SETBUF.3
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- ." Copyright (c) 1980 Regents of the University of California.
- ." All rights reserved. The Berkeley software License Agreement
- ." specifies the terms and conditions for redistribution.
- ."
- ." @(#)setbuf.3s 6.2 (Berkeley) 5/12/86
- ."
- .TH SETBUF 3 "May 12, 1986"
- .UC 4
- .SH NAME
- setbuf, setvbuf - assign buffering to a stream
- .SH SYNOPSIS
- .nf
- .ft B
- #include <stdio.h>
- int setbuf(FILE *fIstreamfP, char *fIbuffP)
- int setvbuf(FILE *fIstreamfP, char *fIbuffP, int fItypefP, size_t fIsizefP)
- .SH DESCRIPTION
- The three types of buffering available are unbuffered, block buffered,
- and line buffered.
- When an output stream is unbuffered, information appears on the
- destination file or terminal as soon as written;
- when it is block buffered many characters are saved up and written as a block;
- when it is line buffered characters are saved up until a newline is
- encountered or input is read from stdin.
- .B Fflush
- (see
- .BR fclose (3))
- may be used to force the block out early.
- Normally all files are block buffered.
- A buffer is obtained from
- .BR malloc (3)
- upon the first
- .B getc
- or
- .BR putc (3)
- on the file.
- If the standard stream
- .B stdout
- refers to a terminal it is line buffered.
- The standard stream
- .B stderr
- is always unbuffered.
- .PP
- .B Setbuf
- is used after a stream has been opened but before it is read or written.
- The character array
- .I buf
- is used instead of an automatically allocated buffer. If
- .I buf
- is the constant pointer
- .SM
- .BR NULL ,
- input/output will be completely unbuffered.
- A manifest constant
- .SM
- .B BUFSIZ
- tells how big an array is needed:
- .IP
- .B char
- buf[BUFSIZ];
- .PP
- .BR Setvbuf ,
- an alternate form of
- .BR setbuf ,
- is used after a stream has been opened but before it is read or written.
- It has three uses, depending on the value of the
- .IR type
- argument:
- .TP 5
- .B "setvbuf(fIstreamfP, fIbuffP, _IOFBF, fIsizefP)"
- Causes input/output to be fully buffered using the character array
- .I buf
- whose size is determined by the
- .I size
- argument.
- If
- .I buf
- is the constant pointer
- .SM
- .BR NULL ,
- then an automatically allocated buffer will be used.
- .TP 5
- .B "setvbuf(fIstreamfP, fIbuffP, _IOLBF, fIsizefP)"
- Like above, except that output will be line buffered, i.e. the buffer will
- be flushed when a newline is written, the buffer is full, or input is
- requested.
- .TP 5
- .B "setvbuf(fIstreamfP, fIbuffP, _IONBF, fIsizefP)"
- Causes input/output to be completely unbuffered.
- .I Buf
- and
- .I size
- are ignored.
- .PP
- A file can be changed between unbuffered, line buffered, or block buffered
- by using
- .B freopen
- (see
- .BR fopen (3))
- followed by the appropriate
- .B setvbuf
- call.
- .SH "SEE ALSO"
- .BR fopen (3),
- .BR getc (3),
- .BR putc (3),
- .BR malloc (3),
- .BR fclose (3),
- .BR puts (3),
- .BR printf (3),
- .BR fread (3).