Geodesic.cs
上传用户:huazai0421
上传日期:2008-05-30
资源大小:405k
文件大小:9k
- using System;
- using ESRI.ArcGIS.Client.Geometry;
- namespace ESRI.ArcGIS.Samples.Extensions
- {
- /// <summary>
- /// Extension methods for geodesic calculations.
- /// </summary>
- public static class Geodesic
- {
- private const double EarthRadius = 6378.137; //kilometers. Change to miles to return all values in miles instead
- /// <summary>
- /// Gets the distance between two points in Kilometers.
- /// </summary>
- /// <param name="start">The start point.</param>
- /// <param name="end">The end point.</param>
- /// <returns></returns>
- public static double GetSphericalDistance(this MapPoint start, MapPoint end)
- {
- double lon1 = start.X / 180 * Math.PI;
- double lon2 = end.X / 180 * Math.PI;
- double lat1 = start.Y / 180 * Math.PI;
- double lat2 = end.Y / 180 * Math.PI;
- return 2 * Math.Asin(Math.Sqrt(Math.Pow((Math.Sin((lat1 - lat2) / 2)) , 2) +
- Math.Cos(lat1) * Math.Cos(lat2) * Math.Pow(Math.Sin((lon1 - lon2) / 2), 2))) * EarthRadius;
- }
- /// <summary>
- /// Returns a polygon with a constant distance from the center point measured on the sphere.
- /// </summary>
- /// <param name="center">The center.</param>
- /// <param name="distKM">Radius in kilometers.</param>
- /// <returns></returns>
- public static Polygon GetRadiusAsPolygon(this MapPoint center, double distKM)
- {
- Polyline line = GetRadius(center, distKM);
- Polygon poly = new Polygon();
-
- if(line.Paths.Count > 1)
- {
- PointCollection ring = line.Paths[0];
- MapPoint last = ring[ring.Count - 1];
- for (int i = 1; i < line.Paths.Count; i++)
- {
- PointCollection pnts = line.Paths[i];
- ring.Add(new MapPoint(180 * Math.Sign(last.X), 90 * Math.Sign(center.Y)));
- last = pnts[0];
- ring.Add(new MapPoint(180 * Math.Sign(last.X), 90 * Math.Sign(center.Y)));
- foreach (MapPoint p in pnts)
- ring.Add(p);
- last = pnts[pnts.Count - 1];
- }
- poly.Rings.Add(ring);
- //pnts.Add(first);
- }
- else
- {
- poly.Rings.Add(line.Paths[0]);
- }
- if (distKM > EarthRadius * Math.PI / 2 && line.Paths.Count != 2)
- {
- PointCollection pnts = new PointCollection();
- pnts.Add(new MapPoint(-180, -90));
- pnts.Add(new MapPoint(180, -90));
- pnts.Add(new MapPoint(180, 90));
- pnts.Add(new MapPoint(-180, 90));
- pnts.Add(new MapPoint(-180, -90));
- poly.Rings.Add(pnts); //Exterior
- }
- return poly;
- }
- /// <summary>
- /// Returns a polyline with a constant distance from the center point measured on the sphere.
- /// </summary>
- /// <param name="center">The center.</param>
- /// <param name="distKM">Radius in kilometers.</param>
- // <returns></returns>
- public static Polyline GetRadius(this MapPoint center, double distKM)
- {
- Polyline line = new Polyline();
- PointCollection pnts = new PointCollection();
- line.Paths.Add(pnts);
- for (int i = 0; i < 360; i++)
- {
- //double angle = i / 180.0 * Math.PI;
- MapPoint p = GetPointFromHeading(center, distKM, i);
- if (pnts.Count > 0)
- {
- MapPoint lastPoint = pnts[pnts.Count - 1];
- int sign = Math.Sign(p.X);
- if (Math.Abs(p.X - lastPoint.X) > 180)
- { //We crossed the date line
- double lat = LatitudeAtLongitude(lastPoint, p, sign * -180);
- pnts.Add(new MapPoint(sign * -180, lat));
- pnts = new PointCollection();
- line.Paths.Add(pnts);
- pnts.Add(new MapPoint(sign * 180, lat));
- }
- }
- pnts.Add(p);
- }
- pnts.Add(line.Paths[0][0]);
- return line;
- }
- /// <summary>
- /// Gets the shortest path line between two points. THe line will be following the great
- /// circle described by the two points.
- /// </summary>
- /// <param name="start">The start point.</param>
- /// <param name="end">The end point.</param>
- /// <returns></returns>
- public static Polyline GetGeodesicLine(this MapPoint start, MapPoint end)
- {
- Polyline line = new Polyline();
- if (Math.Abs(end.X - start.X) <= 180) // Doesn't cross dateline
- {
- PointCollection pnts = GetGeodesicPoints(start, end);
- line.Paths.Add(pnts);
- }
- else
- {
- double lon1 = start.X / 180 * Math.PI;
- double lon2 = end.X / 180 * Math.PI;
- double lat1 = start.Y / 180 * Math.PI;
- double lat2 = end.Y / 180 * Math.PI;
- double latA = LatitudeAtLongitude(lat1, lon1, lat2, lon2, Math.PI) / Math.PI * 180;
- //double latB = LatitudeAtLongitude(lat1, lon1, lat2, lon2, -180) / Math.PI * 180;
- line.Paths.Add(GetGeodesicPoints(start, new MapPoint(start.X < 0 ? -180 : 180, latA)));
- line.Paths.Add(GetGeodesicPoints(new MapPoint(start.X < 0 ? 180 : -180, latA), end));
- }
- return line;
-
- }
- private static PointCollection GetGeodesicPoints(MapPoint start, MapPoint end)
- {
- double lon1 = start.X / 180 * Math.PI;
- double lon2 = end.X / 180 * Math.PI;
- double lat1 = start.Y / 180 * Math.PI;
- double lat2 = end.Y / 180 * Math.PI;
- double dX = end.X - start.X;
- int points = (int)Math.Floor(Math.Abs(dX));
- dX = lon2 - lon1;
- PointCollection pnts = new PointCollection();
- pnts.Add(start);
- for (int i = 1; i < points; i++)
- {
- double lon = lon1 + dX / points * i;
- double lat = LatitudeAtLongitude(lat1, lon1, lat2, lon2, lon);
- pnts.Add(new MapPoint(lon / Math.PI * 180, lat / Math.PI * 180));
- }
- pnts.Add(end);
- return pnts;
- }
- /// <summary>
- /// Gets the latitude at a specific longitude for a great circle defined by p1 and p2.
- /// </summary>
- /// <param name="p1">The p1.</param>
- /// <param name="p2">The p2.</param>
- /// <param name="lon">The longitude in degrees.</param>
- /// <returns></returns>
- private static double LatitudeAtLongitude(MapPoint p1, MapPoint p2, double lon)
- {
- double lon1 = p1.X / 180 * Math.PI;
- double lon2 = p2.X / 180 * Math.PI;
- double lat1 = p1.Y / 180 * Math.PI;
- double lat2 = p2.Y / 180 * Math.PI;
- lon = lon / 180 * Math.PI;
- return LatitudeAtLongitude(lat1, lon1, lat2, lon2, lon) / Math.PI * 180;
- }
- /// <summary>
- /// Gets the latitude at a specific longitude for a great circle defined by lat1,lon1 and lat2,lon2.
- /// </summary>
- /// <param name="lat1">The start latitude in radians.</param>
- /// <param name="lon1">The start longitude in radians.</param>
- /// <param name="lat2">The end latitude in radians.</param>
- /// <param name="lon2">The end longitude in radians.</param>
- /// <param name="lon">The longitude in radians for where the latitude is.</param>
- /// <returns></returns>
- private static double LatitudeAtLongitude(double lat1, double lon1, double lat2, double lon2, double lon)
- {
- return Math.Atan((Math.Sin(lat1) * Math.Cos(lat2) * Math.Sin(lon - lon2)
- - Math.Sin(lat2) * Math.Cos(lat1) * Math.Sin(lon - lon1)) / (Math.Cos(lat1) * Math.Cos(lat2) * Math.Sin(lon1 - lon2)));
- }
- /// <summary>
- /// Gets the true bearing at a distance from the start point towards the new point.
- /// </summary>
- /// <param name="start">The start point.</param>
- /// <param name="end">The point to get the bearing towards.</param>
- /// <param name="distanceKM">The distance in kilometers travelled between start and end.</param>
- /// <returns></returns>
- public static double GetTrueBearing(MapPoint start, MapPoint end, double distanceKM)
- {
- double d = distanceKM / EarthRadius; //Angular distance in radians
- double lon1 = start.X / 180 * Math.PI;
- double lat1 = start.Y / 180 * Math.PI;
- double lon2 = end.X / 180 * Math.PI;
- double lat2 = end.Y / 180 * Math.PI;
- double tc1;
- if (Math.Sin(lon2 - lon1) < 0)
- tc1 = Math.Acos((Math.Sin(lat2) - Math.Sin(lat1) * Math.Cos(d)) / (Math.Sin(d) * Math.Cos(lat1)));
- else
- tc1 = 2 * Math.PI - Math.Acos((Math.Sin(lat2) - Math.Sin(lat1) * Math.Cos(d)) / (Math.Sin(d) * Math.Cos(lat1)));
- return tc1 / Math.PI * 180;
- }
- /// <summary>
- /// Gets the point based on a start point, a heading and a distance.
- /// </summary>
- /// <param name="start">The start.</param>
- /// <param name="distanceKM">The distance KM.</param>
- /// <param name="heading">The heading.</param>
- /// <returns></returns>
- public static MapPoint GetPointFromHeading(MapPoint start, double distanceKM, double heading)
- {
- double brng = heading / 180 * Math.PI;
- double lon1 = start.X / 180 * Math.PI;
- double lat1 = start.Y / 180 * Math.PI;
- double dR = distanceKM / 6378.137; //Angular distance in radians
- double lat2 = Math.Asin(Math.Sin(lat1) * Math.Cos(dR) + Math.Cos(lat1) * Math.Sin(dR) * Math.Cos(brng));
- double lon2 = lon1 + Math.Atan2(Math.Sin(brng) * Math.Sin(dR) * Math.Cos(lat1), Math.Cos(dR) - Math.Sin(lat1) * Math.Sin(lat2));
- double lon = lon2 / Math.PI * 180;
- double lat = lat2 / Math.PI * 180;
- while (lon < -180) lon += 360;
- while (lat < -90) lat += 180;
- while (lon > 180) lon -= 360;
- while (lat > 90) lat -= 180;
- return new MapPoint(lon, lat);
- }
- }
- }