user_locks.doc
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上传日期:2007-01-07
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- User locks, by Massimo Dal Zotto <dz@cs.unitn.it>
- This loadable module, together with my user-lock.patch applied to the
- backend, provides support for user-level long-term cooperative locks.
- For example one can write:
- select some_fields, user_write_lock_oid(oid) from table where id='key';
- Now if the returned user_write_lock_oid field is 1 you have acquired an
- user lock on the oid of the selected tuple and can now do some long operation
- on it, like let the data being edited by the user.
- If it is 0 it means that the lock has been already acquired by some other
- process and you should not use that item until the other has finished.
- Note that in this case the query returns 0 immediately without waiting on
- the lock. This is good if the lock is held for long time.
- After you have finished your work on that item you can do:
- update table set some_fields where id='key';
- select user_write_unlock_oid(oid) from table where id='key';
- You can also ignore the failure and go ahead but this could produce conflicts
- or inconsistent data in your application. User locks require a cooperative
- behavior between users. User locks don't interfere with the normal locks
- used by postgres for transaction processing.
- This could also be done by setting a flag in the record itself but in
- this case you have the overhead of the updates to the records and there
- could be some locks not released if the backend or the application crashes
- before resetting the lock flag.
- It could also be done with a begin/end block but in this case the entire
- table would be locked by postgres and it is not acceptable to do this for
- a long period because other transactions would block completely.
- The generic user locks use two values, group and id, to identify a lock,
- which correspond to ip_posid and ip_blkid of an ItemPointerData.
- Group is a 16 bit value while id is a 32 bit integer which could also be
- an oid. The oid user lock functions, which take only an oid as argument,
- use a group equal to 0.
- The meaning of group and id is defined by the application. The user
- lock code just takes two numbers and tells you if the corresponding
- entity has been succesfully locked. What this mean is up to you.
- My succestion is that you use the group to identify an area of your
- application and the id to identify an object in this area.
- Or you can just lock the oid of the tuples which are by definition unique.
- Note also that a process can acquire more than one lock on the same entity
- and it must release the lock the corresponding number of times. This can
- be done calling the unlock funtion until it returns 0.