two files, a state file from the
- target machine to the source machine, and a differences file from the
- source machine to the target machine. The state file is an ASCII file
- that may be edited, usually to make remsync ignore some files or file
- trees.
- The argument tree may be a single file or a directory. A directory is
- traversed recursively. The state-file and diff-file arguments may be of
- any file type. The differences file contains an end marker, so it may be
- followed by trailing junk. Standard input or output is used if these
- arguments are omitted or replaced by a minus sign.
- State file format
- A state file has a line for each file in a tree. A line looks like this
- formally for a simple file:
- name mode owner group length date [link-number [last]]
- The best way to show how each type of file is represented is by example:
- / d755 0 0
- bin d755 2 0
- [ 644 2 0 233 759160857 1
- cat 755 2 0 3772 768742021
- test 755 2 0 233 759160857 1 last
- dev d755 0 0
- fd0 b666 0 0 200
- console c600 10 0 400
- sd2 b600 0 0 a02
- 1
- REMSYNC(1) Minix Programmer's Manual REMSYNC(1)
- fifo p700 2 0
- opt -> usr/opt
- usr ignore (Cross-device link)
- The root of the tree is always represented by a /, no matter what type of
- file it may be. Directory entries of the root follow at the same level.
- Files in subdirectories are indented by two spaces. (Eight spaces are
- replaced by a TAB.) Normal files have their length and modified time in
- the state file, devices have their device number in hex, etc. If files
- are hard linked to each other then they all get an extra "link number" to
- bind them together. The last link is marked with the word last.
- One usually only modifies a state file to ignore differences between two
- files. One does this by replacing the file attributes with the word
- ignore. (Remsync generates this keyword too, with the reason why added
- in parentheses.)
- OPTIONS
- -s Generate a state file.
- -d Generate a differences file. (The default is to apply a differences
- file.)
- -u Only add new files or update files with newer versions.
- -x Do not cross device boundaries. This allows one to operate on the
- root file system for instance ignoring the /usr file system.
- -D Debug differences file generation. With this flag no file contents
- are added to the differences file. The result is then human
- readable.
- -v Lists the commands added to the differences file, or the actions
- done applying a differences file. The output looks like UNIX
- commands except for the words "add", "restore" and "update"
- indicating addition of a new file, replacing a file with an older
- version, or replacement by a newer version.
- EXAMPLES
- Actions taken by the author to update his notebook "finiah" from his main
- machine "darask":
- finiah# remsync -s /usr /tmp/finiah.state
- Edit the state file to ignore .Xauthority files and /usr/var.
- finiah# tar cvf /dev/fd0 /tmp/finiah.state
- darask# tar xvf /dev/fd0
- 2
- REMSYNC(1) Minix Programmer's Manual REMSYNC(1)
- darask# remsync -dv /usr /tmp/finiah.state | vol 1440 /dev/fd0
- finiah# vol 1440 /dev/fd0 | remsync -v /usr
- One could add a file compression/decompression program between remsync
- and vol, to reduce the number of floppies to move about, but that
- actually slows things down! (Note that one only needs to shuffle two
- floppies about if the two machines are adjacent. To update a remote
- machine it does make sense to use compression to reduce the number of
- floppies to carry.)
- SEE ALSO
- synctree(1), vol(1), tar(1).
- NOTES
- Nothing stops you from using remsync over a fast network of course.
- Synctree can be a bit tedious if you only want to ignore a few files.
- Editing a state file is then easier.
- BUGS
- Files are overwritten, not removed, when they are updated. This means
- that links outside the tree are also updated. The less desirable
- alternative to this is to break the link before the update.
- The verbose option may say that a link is to be created when making a
- differences file. The link is often already there when the update takes
- place, so no action is taken, and thus no talk about it. So you may miss
- a few mutterings about links if you compare the messages.
- AUTHOR
- Kees J. Bot (kjb@cs.vu.nl)
- 3