Interp.3
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- '"
- '" Copyright (c) 1989-1993 The Regents of the University of California.
- '" Copyright (c) 1994-1996 Sun Microsystems, Inc.
- '"
- '" See the file "license.terms" for information on usage and redistribution
- '" of this file, and for a DISCLAIMER OF ALL WARRANTIES.
- '"
- '" RCS: @(#) $Id: Interp.3,v 1.3 2000/04/14 23:01:51 hobbs Exp $
- '"
- .so man.macros
- .TH Tcl_Interp 3 7.5 Tcl "Tcl Library Procedures"
- .BS
- .SH NAME
- Tcl_Interp - client-visible fields of interpreter structures
- .SH SYNOPSIS
- .nf
- fB#include <tcl.h>fR
- .sp
- typedef struct {
- char *fIresultfR;
- Tcl_FreeProc *fIfreeProcfR;
- int fIerrorLinefR;
- } Tcl_Interp;
- typedef void Tcl_FreeProc(char *fIblockPtrfR);
- .BE
- .SH DESCRIPTION
- .PP
- The fBTcl_CreateInterpfR procedure returns a pointer to a Tcl_Interp
- structure. This pointer is then passed into other Tcl procedures
- to process commands in the interpreter and perform other operations
- on the interpreter. Interpreter structures contain many many fields
- that are used by Tcl, but only three that may be accessed by
- clients: fIresultfR, fIfreeProcfR, and fIerrorLinefR.
- .PP
- The fIresultfR and fIfreeProcfR fields are used to return
- results or error messages from commands.
- This information is returned by command procedures back to fBTcl_EvalfR,
- and by fBTcl_EvalfR back to its callers.
- The fIresultfR field points to the string that represents the
- result or error message, and the fIfreeProcfR field tells how
- to dispose of the storage for the string when it isn't needed anymore.
- The easiest way for command procedures to manipulate these
- fields is to call procedures like fBTcl_SetResultfR
- or fBTcl_AppendResultfR; they
- will hide all the details of managing the fields.
- The description below is for those procedures that manipulate the
- fields directly.
- .PP
- Whenever a command procedure returns, it must ensure
- that the fIresultfR field of its interpreter points to the string
- being returned by the command.
- The fIresultfR field must always point to a valid string.
- If a command wishes to return no result then fIinterp->resultfR
- should point to an empty string.
- Normally, results are assumed to be statically allocated,
- which means that the contents will not change before the next time
- fBTcl_EvalfR is called or some other command procedure is invoked.
- .VS
- In this case, the fIfreeProcfR field must be zero.
- Alternatively, a command procedure may dynamically
- allocate its return value (e.g. using fBTcl_AllocfR)
- and store a pointer to it in fIinterp->resultfR.
- In this case, the command procedure must also set fIinterp->freeProcfR
- to the address of a procedure that can free the value, or fBTCL_DYNAMICfR
- if the storage was allocated directly by Tcl or by a call to
- fBTcl_AllocfR.
- .VE
- If fIinterp->freeProcfR is non-zero, then Tcl will call fIfreeProcfR
- to free the space pointed to by fIinterp->resultfR before it
- invokes the next command.
- If a client procedure overwrites fIinterp->resultfR when
- fIinterp->freeProcfR is non-zero, then it is responsible for calling
- fIfreeProcfR to free the old fIinterp->resultfR (the fBTcl_FreeResultfR
- macro should be used for this purpose).
- .PP
- fIFreeProcfR should have arguments and result that match the
- fBTcl_FreeProcfR declaration above: it receives a single
- argument which is a pointer to the result value to free.
- .VS
- In most applications fBTCL_DYNAMICfR is the only non-zero value ever
- used for fIfreeProcfR.
- .VE
- However, an application may store a different procedure address
- in fIfreeProcfR in order to use an alternate memory allocator
- or in order to do other cleanup when the result memory is freed.
- .PP
- As part of processing each command, fBTcl_EvalfR initializes
- fIinterp->resultfR
- and fIinterp->freeProcfR just before calling the command procedure for
- the command. The fIfreeProcfR field will be initialized to zero,
- and fIinterp->resultfR will point to an empty string. Commands that
- do not return any value can simply leave the fields alone.
- Furthermore, the empty string pointed to by fIresultfR is actually
- part of an array of fBTCL_RESULT_SIZEfR characters (approximately 200).
- If a command wishes to return a short string, it can simply copy
- it to the area pointed to by fIinterp->resultfR. Or, it can use
- the sprintf procedure to generate a short result string at the location
- pointed to by fIinterp->resultfR.
- .PP
- It is a general convention in Tcl-based applications that the result
- of an interpreter is normally in the initialized state described
- in the previous paragraph.
- Procedures that manipulate an interpreter's result (e.g. by
- returning an error) will generally assume that the result
- has been initialized when the procedure is called.
- If such a procedure is to be called after the result has been
- changed, then fBTcl_ResetResultfR should be called first to
- reset the result to its initialized state. The direct use of
- fIinterp->resultfR is strongly deprecated (see fBTcl_SetResultfR).
- .PP
- The fIerrorLinefR
- field is valid only after fBTcl_EvalfR returns
- a fBTCL_ERRORfR return code. In this situation the fIerrorLinefR
- field identifies the line number of the command being executed when
- the error occurred. The line numbers are relative to the command
- being executed: 1 means the first line of the command passed to
- fBTcl_EvalfR, 2 means the second line, and so on.
- The fIerrorLinefR field is typically used in conjunction with
- fBTcl_AddErrorInfofR to report information about where an error
- occurred.
- fIErrorLinefR should not normally be modified except by fBTcl_EvalfR.
- .SH KEYWORDS
- free, initialized, interpreter, malloc, result