ParticleEx1.m
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上传用户:shigeng
上传日期:2017-01-30
资源大小:122k
文件大小:3k
源码类别:
数值算法/人工智能
开发平台:
Matlab
- function Particle
- % Particle filter
- x = 0.1; % 初始状态
- Q = 1; % 过程噪声协方差
- R = 1; % 测量噪声协方差
- tf = 50; % 仿真长度
- N = 100; % 粒子滤波器粒子数
- xhat = x;
- P = 2;
- xhatPart = x;
- % 初始化粒子过滤器
- for i = 1 : N
- xpart(i) = x + sqrt(P)*randn;
- end
- xArr = [x];
- yArr = [x^2 / 20 + sqrt(R) * randn];
- xhatArr = [x];
- PArr = [P];
- xhatPartArr = [xhatPart];
- close all;
- for k = 1 : tf
- % 系统仿真
- x = 0.5 * x + 25 * x / (1 + x^2) + 8 * cos(1.2*(k-1)) + sqrt(Q) * randn;%状态方程
- y = x^2 / 20 + sqrt(R) * randn;%观测方程
- for i = 1 : N
- xpartminus(i) = 0.5 * xpart(i) + 25 * xpart(i) / (1 + xpart(i)^2) + 8 * cos(1.2*(k-1)) + sqrt(Q) * randn;
- ypart = xpartminus(i)^2 / 20;
- vhat = y - ypart;%观测和预测的差
- q(i) = (1 / sqrt(R) / sqrt(2*pi)) * exp(-vhat^2 / 2 / R);
- end
- %正常化的可能性,每个先验估计
- qsum = sum(q);
- for i = 1 : N
- q(i) = q(i) / qsum;%归一化权重
- end
- % 重采样
- for i = 1 : N
- u = rand; % 均匀随机数介于0和1
- qtempsum = 0;
- for j = 1 : N
- qtempsum = qtempsum + q(j);
- if qtempsum >= u
- xpart(i) = xpartminus(j);
- break;
- end
- end
- end
- xhatPart = mean(xpart);
- % Plot the estimated pdf's at a specific time.
- if k == 20
- % Particle filter pdf
- pdf = zeros(81,1);
- for m = -40 : 40
- for i = 1 : N
- if (m <= xpart(i)) && (xpart(i) < m+1)
- pdf(m+41) = pdf(m+41) + 1;
- end
- end
- end
- figure;
- m = -40 : 40;
- plot(m, pdf / N, 'r');
- hold;
- title('Estimated pdf at k=20');
- disp(['min, max xpart(i) at k = 20: ', num2str(min(xpart)), ', ', num2str(max(xpart))]);
- % Kalman filter pdf
- pdf = (1 / sqrt(P) / sqrt(2*pi)) .* exp(-(m - xhat).^2 / 2 / P);
- plot(m, pdf, 'b');
- legend('Particle filter', 'Kalman filter');
- end
- % Save data in arrays for later plotting
- xArr = [xArr x];
- yArr = [yArr y];
- xhatArr = [xhatArr xhat];
- PArr = [PArr P];
- xhatPartArr = [xhatPartArr xhatPart];
- end
- t = 0 : tf;
- %figure;
- %plot(t, xArr);
- %ylabel('true state');
- figure;
- plot(t, xArr, 'b.', t, xhatPartArr, 'k-');
- set(gca,'FontSize',12); set(gcf,'Color','White');
- xlabel('time step'); ylabel('state');
- legend('True state', 'Particle filter estimate');
- xhatRMS = sqrt((norm(xArr - xhatArr))^2 / tf);
- xhatPartRMS = sqrt((norm(xArr - xhatPartArr))^2 / tf);
- disp(['Kalman filter RMS error = ', num2str(xhatRMS)]);
- disp(['Particle filter RMS error = ', num2str(xhatPartRMS)]);