README
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上传日期:2007-01-06
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- Cdrdao - Write audio/data CD-Rs in disk-at-once mode
- ===============================================================================
- This file contains some additional information. See the manual page for usage
- of the tool.
- Please use the write simulation mode (command 'simulate') when trying this
- program the first time on your system. This will detect problems or
- incompatibilities without wasting a CD-recordable. Note that you may have to
- eject and reinsert the CD-R after simulation before a real write can start.
- Drivers
- -------
- The following driver IDs may be used with option '--driver'. It is possible
- to specify option bits which modify the behavior of the driver. Global
- and driver specific options are available. Options flags can be combined
- by logical 'or' and appended to the '--driver' option, e.g.
- '--driver plextor-scan:0x03'.
- Global Option Bits:
- read-toc/read-cd related:
- 0x00010000: Use the generic method to read the TOC of a CD for commands
- 'read-toc' and 'read-cd'. If this flag is selected multi
- session disks will not be handled properly but some drives
- do not work with the currently implemented method for
- reading the TOC of a specific session.
- 0x00020000: If the byte order of the audio data retrieved with
- 'read-cd' is wrong (i.e. not big endian samples) use
- this option.
- 0x00040000: Use this option if your drive cannot read audio data
- from the first track's pre-gap. You will get read error
- messages in this case which should vanish if this option
- is used.
- Available Drivers:
- plextor
- Supports CD structure analysis (command 'read-toc') for Plextor CD-ROM
- readers. Pre-gaps and index marks are detected by performing a binary
- search over the Q sub-channel for each track. This method is fast and
- gives very exact results on Plextor drives. The driver uses generic
- SCSI commands (PLAY AUDIO and READ SUB-CHANNEL) so it may work on other
- models, too, but result and speed is directly correlated to the digital
- audio extraction capabilities.
- Option Bits:
- read-toc/read-cd related:
- 0x00000001: Force usage of the paranoia method for audio extraction
- instead of the special Plextor method that is used
- with Plextor drives.
- 0x00000002: Use the READ10 command to read audio data instead of
- the vendor specific READ CDDA command.
- Only used if the paranoia DAE method is selected.
- plextor-scan
- This is an alternate driver for CD structure analysis with Plextor
- drives. It scans the Q sub-channels of a track linearly like the
- 'generic-mmc' driver but is faster on Plextor drives.
- Option Bits:
- read-toc/read-cd related:
- 0x00000001: Read 16 bytes PQ sub-channel instead of 96 byte
- raw P-W sub-channel data. If 'read-toc' fails on
- your drive try to select this options.
-
- 0x00000002: Only used if option '0x00000001' is selected. If set
- the read PQ sub-channel data is expected to contain
- BCD instead of HEX values. If the time count that
- is displayed while running 'read-toc' jumps you will
- have to toggle this option.
- 0x00000004: Do not take ISRC code from the sub-channel data but use
- the appropriate SCSI command for reading the ISRC
- code. This option is automatically selected if 16
- byte PQ sub-channel data with HEX values is used.
- cdd2600
- This is a native driver for the Philips CDD2000/CDD2600 drive family.
- 'read-toc' is implemented like in the 'plextor' driver but it is slow
- and not very exact due to poor digital audio extraction capabilities of
- these drives. Anyway, I don't recommend doing CD structure analysis with
- the CDD2x00 because it stresses the mechanism too much.
- generic-mmc
- This is a driver for SCSI-3/mmc compatible CD-recorders that support
- session-at-once (cue sheet based) writing. Most of the recent drives
- should be compatible with this or with the 'generic-mmc-raw' driver
- described below. Data track support is also available.
- 'read-toc' scans linearly the Q sub-channel of each track to retrieve
- the pre-gap length and index marks. This method is very accurate but
- takes the same time like digital audio extraction. It should also work
- with recent CD-ROM readers.
- Option Bits:
- read-toc/read-cd related:
- 0x00000001: See 'plextor-scan'.
-
- 0x00000002: See 'plextor-scan'.
- 0x00000004: See 'plextor-scan'.
- 0x00000008: Try to retrieve the media catalog number by scanning
- the sub-channels instead of using the appropriate
- SCSI command. This might be an option if the CD-R/CD-ROM
- drive does not extract the catalog number otherwise.
- Note: A media catalog number need not be present on
- on a CD.
- 0x00000020: Use this option if the drive cannot read sub-channel
- data along with audio data. A binary search method for
- pre-gap and index mark extraction will be selected in
- this case which has to play a sector before the
- sub-channel data can be retrieved.
- If 'read-toc'/'read-cd' works only with this option
- you should consider to use '--fast-toc' since the
- data retrieved with the binary search method is usually
- not very reliable and not worth the additional time.
-
- writing related:
- 0x00000010: Drive supports CD-TEXT writing.
- generic-mmc-raw
- This is an alternate driver for SCSI-3/mmc compatible CD-recorders.
- It uses the raw writing interface where the driver has to provide the
- PQ sub-channel data in addition to the audio data. This writing mode
- allows using part of the lead-out area for audio data since the drive's
- firmware has no chance to prevent this. Of course, you will get some
- error message at the end of writing when the CD-R capacity is exhausted.
- CD structure analysis is done like in the 'generic-mmc' driver.
- Option Bits:
- See 'generic-mmc' but CD-TEXT writing is not supported.
- ricoh-mp6200
- Supports writing with the Ricoh MP6200S CD recorder.
- CD structure analysis is done like in the 'generic-mmc' driver.
- sony-cdu920
- Driver for the Sony CDU920 recorder. Audio and data tracks are supported.
- The Sony CDU948 recorder will work with this driver, too. Use option
- '--speed 0' to get the full writing speed.
- 'read-toc' uses the Q sub-channel scanning method.
- sony-cdu948
- Driver for the Sony CDU948 recorder. It extends the 'sony-cdu920' driver
- by CD-TEXT writing and multi session mode.
- taiyo-yuden
- This is an adapted 'cdd2600' driver for Taiyo-Yuden recorders.
- 'read-toc' is done with 'plextor' method.
- teac-cdr55
- Driver for the Teac CD-R55 recorder. Audio and data tracks are supported.
- 'read-toc' uses the Q sub-channel scanning method.
- yamaha-cdr10x
- Driver for the Yamaha CDR10X recorder series that supports audio and
- data tracks. 'read-toc' uses the Q sub-channel scanning method.
- SCSI Device
- -----------
- Cdrdao uses Joerg Schilling's SCSI library. Thus the same SCSI device
- addressing scheme applies as for 'cdrecord'. A SCSI device is addressed
- by a bus/id/lun triple, e.g. '--device 0,2,0' for a device with SCSI ID 2 on
- SCSI bus 0. On some systems it is also possible (sometimes required) to
- specify a device node directly, e.g. '--device /dev/sg0' can be used on
- Linux systems instead of the bus/id/lun triple.
- On Linux systems the generic SCSI device ('/dev/sg?') is required to access
- the CD writer. Try 'cat /proc/devices' to check out if your kernel supports
- the character device 'sg'.
- If not insert the corresponding module ('insmod sg.o') or reconfigure and
- compile the kernel. Cdrdao opens '/dev/cdrecorder' by default which should
- be a link to the appropriate generic SCSI device.
- Digital Audio Extraction
- ------------------------
- The digital audio extraction is done with the help of Monty's paranoia
- library except the 'plextor' driver which uses a special method for Plextor
- drives. If you want to use the paranoia mode with the 'plextor' driver you
- will have to use option '--driver plextor:0x1'.
- The output file will always contain raw signed 16 bit audio samples
- with MSB-LSB (big endian) byte order. If the byte order of the output
- file is not MSB-LSB you will have to use the driver option '0x20000',
- e.g. '--driver plextor:0x20000'. Please do not try to use '--swap' for
- writing in this case because the byte order of the audio samples that are fed
- to the paranoia library is wrong, too, which will cause malfunction of the
- paranoia library routines.
- Even if you specify a file name with a ".wav" extension the resulting
- file will be a raw audio file without any header.
- 'read-cd' and 'copy' will read the first track's pre-gap, too. If your drive
- cannot access these audio sectors which is usually indicated by read errors
- you will have to use driver option 0x40000.
- Currently, cdrdao does not support as many CD-ROM drives as cdparanoia. If
- audio extraction works with cdparanoia but not with cdrdao please send me
- a log of a 'cdparanoia -v' run and I will implement the required access
- command.
- CD-TEXT Writing
- ---------------
- CD-TEXT data is read with 'read-toc' or 'read-cd' if your drive supports
- it (e.g. Teac CD-532e, HP CD-Writer+ 8100) and will be stored in the toc-file.
- It is also possible to create the CD-TEXT data manually by editing the
- toc-file or by using the xcdrdao GUI.
- If you want to create your own CD-TEXT data be sure to add the fields
- 'TITLE' and 'PERFORMER' to all tracks.
- The directory "testtocs" contains a template toc-file "cdtext.toc".
- Drives Known to Work
- --------------------
- Recorders:
- Model Firmware Rev. Driver Notes
- ----------------------------------------------------------------
- ATAPI CD-R/RW CRW6206A 1.3A generic-mmc-raw
- BTC BCE621E 2.0 generic-mmc-raw
- HP CD-Writer 4020 1.27 cdd2600
- HP CD-Writer 6020 1.07 cdd2600
- HP CD-Writer+ 7100 3.01 generic-mmc-raw
- HP CD-Writer+ 7200 3.01 generic-mmc-raw
- HP CD-Writer+ 7570 1.0a generic-mmc 5
- HP CD-Writer+ 8100 1.0g generic-mmc 5
- HP CD-Writer+ 8200 1.0f generic-mmc 5
- IDE-CD R/RW 2x2x24 1.4 generic-mmc-raw
- IMS CDD2000 1.25,1.26 cdd2600
- MATSHITA CD-R CW-7502 X.14, X.17 generic-mmc 5
- MATSHITA CD-R CW-7503 1.04 generic-mmc
- MATSHITA CD-R CW-7582 1.00, 1.05 generic-mmc
- MEMOREX CD-RW4224 1.17 generic-mmc
- MEMOREX CDRW-2216 1.0b generic-mmc-raw
- MEMOREX CR-622 D4.0 generic-mmc-raw 5
- MEMOREX CRW-1662 D4.0 generic-mmc-raw
- MITSUMI CR-4801 2.02 generic-mmc 2
- MITSUMI CR-4802 1.2B, 1.4D generic-mmc-raw 4
- PANASONIC CD-R CW-7582 1.05 generic-mmc
- PHILIPS CDD2000 1.25 cdd2600
- PHILIPS CDD2600 1.07 cdd2600
- PHILIPS CDD3600 2.00 generic-mmc-raw
- PHILIPS CDD3610 2.02, 3.01 generic-mmc-raw
- PHILIPS OMNIWRITER26 1.20 ricoh-mp6200
- PHILIPS PCA460RW 1.0e generic-mmc
- PLEXTOR CD-R PX-R412 1.04, 1.06, 1.07 generic-mmc
- PLEXTOR CD-R PX-R820 1.03 generic-mmc
- PLEXTOR CD-R PX-W4220 1.01, 1.02 generic-mmc
- RICOH MP6200 2.20, 2.03, 1.20 ricoh-mp6200
- RICOH MP6201 ? ricoh-mp6200
- SAF CD-R2006PLUS 2.05 teac-cdr55
- SAF CD-R4012 6.0J, 6.0L teac-cdr55
- SAF CD-RW 226 1.12 teac-cdr55
- SONY CD-R CDU920 ? sony-cdu920
- SONY CD-R CDU924 1.1d sony-cdu920
- SONY CD-R CDU948 1.0j sony-cdu948 5
- SONY CRX100 ? generic-mmc 5
- T.YUDEN CD-WO EW-50 2.15, 2.16 taiyo-yuden
- TEAC CD-R50 ? teac-cdr55
- TEAC CD-R55 1.0k, 1.0n teac-cdr55
- TEAC CD-R56 ? generic-mmc
- TRAXDATA CDR4120 5.0G, 5.0N teac-cdr55
- TRAXDATA CDRW2260+ 3.01 generic-mmc-raw
- TRAXDATA CDRW4260 1.0f generic-mmc
- TRAXDATA CRW2260 PRO 2.0 generic-mmc-raw
- WAITEC WT4424 1.01 generic-mmc-raw
- WAITEC WT624 7.0F generic-mmc
- YAMAHA CDR100 ? yamaha-cdr10x
- YAMAHA CDR102 1.00, 1.01 yamaha-cdr10x
- YAMAHA CDR200 1.0k generic-mmc
- YAMAHA CDR400 1.0k, 1.0n generic-mmc 1,5
- YAMAHA CRW2260 1.0f generic-mmc
- YAMAHA CRW4260 1.0h, 1.0q generic-mmc 5
- YAMAHA CRW4416 1.0b generic-mmc
- YAMAHA CRW6416 ? generic-mmc
- Readers (command 'read-toc'):
- Model Firmware Rev. Driver Notes
- ----------------------------------------------------------------
- ASUS CD-S400 2.40 generic-mmc
- E-IDE CD-ROM 36X/AKU U23 generic-mmc 3
- HITACHI DVD-ROM GD-2500 A011 plextor
- LITEON CD-ROM ? generic-mmc
- MATSHITA CD-ROM CR-588 LS15 generic-mmc
- MEMOREX CD-233E U10A generic-mmc 6
- NAKAMICH MJ-5.16S 1.07 plextor
- PIONEER CD-ROM DR-U06 1.05 plextor
- PIONEER CD-ROM DR-U12 1.06 plextor
- PIONEER CD-ROM DR-U16 1.06 plextor
- PIONEER DVD-103 1.09, 1.15 generic-mmc
- PIONEER DVD-303 1.09 plextor
- PLEXTOR CD-ROM ? plextor-scan
- SONY CD-ROM ? plextor
- SONY CD-ROM CDU-76 1.1c plextor
- SONY CD-ROM CDU31A-02 ? generic-mmc
- TEAC CD-532E 1.0A generic-mmc
- TEAC CD-ROM CD-532S 1.0A plextor-scan
- TOSHIBA CD-ROM XM-5701TA 0167 plextor
- TOSHIBA CD-ROM XM-6201TA 1037 plextor
- TOSHIBA CD-ROM XM-6302B 1012 generic-mmc
- Notes:
- 1) Writing with firmware revision 1.0i does not work.
- 2) read-toc with plextor driver.
- 3) Sold as Philips PCA36XCD CD-ROM.
- 4) The generic-mmc driver will also work but the firmware seems to create wrong sub-channel data in some cases.
- 5) See notes at the end of this file.
- 6) This drive seems to ignore ISRC Codes and the Catalog Number.
- Pre-compiled Binaries
- ---------------------
- The pre-compiled binaries should work with 2.0.x, 2.1.x and 2.2.x kernels
- (tested with kernel 2.0.33 and 2.2.13). Older kernels may require recompilation
- because of a different maximum message size of the generic SCSI device.
- Example for CD Copying
- ----------------------
- The following command will copy the CD in the source drive specified with
- option '--source-device' to the CD-R/CD-RW inserted in the destination drive
- specified with option '--device'. Only a single session will be copied which
- can be selected with option '--session' (default: 1st session). If you want
- to keep the session open you will have to use option '--multi'.
- cdrdao copy --source-device 0,2,0 --device 0,5,0 --buffers 64
- The option '--buffers' is used to adjust the ring buffer size. Each buffer
- holds 1 second audio data. Dividing the specified number of buffers by the
- writing speed gives the approx. time for which data input my be stalled,
- e.g. 64 buffers and writing at 4x speed results in 16 seconds.
- On the fly copying is selected with option '--on-the-fly'. No intermediate
- data will be stored on the disk in this case.
- If the source CD contains audio tracks and the source drive is slow you should
- consider to reduce the audio extraction quality with option '--paranoia-mode 0'
- or reduce the writing speed to 2x. For '--paranoia-mode 0' you will need a
- perfect CD-ROM drive that can provide an accurate audio stream.
- The standard generic SCSI interface of the Linux kernel cannot handle
- multiple commands in parallel. Since the reading and the writing part of
- cdrdao use the generic SCSI interface mutual blocking will occur. This
- results in low fill rates of cdrdao's ring buffer and very likely
- produces buffer under runs.
- To avoid these problems you should apply Heiko Eissfeldt's sg-buffer
- patch which can be downloaded from:
- ftp://ftp.fokus.gmd.de/pub/unix/cdrecord/alpha/
- It is available for 2.0.x and 2.1.x kernels. For 2.2.x kernels with
- x < 6 the "SG-2.2.tar.gz" patch should be used. Kernel versions >= 2.2.6
- do not need any patch.
-
- I strongly recommend to perform some simulation runs before trying real
- writing.
- Example for composing an audio CD
- ---------------------------------
- Assume three existing audio files 'audio1.wav', 'audio2.wav' and 'audio3.wav'
- that go in three tracks. We do not want a pause between track 1 and 2 (no
- pre-gap). The first 10 seconds of 'audio1.wav' should be used as pre-gap for
- track 3. Here is the toc-file:
- // Track 1
- TRACK AUDIO
- FILE "audio1.wav" 0 // take all audio data from 'audio1.wav', length is taken
- // from file
- // Track 2
- TRACK AUDIO
- FILE "audio2.wav" 0 // take all audio data from 'audio2.wav', length is taken
- // from file, no pre-gap
- // Track 3
- TRACK AUDIO
- FILE "audio1.wav" 0 0:10:0 // take first 10 seconds from 'audio1.wav'
- START // everything before this line goes into the pre-gap
- FILE "audio3.wav" 0 // take all audio data from 'audio3.wav', length is taken
- // from file
- Type 'cdrdao show-toc example.toc' to check for the correct syntax of the
- toc-file. Note that even for the command 'show-toc' the audio files must exist
- if the length of the audio files is not specified like in the example.
- Type 'cdrdao read-test example.toc' to check if all audio files can be read
- without error (optional).
- Type 'cdrdao simulate example.toc' to perform a write simulation (optional).
- Type 'cdrdao write example.toc' to create the audio CD.
- Contact
- -------
- Please report bugs and suggestions to
- Andreas Mueller <mueller@daneb.ping.de>
- Cdrdao Homepage: http://www.ping.de/sites/daneb/cdrdao.html
- http://www.cdrdao.purespace.de/
- Download: http://www.ping.de/sites/daneb/download.html
- http://www.cdrdao.purespace.de/download.html
- Notes about some CD recorder models
- -----------------------------------
- MATSHITA/PANASONIC CW-7502
- This drive will only produce useful disks with the recent firmware
- revision X.17. The X depends on the drive hardware revision.
- Thanks to Jeroen Steenblik <jeroens@esrac.ele.tue.nl> for adapting
- the generic-mmc driver to the CW-7502 recorder. He spend a lot of time
- and wasted many CD-Rs until it was obvious that the pre-X.14
- firmware does not completely comply with the SCSI-3/mmc standard.
- Here are Jeroen's notes for upgrading the firmware:
- The update can be found at the Plasmon technical website,
- http://tech.plasmon.co.uk/, choose 'Download Files' and obtain the
- X.17 firmware for the CDR480. This includes all instructions.
- One thing I might add, when downloading the two files in the sequence
- described in their document, my drive refused the second file. I had
- to reboot after downloading the first file and only then I could download
- the second. Quite scary stuff. Swapping the download sequence should
- prevent this (so I've read).
- MEMOREX CR-622
- Submitted by Bryan E. Chafy <bchafy@ccs.neu.edu>:
- The drive as shipped comes with firmware that does not support DAO.
- The firmware lives on a PROM, it is not flashable.
- You need an EPROM burner, a 27c020 PLCC EPROM, and the
- D4.0 ROM image for the CRW-1622 (can download it from Memorex web site,
- the name of the image is d39e.dat).
- The ROM is socketed at the rear of the drive, you will see it when you
- remove the top cover. Mine had a sticker on it with the numbers E07/885B.
- Note, this is for the CR-622 (and its sister the CDR-622 wearnes drive),
- NOT the CRW-1622. The CRW-1622 drive is flash-upgradeable).
- IMHO, Wearnes/Memorex should be sending us new ROM's free of charge because
- the box clearly states the CR-622 supports DAO.
- The new firmware does not turn the CR-622 into a cd-rw capable drive.
- You can still only burn cd-r media.
- YAMAHA CDR400, CRW4260
- These drives sometimes have problems with writing at 4x speed. The
- resulting disk is hard read for some reason. Disks written at 1x or
- 2x speed are fine. Yamaha's support is aware of this problem. It might
- be related to the actual firmware revision.
- I successfully wrote CD-Rs at 4x speed with a CDR400t and firmware
- revision 1.0k.
- HP CD-Writer+ 75XX, HP CD-Writer+ 8100, SONY CRX100, HP CD-Writer+ 8200
- The firmware restricts the possible disk types in DAO mode to one of
- the following:
-
- o Pure audio CD.
- o Mixed mode CD where the 1st track is a data track followed by at
- least 1 audio track.
- o CD-EXTRA where the 1st session contains only audio tracks and the
- 2nd session contains 1 data track.
-
- Further restrictions:
- o The length of the 1st track's pre-gap is restricted to a certain
- amount.
- o Cue sheets with ISRC codes are rejected of the COPY flag is set.
- This might be fixed in future versions.
- If you want to create a pure data CD you will have to append a dummy
- audio track to the toc-file, e.g. with:
- TRACK AUDIO
- PREGAP 0:2:0
- SILENCE 0:4:0
- SONY CD-R CDU948
- The firmware restricts the possible disk types in DAO mode to one of
- the following:
- o Pure audio CD.
- o Mixed mode CD where the 1st track is a data track followed by at
- least 1 audio track.
- o CD-EXTRA where the 1st session contains only audio tracks and the
- 2nd session contains 1 data track.
-
- The length of the 1st track's pre-gap is restricted to a certain
- amount, too.
- If you want to create a pure data CD you will have to append a dummy
- audio track to the toc-file, e.g. with:
- TRACK AUDIO
- PREGAP 0:2:0
- SILENCE 0:4:0