DEFRAG.C
上传用户:shshsw
上传日期:2007-01-06
资源大小:37k
文件大小:18k
- //====================================================================
- //
- // Defrag.c
- //
- // Copyright (C) 1997 Mark Russinovich
- //
- // This program demonstrates the use of NT 4.0 FAT and NTFS cluster
- // movement File System Control functions.
- //
- //====================================================================
- #include <windows.h>
- #include <stdio.h>
- #include <conio.h>
- #include "defrag.h"
- //--------------------------------------------------------------------
- // D E F I N E S
- //--------------------------------------------------------------------
- //
- // Interval at which output is paused (in lines)
- //
- #define PAUSEINTERVAL 24
- //
- // Size of the buffer we read file mapping information into.
- // The buffer is big enough to hold the 16 bytes that
- // come back at the head of the buffer (the number of entries
- // and the starting virtual cluster), as well as 512 pairs
- // of [virtual cluster, logical cluster] pairs.
- //
- #define FILEMAPSIZE (512+2)
- //
- // Size of the bitmap buffer we pass in. Its large enough to
- // hold information for the 16-byte header that's returned
- // plus the indicated number of bytes, each of which has 8 bits
- // (imagine that!)
- //
- #define BITMAPBYTES 4096
- #define BITMAPSIZE (BITMAPBYTES+2*sizeof(ULONGLONG))
- //
- // Invalid longlong number
- //
- #define LLINVALID ((ULONGLONG) -1)
- //--------------------------------------------------------------------
- // G L O B A L S
- //--------------------------------------------------------------------
- //
- // Handle for the raw volume that was opened
- //
- HANDLE VolumeHandle;
- //
- // Buffer to read file mapping information into
- //
- ULONGLONG FileMap[ FILEMAPSIZE ];
- //
- // Buffer thats passed to bitmap function
- //
- BYTE BitMap[ BITMAPSIZE ];
- //
- // Bit shifting array for efficient processing of the bitmap
- //
- BYTE BitShift[] = { 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, 128 };
- //--------------------------------------------------------------------
- // F U N C T I O N S
- //--------------------------------------------------------------------
- //--------------------------------------------------------------------
- //
- // PrintNtError
- //
- // Translates an NTDLL error code into its text equivalent. This
- // only deals with ones commonly returned by defragmenting FS Control
- // commands.
- //--------------------------------------------------------------------
- void PrintNtError( NTSTATUS Status )
- {
- switch( Status ) {
- case STATUS_SUCCESS:
- printf("STATUS_SUCCESSnn");
- break;
- case STATUS_INVALID_PARAMETER:
- printf("STATUS_INVALID_PARAMETERnn");
- break;
- case STATUS_BUFFER_TOO_SMALL:
- printf("STATUS_BUFFER_TOO_SMALLnn");
- break;
- case STATUS_ALREADY_COMMITTED:
- printf("STATUS_ALREADY_COMMITTEDnn");
- break;
- case STATUS_INVALID_DEVICE_REQUEST:
- printf("STATUS_INVALID_DEVICE_REQUESTnn");
- break;
- default:
- printf("0x%08xnn", Status );
- break;
- }
- }
- //--------------------------------------------------------------------
- //
- // PrintWin32Error
- //
- // Translates a Win32 error into a text equivalent
- //
- //--------------------------------------------------------------------
- void PrintWin32Error( DWORD ErrorCode )
- {
- LPVOID lpMsgBuf;
-
- FormatMessage( FORMAT_MESSAGE_ALLOCATE_BUFFER | FORMAT_MESSAGE_FROM_SYSTEM,
- NULL, ErrorCode,
- MAKELANGID(LANG_NEUTRAL, SUBLANG_DEFAULT),
- (LPTSTR) &lpMsgBuf, 0, NULL );
- printf("%sn", lpMsgBuf );
- LocalFree( lpMsgBuf );
- }
- //--------------------------------------------------------------------
- //
- // PrintHelp
- //
- //--------------------------------------------------------------------
- void PrintHelp()
- {
- printf("nCommands:nn");
- printf("Dump bitmap free clusters:n");
- printf(" b [offset]n");
- printf("Enumerate clusters of file:n");
- printf(" n [filename]n");
- printf("Move clusters:n");
- printf(" m [file] [off] [tgt] [numclust]n");
- printf("Quit:n");
- printf(" qn");
- printf("n");
- }
- //--------------------------------------------------------------------
- //
- // PauseOutput
- //
- // After n lines have printed, stop and wait for the user to continue.
- // 'q' causes the function to return false.
- //
- //--------------------------------------------------------------------
- BOOL PauseOutput( DWORD Count )
- {
- char key;
- if( !(Count % PAUSEINTERVAL )) {
- printf("more ('q' to quit): ");
- fflush(stdout);
- key = getch();
- printf("n");
- if( key == 'q' ) {
- printf("nEnumeration aborted.nn");
- return FALSE;
- }
- }
- return TRUE;
- }
- //--------------------------------------------------------------------
- //
- // OpenVolume
- //
- // Open the volume for defragging, a flag that is new for NT 4.0.
- //
- //--------------------------------------------------------------------
- DWORD OpenVolume( int DriveId )
- {
- static char volumeName[] = "\\.\A:";
- //
- // open the volume
- //
- volumeName[4] = DriveId + 'A';
- VolumeHandle = CreateFile( volumeName, GENERIC_READ,
- FILE_SHARE_READ|FILE_SHARE_WRITE, NULL, OPEN_EXISTING,
- 0, 0 );
- if( VolumeHandle == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE ) {
- return GetLastError();
- }
- return ERROR_SUCCESS;
- }
- //--------------------------------------------------------------------
- //
- // DumpBitmap
- //
- // Start at the offset specified (if any) and dumps all the free
- // clusters on the volume to the end of the volume or until
- // the user stops the dump with a 'q'.
- //
- //--------------------------------------------------------------------
- void DumpBitmap( char *argument )
- {
- DWORD status;
- PBITMAP_DESCRIPTOR bitMappings;
- ULONGLONG cluster;
- ULONGLONG numFree;
- ULONGLONG startLcn;
- ULONGLONG nextLcn;
- ULONGLONG lastLcn;
- IO_STATUS_BLOCK ioStatus;
- ULONGLONG i;
- int lines;
- //
- // Start scanning at the cluster offset the user specifies
- //
- bitMappings = (PBITMAP_DESCRIPTOR) BitMap;
- cluster = 0;
- nextLcn = 0;
- lines = 0;
- lastLcn = LLINVALID;
- sscanf( argument, " %I64d ", &nextLcn );
- while( !(status = NtFsControlFile( VolumeHandle, NULL, NULL, 0, &ioStatus,
- FSCTL_GET_VOLUME_BITMAP,
- &nextLcn, sizeof( cluster ),
- bitMappings, BITMAPSIZE )) ||
- status == STATUS_BUFFER_OVERFLOW ||
- status == STATUS_PENDING ) {
- //
- // If the operation is pending, wait for it to finish
- //
- if( status == STATUS_PENDING ) {
-
- WaitForSingleObject( VolumeHandle, INFINITE );
-
- //
- // Get the status from the status block
- //
- if( ioStatus.Status != STATUS_SUCCESS &&
- ioStatus.Status != STATUS_BUFFER_OVERFLOW ) {
- printf("nGet Volume Bitmap: ");
- PrintNtError( ioStatus.Status );
- return;
- }
- }
- //
- // Print the range we're starting at
- //
- if( !lines ) {
-
- printf("nFree clusters starting at offset: %I64dn",
- bitMappings->StartLcn );
- }
- //
- // Scan through the returned bitmap info, looking for empty clusters
- //
- startLcn = bitMappings->StartLcn;
- numFree = 0;
- cluster = LLINVALID;
- for( i = 0; i < min( bitMappings->ClustersToEndOfVol, 8*BITMAPBYTES); i++ ) {
- if( !(bitMappings->Map[ i/8 ] & BitShift[ i % 8 ])) {
- //
- // Cluster is free
- //
- if( cluster == LLINVALID ) {
- cluster = startLcn + i;
- numFree = 1;
- } else {
- numFree++;
- }
- } else {
- //
- // Cluster is not free
- //
- if( cluster != LLINVALID ) {
-
- if( lastLcn == cluster ) {
- lastLcn = LLINVALID;
- } else {
- //
- // See if we should continue
- //
- if( !PauseOutput( ++lines ) ) {
-
- return;
- }
- printf(" LCN: %I64d LEN: %I64dn", cluster, numFree );
- numFree = 0;
- lastLcn = cluster;
- cluster = LLINVALID;
- }
- }
- }
- }
- //
- // See if we should continue
- //
- if( !PauseOutput( ++lines ) ) {
-
- return;
- }
- //
- // Print any remaining
- //
- if( cluster != LLINVALID && lastLcn != cluster ) {
-
- printf(" LCN: %I64d LEN: %I64dn", cluster, numFree );
- numFree = 0;
- cluster = LLINVALID;
- }
- //
- // End of volume?
- //
- if( status != STATUS_BUFFER_OVERFLOW ) {
- printf("End of volume.nn");
- return;
- }
- //
- // Move to the next block
- //
- nextLcn = bitMappings->StartLcn + i;
- }
- //
- // We only get here when there's an error
- //
- printf("nGet Volume Bitmap: ");
- PrintNtError( status );
- }
- //--------------------------------------------------------------------
- //
- // DumpFile
- //
- // Dumps the clusters belonging to the specified file until the
- // end of the file or the user stops the dump.
- //
- //--------------------------------------------------------------------
- void DumpFile( int drive, char *argument )
- {
- DWORD status;
- int i;
- HANDLE sourceFile;
- char fileName[MAX_PATH];
- IO_STATUS_BLOCK ioStatus;
- ULONGLONG startVcn;
- PGET_RETRIEVAL_DESCRIPTOR fileMappings;
- int lines = 0;
- //
- // Make the name into a real pathname
- //
- if( strlen( argument ) > 1 && argument[0] != '\' &&
- argument[0] != 'A'+drive &&
- argument[0] != 'a'+drive )
- sprintf(fileName, "%C:\%s", drive+'A', argument );
- else if( strlen( argument ) > 1 && argument[0] == '\')
- sprintf(fileName, "%C:%s", drive+'A', argument );
- else
- strcpy(fileName, argument );
- printf("nClusters for file: %sn", fileName );
- //
- // Open the file
- //
- sourceFile = CreateFile( fileName, GENERIC_READ,
- FILE_SHARE_READ|FILE_SHARE_WRITE, NULL, OPEN_EXISTING,
- FILE_FLAG_NO_BUFFERING, 0 );
- if( sourceFile == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE ) {
- printf("Failed to open file: ");
- PrintWin32Error( GetLastError() );
- return;
- }
- //
- // Start dumping the mapping information. Go until we hit the end of the
- // file.
- //
- startVcn = 0;
- fileMappings = (PGET_RETRIEVAL_DESCRIPTOR) FileMap;
- while( !(status = NtFsControlFile( sourceFile, NULL, NULL, 0, &ioStatus,
- FSCTL_GET_RETRIEVAL_POINTERS,
- &startVcn, sizeof( startVcn ),
- fileMappings, FILEMAPSIZE * sizeof(LARGE_INTEGER) ) ) ||
- status == STATUS_BUFFER_OVERFLOW ||
- status == STATUS_PENDING ) {
- //
- // If the operation is pending, wait for it to finish
- //
- if( status == STATUS_PENDING ) {
-
- WaitForSingleObject( sourceFile, INFINITE );
- //
- // Get the status from the status block
- //
- if( ioStatus.Status != STATUS_SUCCESS &&
- ioStatus.Status != STATUS_BUFFER_OVERFLOW ) {
- printf("Enumerate file clusters: ");
- PrintNtError( ioStatus.Status );
- return;
- }
- }
- //
- // Loop through the buffer of number/cluster pairs, printing them
- // out.
- //
- startVcn = fileMappings->StartVcn;
- for( i = 0; i < (ULONGLONG) fileMappings->NumberOfPairs; i++ ) {
- //
- // See if we should continue
- //
- if( !PauseOutput( ++lines ) ) {
-
- return;
- }
- //
- // On NT 4.0, a compressed virtual run (0-filled) is
- // identified with a cluster offset of -1
- //
- if( fileMappings->Pair[i].Lcn == LLINVALID ) {
- printf(" VCN: %I64d VIRTUAL LEN: %I64dn",
- startVcn, fileMappings->Pair[i].Vcn - startVcn );
- } else {
- printf(" VCN: %I64d LCN: %I64d LEN: %I64dn",
- startVcn, fileMappings->Pair[i].Lcn,
- fileMappings->Pair[i].Vcn - startVcn );
- }
- startVcn = fileMappings->Pair[i].Vcn;
- }
- //
- // If the buffer wasn't overflowed, then we're done
- //
- if( !status ) break;
- }
- CloseHandle( sourceFile );
- //
- // Print any error code
- //
- printf("Enumerate file clusters: ");
- PrintNtError( status );
- }
- //--------------------------------------------------------------------
- //
- // MoveClusterUsage
- //
- // Prints the syntax of the demonstration program's move file command.
- //
- //--------------------------------------------------------------------
- void MoveClusterUsage()
- {
- printf("nMove File's syntax is:n m [filename] [fileoffset] [target] [numclusters]nn");
- printf("Example:n m c:\foo\bar 5 3455 10n");
- printf(" c:\foo\bar File to moven");
- printf(" 5 Start offset (in clusters) of the cluster in file to moven");
- printf(" 3455 Target cluster on driven");
- printf(" 10 Number of clusters to moven");
- printf("n This would direct 10 clusters, starting at offset 5 clustersn"
- " in the file, to be moved to logical cluster 3455 on the volume.nn");
- return;
- }
- //--------------------------------------------------------------------
- //
- // MoveCluster
- //
- // This uses the FSCT_MOVE_FILE interface to move the clusters of a
- // file specified by the user as arguments. MoveFile requires a
- // file handle, an offset within the file, the number of sectors of
- // the file to move, and the target cluster on the drive to move the
- // clusters to.
- //
- //--------------------------------------------------------------------
- void MoveCluster( int drive, char *argument )
- {
- DWORD status;
- IO_STATUS_BLOCK ioStatus;
- char *argptr;
- HANDLE sourceFile;
- char fileName[MAX_PATH];
- LARGE_INTEGER startVcn, targetLcn;
- DWORD numClusters;
- MOVEFILE_DESCRIPTOR moveFile;
- //
- // First, we have to extract the file name
- //
- argptr = argument;
- while( *argptr && *argptr != ' ' ) argptr++;
- if( !*argptr ) {
- MoveClusterUsage();
- return;
- }
- //
- // Make the name into a real pathname
- //
- *argptr = 0;
- if( strlen( argument ) > 1 && argument[0] != '\' &&
- argument[0] != 'A'+drive &&
- argument[0] != 'a'+drive )
- sprintf(fileName, "%C:\%s", drive+'A', argument );
- else if( strlen( argument ) > 1 && argument[0] == '\')
- sprintf(fileName, "%C:%s", drive+'A', argument );
- else
- strcpy(fileName, argument );
- //
- // Get numeric parameters
- //
- argument = argptr+1;
- if( sscanf( argument, " %I64d %I64d %d ", &startVcn, &targetLcn, &numClusters ) != 3) {
- MoveClusterUsage();
- return;
- }
-
- //
- // Tell user what we're going to try
- //
- printf("nMoving file %s:n", fileName );
- printf(" Start Offset: %I64dn", startVcn );
- printf(" Number of Clusters: %dn", numClusters );
- printf(" Target Cluster: %I64dn", targetLcn );
- //
- // Open the file
- //
- sourceFile = CreateFile( fileName, GENERIC_READ,
- FILE_SHARE_READ|FILE_SHARE_WRITE, NULL, OPEN_EXISTING,
- FILE_FLAG_NO_BUFFERING, 0 );
- if( sourceFile == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE ) {
- printf("Failed to open file: ");
- PrintWin32Error( GetLastError() );
- return;
- }
- //
- // Setup movefile descriptor and make the call
- //
- moveFile.FileHandle = sourceFile;
- moveFile.StartVcn = startVcn;
- moveFile.TargetLcn = targetLcn;
- moveFile.NumVcns = numClusters;
- status = NtFsControlFile( VolumeHandle, NULL, NULL, 0, &ioStatus,
- FSCTL_MOVE_FILE,
- &moveFile, sizeof( moveFile ),
- NULL, 0 );
- //
- // If the operation is pending, wait for it to finish
- //
- if( status == STATUS_PENDING ) {
-
- WaitForSingleObject( sourceFile, INFINITE );
- status = ioStatus.Status;
- }
- //
- // Print status
- //
- printf("Move cluster status: ");
- PrintNtError( status );
- }
- //--------------------------------------------------------------------
- //
- // ExtractCommand
- //
- // Given a command line, searches for 1 character command, and then
- // returns a pointer to first non-whitespace following.
- //
- //--------------------------------------------------------------------
- char ExtractCommand( char *command, char **argument )
- {
- char cmdChar;
- //
- // Look for the command character
- //
- while( *command && *command == ' ') command++;
- if( !*command) return (char) 0;
- cmdChar = *command;
- command++;
- //
- // Now look for argument
- //
- while( *command && *command == ' ' ) command++;
- *argument = command;
- return cmdChar;
- }
- //--------------------------------------------------------------------
- //
- // main
- //
- // Process simple commands for enumerating the clusters of a file,
- // reading the volume bitmap, and moving a cluster of a particular
- // file.
- //
- //--------------------------------------------------------------------
- int main( int argc, char *argv[])
- {
- DWORD status;
- int drive;
- char command[256];
- char *argument;
- char cmdChar;
- //
- // Get the drive to open off the command line
- //
- if( argc != 2) {
- printf("Usage: %s <drive letter>n", argv[0] );
- exit(1);
- }
- printf("nNT 4.0 Defragmentation Demonstration Program V1.0n");
- printf("Copyright (C) 1997 Mark Russinovichn");
- printf("http://www.ntinternals.comnn");
- if( argv[1][0] >= 'a' && argv[1][0] <= 'z' ) {
- drive = argv[1][0] - 'a';
- } else if( argv[1][0] >= 'A' && argv[1][0] <= 'Z' ) {
- drive = argv[1][0] - 'A';
- } else if( argv[1][0] == '/' ) {
- printf("Usage: %s <drive letter>n", argv[0] );
- exit(1);
- } else {
- printf("illegal drive: %cn", argv[1][0] );
- exit(1);
- }
- //
- // Get the NtFsControlFile entry point
- //
- if( !(NtFsControlFile = (void *) GetProcAddress( GetModuleHandle("ntdll.dll"),
- "NtFsControlFile" )) ) {
- printf("Could not find NtFsControlFile entry point in NTDLL.DLLn");
- exit(1);
- }
- //
- // Open the volume
- //
- printf("Opening volume: %cn", drive+'A' );
- status = OpenVolume(drive);
- printf("Open status: ");
- PrintWin32Error( status );
- if( status != ERROR_SUCCESS ) {
- printf("Exiting.n");
- exit(0);
- }
- //
- // Get commands
- //
- printf("Enter commands ('?' for help):nn");
- while(1) {
- printf(": ");
- fflush(stdout );
- gets( command );
- cmdChar = ExtractCommand( command, &argument );
- switch( cmdChar ) {
- //
- // Dump bitmap information
- //
- case 'b':
- case 'B':
- DumpBitmap( argument );
- break;
- //
- // Help
- //
- case '?':
- case 'H':
- case 'h':
- PrintHelp();
- break;
- //
- // Move Cluster
- //
- case 'm':
- case 'M':
- MoveCluster( drive, argument );
- break;
- //
- // Get cluster map for file specified by name
- //
- case 'N':
- case 'n':
- DumpFile( drive, argument );
- break;
- //
- // Quit
- //
- case 'Q':
- case 'q':
- printf("nQuitingn");
- exit(0);
- break;
- case 0:
- break;
- default:
- printf("nInvalid commandnn");
- break;
- }
- }
-
- return 0;
- }