vq.cc
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- /* -*- Mode:C++; c-basic-offset:4; tab-width:4; indent-tabs-mode:t -*- */
- /*
- * Copyright (c) 1994 Regents of the University of California.
- * All rights reserved.
- *
- * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
- * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
- * are met:
- * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
- * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
- * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
- * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
- * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
- * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
- * must display the following acknowledgement:
- * This product includes software developed by the Computer Systems
- * Engineering Group at Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory.
- * 4. Neither the name of the University nor of the Laboratory may be used
- * to endorse or promote products derived from this software without
- * specific prior written permission.
- *
- * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
- * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
- * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
- * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
- * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
- * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
- * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
- * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
- * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
- * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
- * SUCH DAMAGE.
- */
- /* Marking scheme proposed by Kunniyur and Srikant in "Decentralized Adaptive
- * ECN Algorithms" published in the Proceedings of Infocom2000, Tel-Aviv,
- * Israel, March 2000.
- *
- * Basic Idea of the AVQ (Adaptive Virtual Queue) Algorithm
- * --------------------------------------------------------
- *
- * The scheme involves having a virtual queue at each link with the same
- * arrival rate as the original queue, but with the service rate scaled
- * down by some factor (ecnlim_). The buffer capacity remains the same,
- * but if needed we can also scale the buffer capacity by come constant
- * (buflim_). When a packet is dropped from the virtual queue, mark a
- * packet at the front of the real queue. Although in this implemetation,
- * a "drop-tail" function is used in the VIRTUAL QUEUE to mark packets in
- * the original queue, any algorithm (like RED) can be used in the
- * virtual queue to signal congestion. The capacity of the virtual queue
- * is adapted periodically to guarantee loss-free service.
- *
- * The update of the virtual capacity (capacity of the virtual queue) is
- * done using a token-bucket. For implentation details, please refer to
- * the Sigcomm 2001 paper titled "Analysis and Design of an Adaptive
- * Virtual Queue (AVQ) algorithm for Active Queue Management (AQM).
- *
- * The virtual queue length can be taken in packets or in bytes. If the
- * packet sizes are not fixed, then it is recommended to use bytes
- * instead of packets as units of length. If the variable (qib_) is set,
- * then the virtual queue is measured in bytes, else it is measured in
- * packets and the mean packet size is set to 1000.
- *
- * -Srisankar
- *
- * ********************************************************************
- * Options in the AVQ algorithm code:
- * ----------------------------------
- *
- * * ecnlim_ -> This parameter specifies the capacity of the virtual
- * queue as a fraction of the capcity of the original queue.
- *
- * * buflim_ -> This parameter specifies the buffer capacity of the
- * virtual queue as a fraction of the buffer capacity of the
- * original queue.
- *
- * * queue_in_bytes_ -> Indicates whether you want to measure the queue
- * in bytes or packets.
- *
- * * markpkts_ -> Set to 1 if router wants to emply marking for that
- * link. Set to 0, if dropping is preferred.
- *
- * * markfront_ -> Set to 1 if mark from front policy is employed. Usually
- * set to zero.
- *
- * * mean_pktsize- -> The mean packet size is set to 1000.
- *
- * * gamma -> This parameter specifies the desired arrival rate at the link.
- *
- * ********************************************************************
- */
- #ifndef lint
- static const char rcsid[] =
- "@(#) $Header: /cvsroot/nsnam/ns-2/queue/vq.cc,v 1.6 2006/12/17 15:21:59 mweigle Exp $ (LBL)";
- #endif
- #include "flags.h"
- #include "delay.h"
- #include "vq.h"
- #include "math.h"
- static class VqClass : public TclClass {
- public:
- VqClass() : TclClass("Queue/Vq") {}
- TclObject* create(int argc, const char*const* argv) {
- if (argc==5)
- return (new Vq(argv[4]));
- else
- return (new Vq("Drop"));
- }
- } class_vq;
- Vq::Vq(const char * trace) : link_(NULL), EDTrace(NULL), tchan_(0){
- q_ = new PacketQueue;
- pq_ = q_;
- bind_bool("drop_front_", &drop_front_);
- bind("ecnlim_", &ecnlim_); // = ctilde/c ; Initial value set to 0.8
- bind("buflim_", &buflim_); /* Fraction of the original buffer that the VQ buffer has. Default is 1.0 */
- bind_bool("queue_in_bytes_", &qib_); // boolean: q in bytes?
- bind("gamma_", &gamma_); // Defines the utilization. Default is 0.98
- bind_bool("markpkts_", &markpkts_); /* Whether to mark or drop? Default is drop */
- bind_bool("markfront_", &markfront_); /* Mark from front? Deafult is false */
- bind("mean_pktsize_", &mean_pktsize_); // avg pkt size
- bind("curq_", &curq_); // current queue size
-
- vq_len = 0.0;
- prev_time = 0.0;
- vqprev_time = 0.0;
- alpha2 = 0.15; // Determines how fast we adapt at the link
- Pktdrp = 0; /* Useful if we are dropping pkts instead of marking */
- firstpkt = 1;
- qlength = 0; /* Tracks the queue length */
- }
- int Vq::command(int argc, const char*const* argv) {
- Tcl& tcl = Tcl::instance();
- if (argc == 3) {
- if (strcmp(argv[1], "link") == 0) {
- LinkDelay* del = (LinkDelay*)TclObject::lookup(argv[2]);
- if (del == 0) {
- return(TCL_ERROR);
- }
- // set capacity now
- link_ = del;
- c_ = del->bandwidth();
- return (TCL_OK);
- }
- if (!strcmp(argv[1], "packetqueue-attach")) {
- delete q_;
- if (!(q_ = (PacketQueue*) TclObject::lookup(argv[2])))
- return (TCL_ERROR);
- else {
- pq_ = q_;
- return (TCL_OK);
- }
- }
- // attach a file for variable tracing
- if (strcmp(argv[1], "attach") == 0) {
- int mode;
- const char* id = argv[2];
- tchan_ = Tcl_GetChannel(tcl.interp(), (char*)id, &mode);
- if (tchan_ == 0) {
- tcl.resultf("Vq: trace: can't attach %s for writing", id);
- return (TCL_ERROR);
- }
- return (TCL_OK);
- }
- }
- return Queue::command(argc, argv);
- }
- void Vq::enque(Packet* p)
- {
- q_->enque(p);
- hdr_cmn* ch = hdr_cmn::access(p);
- qlength = qlength + (qib_ * ch->size()) + (1 - qib_);
-
- if(firstpkt){
- /* Changing c_ so that it is measured in packets per second */
- /* Assuming packets are fixed size with 1000 bytes */
-
- if(qib_) c_ = c_ / (8.0);
- else c_ = c_ / (8.0 * mean_pktsize_);
- firstpkt = 0;
- ctilde = c_ * ecnlim_;
- prev_time = Scheduler::instance().clock();
- vqprev_time = Scheduler::instance().clock();
- }
- /* Update the Virtual Queue length */
- curr_time = Scheduler::instance().clock();
- vq_len = vq_len - (ctilde * (curr_time - vqprev_time));
- vqprev_time = curr_time;
- if(vq_len < 0.0) vq_len = 0.0;
- vq_len = vq_len + qib_ * ch->size() + (1 - qib_);
-
- /* checkPacketForECN() returns 1 if we need to mark or drop a packet*/
-
- if(checkPacketForECN()){
- if(markpkts_)
- markPacketForECN(p);
- else
- dropPacketForECN(p);
- }
-
- /* Adaptation of the virtual capacity, tilde(C) */
- /* Use the token bucket system */
- /* Scale alpha appropriately if qib_ is set */
-
- if(Pktdrp == 0){ // Do the adaptation
- /* Pktdrp = 0 always when marking */
- ctilde = ctilde + alpha2*gamma_*c_*(curr_time - prev_time) - alpha2*(1.0 - qib_) - alpha2*qib_*ch->size();
- if(ctilde > c_) ctilde = c_;
- if(ctilde <0.0) ctilde = 0.0;
- prev_time = curr_time;
- }
- else{ // No adaptation and reset Pktdrp
- Pktdrp = 0;
- }
-
- if (qlength > qlim_*( 1 - qib_ + qib_*mean_pktsize_)) {
- if (drop_front_) { /* remove from head of queue */
- if(q_->length() > 0){
- Packet *pp = q_->head();
- qlength = qlength - qib_ * ch->size() - (1 - qib_);
- q_->remove(pp);
- drop(pp);
- }
- }
- else {
- q_->remove(p);
- qlength = qlength - qib_ * ch->size() - (1 - qib_);
- drop(p);
- }
- }
- curq_ = qlength;
- }
- /* This is a simple DropTail on the VQ. However, one Can add
- any AQM scheme on VQ here */
- int Vq::checkPacketForECN(){
- if(vq_len > (buflim_ * qlim_ * ( 1 - qib_ + qib_*mean_pktsize_))){
- return 1;
- }
- else{
- return 0;
- }
- }
- /* Implements a simple mark-tail/mark-front here. If needed other
- mechanism (like mark-random ) can also be implemented */
- void Vq::markPacketForECN(Packet* pkt)
- {
- /* Update the VQ length */
- hdr_cmn* ch = hdr_cmn::access(pkt);
- vq_len = vq_len - qib_ * ch->size() - (1.0 - qib_);
- if(vq_len < 0.0) vq_len = 0.0;
-
- if(markfront_){
- Packet *pp = q_->head();
- hdr_flags* hf = hdr_flags::access(pp);
- if(hf->ect() == 1) // ECN capable flow
- hf->ce() = 1; // Mark the TCP Flow;
- }
- else{
- /* Mark the current packet and forget about it */
- hdr_flags* hdr = hdr_flags::access(pkt);
- if(hdr->ect() == 1) // ECN capable flow
- hdr->ce() = 1; // For TCP Flows
- }
- }
- /* Implements a simple drop-tail/drop-front here. If needed other
- mechanism (like drop-random ) can also be implemented */
- void Vq::dropPacketForECN(Packet* pkt)
- {
- /* Update the VQ length */
- hdr_cmn* ch = hdr_cmn::access(pkt);
- vq_len = vq_len - qib_ * ch->size() - (1.0 - qib_);
- if(vq_len < 0.0) vq_len = 0.0;
- if(drop_front_){
- /* If drop from front is enabled, then deque a
- packet from the front of the queue and drop it ...
- Usually not recommended */
- if(q_->length() > 0 ){
- Packet *pp = q_->head();
- qlength = qlength - qib_ * ch->size() - (1 - qib_);
- q_->remove(pp); /* The queue length is taken care of in
- in the deque program */
- drop(pp);
- }
- }
- else{
- q_->remove(pkt);
- qlength = qlength - qib_ * ch->size() - (1 - qib_);
- drop(pkt);
- }
-
- /* If one is dropping packets, one needs to be careful about
- measuring the total arrival rate to calculate the virtual
- capacity, tilde(C). In this case, the arrival rate that is
- taken into the adaptation algorithm is the accepted rate and
- not the offered rate. */
- Pktdrp = 1; // Do not update tilde(C)
-
- }
- Packet* Vq::deque()
- {
- if((q_->length() > 0)){
- Packet *ppp = q_->deque();
- hdr_cmn* ch = hdr_cmn::access(ppp);
- qlength = qlength - qib_ * ch->size() - (1 - qib_);
- curq_ = qlength;
- return ppp;
- }
- else return q_->deque();
- }
- /*
- * Routine called by TracedVar facility when variables change values.
- * Currently used to trace value of
- * the instantaneous queue size seen by arriving packets.
- * Note that the tracing of each var must be enabled in tcl to work.
- */
- void Vq::trace(TracedVar* v)
- {
- char wrk[500];
- const char *p;
- if ((p = strstr(v->name(), "curq")) == NULL) {
- fprintf(stderr, "Vq:unknown trace var %sn", v->name());
- return;
- }
- if (tchan_) {
- int n;
- double t = Scheduler::instance().clock();
- // XXX: be compatible with nsv1 RED trace entries
- if (*p == 'c') {
- sprintf(wrk, "Q %g %d", t, int(*((TracedInt*) v)));
- } else {
- sprintf(wrk, "%c %g %g", *p, t, double(*((TracedDouble*) v)));
- }
- n = strlen(wrk);
- wrk[n] = 'n';
- wrk[n+1] = 0;
- (void)Tcl_Write(tchan_, wrk, n+1);
- }
- return;
- }