README
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- Tcl Mac OS X README
- -------------------
- RCS: @(#) $Id: README,v 1.1.2.9 2007/04/29 02:21:33 das Exp $
- This is the README file for the Mac OS X/Darwin version of Tcl.
- 1. Where to go for support
- --------------------------
- - The tcl-mac mailing list on sourceforge is the best place to ask questions
- specific to Tcl & Tk on Mac OS X:
- http://lists.sourceforge.net/lists/listinfo/tcl-mac
- (this page also has a link to searchable archives of the list, please check them
- before asking on the list, many questions have already been answered).
- - For general Tcl/Tk questions, the newsgroup comp.lang.tcl is your best bet:
- http://groups.google.com/group/comp.lang.tcl/
- - The Tcl'ers Wiki also has many pages dealing with Tcl & Tk on Mac OS X, see
- http://wiki.tcl.tk/references/3753!
- http://wiki.tcl.tk/references/8361!
- - Please report bugs with Tcl or Tk on Mac OS X to the sourceforge bug trackers:
- Tcl: http://sf.net/tracker/?func=add&group_id=10894&atid=110894
- Tk: http://sf.net/tracker/?func=add&group_id=12997&atid=112997
- please make sure that your report Tk specific bugs to the tktoolkit project bug
- tracker rather than the tcl project bug tracker.
- Mac OS X specific bugs should usually be assigned to 'das' or 'wolfsuit'.
- 2. Using Tcl on Mac OS X
- ------------------------
- - At a minimum, Mac OS X 10.1 is required to run Tcl, but OS X 10.3 or higher is
- recommended (certain [file] operations behave incorrectly on earlier releases).
- - Unless weak-linking is used, Tcl built on Mac OS X 10.x will not run on 10.y
- with y < x; on the other hand Tcl built on 10.y will always run on 10.x with
- y <= x (but without any of the fixes and optimizations that would be available
- in a binary built on 10.x).
- Weak-linking is available on OS X 10.2 or later, it additionally allows Tcl
- built on 10.x to run on any 10.y with x > y >= z (for a chosen z >= 2).
- - Tcl extensions can be installed in any of:
- $HOME/Library/Tcl /Library/Tcl /Network/Library/Tcl /System/Library/Tcl
- $HOME/Library/Frameworks /Library/Frameworks /Network/Library/Frameworks
- /System/Library/Frameworks (searched in that order).
- Given a potential package directory $pkg, Tcl on OSX checks for the file
- $pkg/Resources/Scripts/pkgIndex.tcl as well as the usual $pkg/pkgIndex.tcl.
- This allows building extensions as frameworks with all script files contained in
- the Resources/Scripts directory of the framework.
- - [load]able binary extensions can linked as either ordinary shared libraries
- (.dylib) or as MachO bundles (since 8.4.10/8.5a3); only bundles can be unloaded,
- and bundles are also loaded more efficiently from VFS (no temporary copy to the
- native filesystem required).
- - The 'deploy' target of macosx/Makefile installs the html manpages into the
- standard documentation location in the Tcl framework:
- Tcl.framework/Resources/Documentation/Reference/Tcl
- No nroff manpages are installed by default by the Makefile.
- - The Tcl framework can be installed in any of the system's standard
- framework directories:
- $HOME/Library/Frameworks /Library/Frameworks
- /Network/Library/Frameworks /System/Library/Frameworks
- 3. Building Tcl on Mac OS X
- ---------------------------
- - At least Mac OS X 10.1 is required to build Tcl, and Apple's Developer Tools
- need to be installed (only the most recent version matching your OS release is
- supported). The Developer Tools installer is available on Mac OS X retail disks
- or is present in /Applications/Installers on Macs that came with OS X
- preinstalled. The most recent version can be downloaded from the ADC website
- http://connect.apple.com (after you register for free ADC membership).
- - Tcl is most easily built as a Mac OS X framework via Makefile in tcl/macosx
- (see below for details), but can also be built with the standard unix configure
- and make buildsystem in tcl/unix as on any other unix platform (indeed, the
- Makefile is just a wrapper around the unix buildsystem).
- The Mac OS X specific configure flags are --enable-framework and
- --disable-corefoundation (which disables CF and notably reverts to the standard
- select based notifier).
- - It is also possible to build with Apple's IDE via the tcl/macosx/Tcl.pbproj
- project, this simply calls through to the tcl/macosx/Makefile.
- - To build universal binaries, set CFLAGS as follows:
- export CFLAGS="-arch ppc -arch ppc64 -arch i386 -arch x86_64
- -isysroot /Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.4u.sdk -mmacosx-version-min=10.4"
- This requires Mac OS X 10.4 and Xcode 2.4 (or Xcode 2.2 if -arch x86_64 is
- omitted, but _not_ Xcode 2.1) and will work on any of the architectures (the
- -isysroot flag is only required on PowerPC Tiger).
- Note that configure requires CFLAGS to contain a least one architecture that can
- be run on the build machine (i.e. ppc on G3/G4, ppc or ppc64 on G5, ppc or i386
- on Core and ppc, i386 or x86_64 on Core2/Xeon).
- Universal builds of Tcl TEA extensions are also possible with CFLAGS set as
- above, they will be [load]able by universal as well as thin binaries of Tcl.
- - To enable weak-linking, set the MACOSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET environment variable
- to the minimal OS version (>= 10.2) the binaries should be able to run on, e.g:
- export MACOSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET=10.2
- This requires Mac OS X 10.2 and gcc 3.1; if you have gcc 4 or later you can set
- CFLAGS instead:
- export CFLAGS="-mmacosx-version-min=10.2"
- Support for weak-linking was added to the code for 8.4.14/8.5a5.
- Detailed Instructions for building with macosx/Makefile
- -------------------------------------------------------
- - Unpack the tcl source release archive.
- - The following instructions assume the tcl source tree is named "tcl${ver}",
- where ${ver} is a shell variable containing the tcl version number (for example
- '8.4.12').
- Setup the shell variable as follows:
- set ver="8.4.12" ;: if your shell is csh
- ver="8.4.12" ;: if your shell is sh
- The source tree will be named this way only if you are building from a release
- archive, if you are building from CVS, the version numbers will be missing; so
- set ${ver} to the empty string instead:
- set ver="" ;: if your shell is csh
- ver="" ;: if your shell is sh
- - The following steps will build Tcl from the Terminal, assuming you are located
- in the directory containing the tcl source tree:
- make -C tcl${ver}/macosx
- and the following will then install Tcl onto the root volume (admin password
- required):
- sudo make -C tcl${ver}/macosx install
- if you don't have the admin password, you can install into your home directory,
- instead by passing an INSTALL_ROOT argument to make:
- make -C tcl${ver}/macosx install INSTALL_ROOT="${HOME}/"
- - The default Makefile targets will build _both_ debug and optimized versions of
- the Tcl framework with the standard convention of naming the debug library
- Tcl.framework/Tcl_debug.
- This allows switching to the debug libraries at runtime by setting
- export DYLD_IMAGE_SUFFIX=_debug
- (c.f. man dyld for more details)
- If you only want to build and install the debug or optimized build, use the
- 'develop' or 'deploy' target variants of the Makefiles, respectively.
- For example, to build and install only the optimized versions:
- make -C tcl${ver}/macosx deploy
- sudo make -C tcl${ver}/macosx install-deploy