tcp_vegas.c
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- /* Modified Linux module source code from /home/weixl/linux-2.6.22.6 */
- #define NS_PROTOCOL "tcp_vegas.c"
- #include "../ns-linux-c.h"
- #include "../ns-linux-util.h"
- /*
- * TCP Vegas congestion control
- *
- * This is based on the congestion detection/avoidance scheme described in
- * Lawrence S. Brakmo and Larry L. Peterson.
- * "TCP Vegas: End to end congestion avoidance on a global internet."
- * IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communication, 13(8):1465--1480,
- * October 1995. Available from:
- * ftp://ftp.cs.arizona.edu/xkernel/Papers/jsac.ps
- *
- * See http://www.cs.arizona.edu/xkernel/ for their implementation.
- * The main aspects that distinguish this implementation from the
- * Arizona Vegas implementation are:
- * o We do not change the loss detection or recovery mechanisms of
- * Linux in any way. Linux already recovers from losses quite well,
- * using fine-grained timers, NewReno, and FACK.
- * o To avoid the performance penalty imposed by increasing cwnd
- * only every-other RTT during slow start, we increase during
- * every RTT during slow start, just like Reno.
- * o Largely to allow continuous cwnd growth during slow start,
- * we use the rate at which ACKs come back as the "actual"
- * rate, rather than the rate at which data is sent.
- * o To speed convergence to the right rate, we set the cwnd
- * to achieve the right ("actual") rate when we exit slow start.
- * o To filter out the noise caused by delayed ACKs, we use the
- * minimum RTT sample observed during the last RTT to calculate
- * the actual rate.
- * o When the sender re-starts from idle, it waits until it has
- * received ACKs for an entire flight of new data before making
- * a cwnd adjustment decision. The original Vegas implementation
- * assumed senders never went idle.
- */
- #include "tcp_vegas.h"
- /* Default values of the Vegas variables, in fixed-point representation
- * with V_PARAM_SHIFT bits to the right of the binary point.
- */
- #define V_PARAM_SHIFT 1
- static int alpha = 2<<V_PARAM_SHIFT;
- static int beta = 4<<V_PARAM_SHIFT;
- static int gamma = 1<<V_PARAM_SHIFT;
- module_param(alpha, int, 0644);
- MODULE_PARM_DESC(alpha, "lower bound of packets in network (scale by 2)");
- module_param(beta, int, 0644);
- MODULE_PARM_DESC(beta, "upper bound of packets in network (scale by 2)");
- module_param(gamma, int, 0644);
- MODULE_PARM_DESC(gamma, "limit on increase (scale by 2)");
- /* There are several situations when we must "re-start" Vegas:
- *
- * o when a connection is established
- * o after an RTO
- * o after fast recovery
- * o when we send a packet and there is no outstanding
- * unacknowledged data (restarting an idle connection)
- *
- * In these circumstances we cannot do a Vegas calculation at the
- * end of the first RTT, because any calculation we do is using
- * stale info -- both the saved cwnd and congestion feedback are
- * stale.
- *
- * Instead we must wait until the completion of an RTT during
- * which we actually receive ACKs.
- */
- static void vegas_enable(struct sock *sk)
- {
- const struct tcp_sock *tp = tcp_sk(sk);
- struct vegas *vegas = inet_csk_ca(sk);
- /* Begin taking Vegas samples next time we send something. */
- vegas->doing_vegas_now = 1;
- /* Set the beginning of the next send window. */
- vegas->beg_snd_nxt = tp->snd_nxt;
- vegas->cntRTT = 0;
- vegas->minRTT = 0x7fffffff;
- }
- /* Stop taking Vegas samples for now. */
- static inline void vegas_disable(struct sock *sk)
- {
- struct vegas *vegas = inet_csk_ca(sk);
- vegas->doing_vegas_now = 0;
- }
- void tcp_vegas_init(struct sock *sk)
- {
- struct vegas *vegas = inet_csk_ca(sk);
- vegas->baseRTT = 0x7fffffff;
- vegas_enable(sk);
- }
- EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(tcp_vegas_init);
- /* Do RTT sampling needed for Vegas.
- * Basically we:
- * o min-filter RTT samples from within an RTT to get the current
- * propagation delay + queuing delay (we are min-filtering to try to
- * avoid the effects of delayed ACKs)
- * o min-filter RTT samples from a much longer window (forever for now)
- * to find the propagation delay (baseRTT)
- */
- void tcp_vegas_pkts_acked(struct sock *sk, u32 cnt, ktime_t last)
- {
- struct vegas *vegas = inet_csk_ca(sk);
- u32 vrtt;
- if (ktime_equal(last, net_invalid_timestamp()))
- return;
- /* Never allow zero rtt or baseRTT */
- vrtt = ktime_to_us(net_timedelta(last)) + 1;
- /* Filter to find propagation delay: */
- if (vrtt < vegas->baseRTT)
- vegas->baseRTT = vrtt;
- /* Find the min RTT during the last RTT to find
- * the current prop. delay + queuing delay:
- */
- vegas->minRTT = min(vegas->minRTT, vrtt);
- vegas->cntRTT++;
- }
- EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(tcp_vegas_pkts_acked);
- void tcp_vegas_state(struct sock *sk, u8 ca_state)
- {
- if (ca_state == TCP_CA_Open)
- vegas_enable(sk);
- else
- vegas_disable(sk);
- }
- EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(tcp_vegas_state);
- /*
- * If the connection is idle and we are restarting,
- * then we don't want to do any Vegas calculations
- * until we get fresh RTT samples. So when we
- * restart, we reset our Vegas state to a clean
- * slate. After we get acks for this flight of
- * packets, _then_ we can make Vegas calculations
- * again.
- */
- void tcp_vegas_cwnd_event(struct sock *sk, enum tcp_ca_event event)
- {
- if (event == CA_EVENT_CWND_RESTART ||
- event == CA_EVENT_TX_START)
- tcp_vegas_init(sk);
- }
- EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(tcp_vegas_cwnd_event);
- static void tcp_vegas_cong_avoid(struct sock *sk, u32 ack,
- u32 seq_rtt, u32 in_flight, int flag)
- {
- struct tcp_sock *tp = tcp_sk(sk);
- struct vegas *vegas = inet_csk_ca(sk);
- if (!vegas->doing_vegas_now)
- return tcp_reno_cong_avoid(sk, ack, seq_rtt, in_flight, flag);
- /* The key players are v_beg_snd_una and v_beg_snd_nxt.
- *
- * These are so named because they represent the approximate values
- * of snd_una and snd_nxt at the beginning of the current RTT. More
- * precisely, they represent the amount of data sent during the RTT.
- * At the end of the RTT, when we receive an ACK for v_beg_snd_nxt,
- * we will calculate that (v_beg_snd_nxt - v_beg_snd_una) outstanding
- * bytes of data have been ACKed during the course of the RTT, giving
- * an "actual" rate of:
- *
- * (v_beg_snd_nxt - v_beg_snd_una) / (rtt duration)
- *
- * Unfortunately, v_beg_snd_una is not exactly equal to snd_una,
- * because delayed ACKs can cover more than one segment, so they
- * don't line up nicely with the boundaries of RTTs.
- *
- * Another unfortunate fact of life is that delayed ACKs delay the
- * advance of the left edge of our send window, so that the number
- * of bytes we send in an RTT is often less than our cwnd will allow.
- * So we keep track of our cwnd separately, in v_beg_snd_cwnd.
- */
- if (after(ack, vegas->beg_snd_nxt)) {
- /* Do the Vegas once-per-RTT cwnd adjustment. */
- u32 old_wnd, old_snd_cwnd;
- /* Here old_wnd is essentially the window of data that was
- * sent during the previous RTT, and has all
- * been acknowledged in the course of the RTT that ended
- * with the ACK we just received. Likewise, old_snd_cwnd
- * is the cwnd during the previous RTT.
- */
- old_wnd = (vegas->beg_snd_nxt - vegas->beg_snd_una) /
- tp->mss_cache;
- old_snd_cwnd = vegas->beg_snd_cwnd;
- /* Save the extent of the current window so we can use this
- * at the end of the next RTT.
- */
- vegas->beg_snd_una = vegas->beg_snd_nxt;
- vegas->beg_snd_nxt = tp->snd_nxt;
- vegas->beg_snd_cwnd = tp->snd_cwnd;
- /* We do the Vegas calculations only if we got enough RTT
- * samples that we can be reasonably sure that we got
- * at least one RTT sample that wasn't from a delayed ACK.
- * If we only had 2 samples total,
- * then that means we're getting only 1 ACK per RTT, which
- * means they're almost certainly delayed ACKs.
- * If we have 3 samples, we should be OK.
- */
- if (vegas->cntRTT <= 2) {
- /* We don't have enough RTT samples to do the Vegas
- * calculation, so we'll behave like Reno.
- */
- tcp_reno_cong_avoid(sk, ack, seq_rtt, in_flight, flag);
- } else {
- u32 rtt, target_cwnd, diff;
- /* We have enough RTT samples, so, using the Vegas
- * algorithm, we determine if we should increase or
- * decrease cwnd, and by how much.
- */
- /* Pluck out the RTT we are using for the Vegas
- * calculations. This is the min RTT seen during the
- * last RTT. Taking the min filters out the effects
- * of delayed ACKs, at the cost of noticing congestion
- * a bit later.
- */
- rtt = vegas->minRTT;
- /* Calculate the cwnd we should have, if we weren't
- * going too fast.
- *
- * This is:
- * (actual rate in segments) * baseRTT
- * We keep it as a fixed point number with
- * V_PARAM_SHIFT bits to the right of the binary point.
- */
- target_cwnd = ((old_wnd * vegas->baseRTT)
- << V_PARAM_SHIFT) / rtt;
- /* Calculate the difference between the window we had,
- * and the window we would like to have. This quantity
- * is the "Diff" from the Arizona Vegas papers.
- *
- * Again, this is a fixed point number with
- * V_PARAM_SHIFT bits to the right of the binary
- * point.
- */
- diff = (old_wnd << V_PARAM_SHIFT) - target_cwnd;
- if (tp->snd_cwnd <= tp->snd_ssthresh) {
- /* Slow start. */
- if (diff > gamma) {
- /* Going too fast. Time to slow down
- * and switch to congestion avoidance.
- */
- tp->snd_ssthresh = 2;
- /* Set cwnd to match the actual rate
- * exactly:
- * cwnd = (actual rate) * baseRTT
- * Then we add 1 because the integer
- * truncation robs us of full link
- * utilization.
- */
- tp->snd_cwnd = min(tp->snd_cwnd,
- (target_cwnd >>
- V_PARAM_SHIFT)+1);
- }
- tcp_slow_start(tp);
- } else {
- /* Congestion avoidance. */
- u32 next_snd_cwnd;
- /* Figure out where we would like cwnd
- * to be.
- */
- if (diff > beta) {
- /* The old window was too fast, so
- * we slow down.
- */
- next_snd_cwnd = old_snd_cwnd - 1;
- } else if (diff < alpha) {
- /* We don't have enough extra packets
- * in the network, so speed up.
- */
- next_snd_cwnd = old_snd_cwnd + 1;
- } else {
- /* Sending just as fast as we
- * should be.
- */
- next_snd_cwnd = old_snd_cwnd;
- }
- /* Adjust cwnd upward or downward, toward the
- * desired value.
- */
- if (next_snd_cwnd > tp->snd_cwnd)
- tp->snd_cwnd++;
- else if (next_snd_cwnd < tp->snd_cwnd)
- tp->snd_cwnd--;
- }
- if (tp->snd_cwnd < 2)
- tp->snd_cwnd = 2;
- else if (tp->snd_cwnd > tp->snd_cwnd_clamp)
- tp->snd_cwnd = tp->snd_cwnd_clamp;
- }
- /* Wipe the slate clean for the next RTT. */
- vegas->cntRTT = 0;
- vegas->minRTT = 0x7fffffff;
- }
- /* Use normal slow start */
- else if (tp->snd_cwnd <= tp->snd_ssthresh)
- tcp_slow_start(tp);
- }
- /* Extract info for Tcp socket info provided via netlink. */
- void tcp_vegas_get_info(struct sock *sk, u32 ext, struct sk_buff *skb)
- {
- /*
- const struct vegas *ca = inet_csk_ca(sk);
- if (ext & (1 << (INET_DIAG_VEGASINFO - 1))) {
- struct tcpvegas_info info = {
- .tcpv_enabled = ca->doing_vegas_now,
- .tcpv_rttcnt = ca->cntRTT,
- .tcpv_rtt = ca->baseRTT,
- .tcpv_minrtt = ca->minRTT,
- };
- nla_put(skb, INET_DIAG_VEGASINFO, sizeof(info), &info);
- }
- */
- }
- EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(tcp_vegas_get_info);
- static struct tcp_congestion_ops tcp_vegas = {
- .flags = TCP_CONG_RTT_STAMP,
- .init = tcp_vegas_init,
- .ssthresh = tcp_reno_ssthresh,
- .cong_avoid = tcp_vegas_cong_avoid,
- .min_cwnd = tcp_reno_min_cwnd,
- .pkts_acked = tcp_vegas_pkts_acked,
- .set_state = tcp_vegas_state,
- .cwnd_event = tcp_vegas_cwnd_event,
- .get_info = tcp_vegas_get_info,
- .owner = THIS_MODULE,
- .name = "vegas",
- };
- static int __init tcp_vegas_register(void)
- {
- BUILD_BUG_ON(sizeof(struct vegas) > ICSK_CA_PRIV_SIZE);
- tcp_register_congestion_control(&tcp_vegas);
- return 0;
- }
- static void __exit tcp_vegas_unregister(void)
- {
- tcp_unregister_congestion_control(&tcp_vegas);
- }
- module_init(tcp_vegas_register);
- module_exit(tcp_vegas_unregister);
- MODULE_AUTHOR("Stephen Hemminger");
- MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
- MODULE_DESCRIPTION("TCP Vegas");
- #undef NS_PROTOCOL