DirextX编程

开发平台：
C#

BoundingBody.cs：源码内容
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// Copyright (c) 三峡大学水利与环境学院 肖泽云. All rights reserved.  //
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
using System;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using Microsoft.DirectX;
using Microsoft.DirectX.Direct3D;
namespace 包围盒
{
    public partial class BoundingBody : Form
    {
        Device device = null;//定义绘图设备
        private float angleY=0.01f;//定义绕Y轴旋转变量
        private Vector3 CamPostion = new Vector3(0, 30, -30);//定义摄像机位置
        private Vector3 CamTarget = new Vector3(0, 0, 0);//定义摄像机目标位置
        private int mouseLastX,mouseLastY;//记录鼠标按下时的坐标位置
        private bool isRotateByMouse=false;//记录是否由鼠标控制旋转
        private bool isMoveByMouse = false;//记录是否由鼠标控制移动
        private Material meshMaterials; //定义网格材质对象
        private Mesh meshObj;//定义网格对象
        private Mesh boundingBox;//定义包围盒对象
        private Vector3 minVector, maxVector;//定义包围盒最大和最小向量
        private Mesh boundingSphere;//定义包围球对象
        private Vector3 boundingSphereCenter;//定义包围球球心向量
        private float boundingSphereRadius;//定义包围球半径
        public BoundingBody()
        {
            this.ClientSize = new Size(800, 600);//指定窗体尺寸
            this.Text = "包围盒";//指定窗体标题
        }
        public bool InitializeDirect3D()
        {
            try
            {
                PresentParameters presentParams = new PresentParameters();
                presentParams.Windowed = true; //指定以Windows窗体形式显示
                presentParams.SwapEffect = SwapEffect.Discard; //当前屏幕绘制后它将自动从内存中删除
                presentParams.AutoDepthStencilFormat = DepthFormat.D16;
                presentParams.EnableAutoDepthStencil = true;
                presentParams.PresentationInterval = PresentInterval.Immediate;
                device = new Device(0, DeviceType.Hardware, this, CreateFlags.SoftwareVertexProcessing, presentParams); //实例化device对象
                //定义材质
                meshMaterials = new Material();
                meshMaterials.Diffuse = Color.White;
                meshMaterials.Ambient = Color.White;
                meshMaterials.Specular = Color.LightGray;
                meshMaterials.SpecularSharpness = 15.0F;
                meshObj = Mesh.Teapot(device);//定义茶壶对象
                //获取茶壶模型的包围盒
                /*
                VertexBuffer vertexBuffer=meshObj.VertexBuffer;
                GraphicsStream graphicsStream = vertexBuffer.Lock(0,0, LockFlags.None);
                //Vector3 minVector,maxVector;
                Geometry.ComputeBoundingBox(graphicsStream, meshObj.NumberVertices,meshObj.VertexFormat, out minVector, out maxVector);
                //boundingBox = GetBoundingBox(minVector, maxVector);
                boundingBox = Mesh.Box(device, maxVector.X - minVector.X, maxVector.Y - minVector.Y, maxVector.Z - minVector.Z);
                vertexBuffer.Unlock();
                */
                //获取茶壶模型的包围球
                VertexBuffer vertexBuffer = meshObj.VertexBuffer;
                GraphicsStream graphicsStream = vertexBuffer.Lock(0, 0, LockFlags.None);
                boundingSphereRadius = Geometry.ComputeBoundingSphere(graphicsStream, meshObj.NumberVertices, meshObj.VertexFormat, out boundingSphereCenter);
                boundingSphere = Mesh.Sphere(device, boundingSphereRadius, 20, 20);
                vertexBuffer.Unlock();
                return true;
            }
            catch (DirectXException e)
            {
                MessageBox.Show(e.ToString(), "Error"); //处理异常
                return false;
            }
        }
        //根据包围盒返回的min向量和max向量生成一个长方体包围盒网格
        private Mesh GetBoundingBox(Vector3 min,Vector3 max)
        {
            Mesh returnMeshObject;
            //定义顶点
            CustomVertex.PositionColored[] arrayVertices = new CustomVertex.PositionColored[8];
            //定义索引
            Int16[] arrayIndices = new Int16[36];
            //定义属性
            AttributeRange attributeRange = new AttributeRange();
            //实例化网格对象
            returnMeshObject = new Mesh(arrayIndices.Length / 3, arrayVertices.Length, MeshFlags.SystemMemory, CustomVertex.PositionColored.Format, device);
            //设置顶点坐标值
            arrayVertices[0].Position = new Vector3(min.X,max.Y,min.Z);
            arrayVertices[0].Color = Color.Yellow.ToArgb();
            arrayVertices[1].Position = new Vector3(min.X, max.Y, max.Z);
            arrayVertices[1].Color = Color.Red.ToArgb();
            arrayVertices[2].Position = new Vector3(max.X, max.Y, max.Z);
            arrayVertices[2].Color = Color.Green.ToArgb();
            arrayVertices[3].Position = new Vector3(max.X, max.Y, min.Z);
            arrayVertices[3].Color = Color.Gold.ToArgb();
            arrayVertices[4].Position = new Vector3(min.X, min.Y, min.Z);
            arrayVertices[4].Color = Color.GhostWhite.ToArgb();
            arrayVertices[5].Position = new Vector3(min.X, min.Y, max.Z);
            arrayVertices[5].Color = Color.LightPink.ToArgb();
            arrayVertices[6].Position = new Vector3(max.X, min.Y, max.Z);
            arrayVertices[6].Color = Color.Maroon.ToArgb();
            arrayVertices[7].Position = new Vector3(max.X, min.Y, min.Z);
            //设置索引,顶部三角形
            arrayIndices[0] = 0; arrayIndices[1] = 1; arrayIndices[2] = 3;
            arrayIndices[3] = 3; arrayIndices[4] = 1; arrayIndices[5] = 2;
            //周围三角形
            arrayIndices[6] = 4; arrayIndices[7] = 0; arrayIndices[8] = 7;
            arrayIndices[9] = 7; arrayIndices[10] = 0; arrayIndices[11] = 3;
            arrayIndices[12] = 7; arrayIndices[13] = 3; arrayIndices[14] = 6;
            arrayIndices[15] = 6; arrayIndices[16] = 3; arrayIndices[17] = 2;
            arrayIndices[18] = 6; arrayIndices[19] = 2; arrayIndices[20] = 5;
            arrayIndices[21] = 5; arrayIndices[22] = 2; arrayIndices[23] = 1;
            arrayIndices[24] = 5; arrayIndices[25] = 1; arrayIndices[26] = 4;
            arrayIndices[27] = 4; arrayIndices[28] = 1; arrayIndices[29] = 0;
            //底部三角形
            arrayIndices[30] = 5; arrayIndices[31] = 4; arrayIndices[32] = 7;
            arrayIndices[33] = 7; arrayIndices[34] = 6; arrayIndices[35] = 5;
            //设置属性
            attributeRange.AttributeId = 0;
            attributeRange.FaceStart = 0;
            attributeRange.FaceCount = arrayIndices.Length / 3;
            attributeRange.VertexStart = 0;
            attributeRange.VertexCount = arrayVertices.Length;
            //设置网格对象的索引缓冲和顶点缓冲数据
            returnMeshObject.VertexBuffer.SetData(arrayVertices, 0, LockFlags.None);
            returnMeshObject.IndexBuffer.SetData(arrayIndices, 0, LockFlags.None);
            returnMeshObject.SetAttributeTable(new AttributeRange[] { attributeRange });
            return returnMeshObject;
        }
        public void Render()
        {
            if (device == null)   //如果device为空则不渲染
            {
                return;
            }
            SetUpCamera();
            device.Clear(ClearFlags.Target | ClearFlags.ZBuffer, Color.DarkSlateBlue, 1.0f, 0);  //清除windows界面为深蓝色
            device.BeginScene();
            //在此添加渲染图形代码
            //灯光设置            
            device.RenderState.Lighting = true;
            device.Lights[0].Type = LightType.Directional;
            device.Lights[0].Diffuse = System.Drawing.Color.Red;
            device.Lights[0].Direction = new Vector3(-1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f);
            device.Lights[0].Enabled = true; //打开灯光
            device.Lights[1].Type = LightType.Directional;
            device.Lights[1].Diffuse = System.Drawing.Color.Green;
            device.Lights[1].Direction = new Vector3(1f, -1.0f, 1.0f);
            device.Lights[1].Enabled = true; //打开灯光            
            device.RenderState.Ambient = Color.SlateGray;
            
            device.RenderState.CullMode = Cull.None;
            //设置当前材质
            device.Material = meshMaterials;
            //以实体形式绘制茶壶模型
            device.RenderState.FillMode = FillMode.Solid;
            meshObj.DrawSubset(0);
            //以线框形式绘制茶壶包围盒模型
            /*
            device.RenderState.FillMode = FillMode.WireFrame;
            Matrix origiWorld = device.Transform.World;
            device.Transform.World = Matrix.Translation(Vector3.Scale(Vector3.Add(minVector, maxVector), 0.5f));
            boundingBox.DrawSubset(0);
            device.Transform.World = origiWorld;
             */
            //以线框形式绘制茶壶包围球模型
            device.RenderState.FillMode = FillMode.WireFrame;
            Matrix origiWorld = device.Transform.World;
            device.Transform.World = Matrix.Translation(boundingSphereCenter);
            boundingSphere.DrawSubset(0);
            device.Transform.World = origiWorld;
            device.EndScene();
            device.Present();
        }
        private void SetUpCamera()//摄像机
        {
            Matrix viewMatrix = Matrix.LookAtLH(CamPostion, CamTarget, new Vector3(0, 1, 0));
            device.Transform.Projection = Matrix.PerspectiveFovLH((float)Math.PI / 4, this.Width / this.Height, 0.3f, 500f);
            device.Transform.View = viewMatrix;
        }
        protected override void OnKeyDown(KeyEventArgs e)
        {
            Vector4 tempV4;
            Matrix currentView = device.Transform.View;//当前摄像机的视图矩阵
            switch (e.KeyCode)
            {
                case Keys.Left:
                    CamPostion.Subtract(CamTarget);
                    tempV4 = Vector3.Transform(CamPostion, Matrix.RotationQuaternion(
                            Quaternion.RotationAxis(new Vector3(currentView.M12, currentView.M22, currentView.M32), -angleY)));
                    CamPostion.X = tempV4.X + CamTarget.X;
                    CamPostion.Y = tempV4.Y + CamTarget.Y;
                    CamPostion.Z = tempV4.Z + CamTarget.Z;
                    break;
                case Keys.Right:
                    CamPostion.Subtract(CamTarget);
                    tempV4 = Vector3.Transform(CamPostion, Matrix.RotationQuaternion(
                            Quaternion.RotationAxis(new Vector3(currentView.M12, currentView.M22, currentView.M32), angleY)));
                    CamPostion.X = tempV4.X + CamTarget.X;
                    CamPostion.Y = tempV4.Y + CamTarget.Y;
                    CamPostion.Z = tempV4.Z + CamTarget.Z;
                    break;
                case Keys.Up:
                    CamPostion.Subtract(CamTarget);
                    tempV4 = Vector3.Transform(CamPostion, Matrix.RotationQuaternion(
                       Quaternion.RotationAxis(new Vector3(device.Transform.View.M11
                       , device.Transform.View.M21, device.Transform.View.M31), -angleY)));
                    CamPostion.X = tempV4.X + CamTarget.X;
                    CamPostion.Y = tempV4.Y + CamTarget.Y;
                    CamPostion.Z = tempV4.Z + CamTarget.Z;
                    break;
                case Keys.Down:
                    CamPostion.Subtract(CamTarget);
                    tempV4 = Vector3.Transform(CamPostion, Matrix.RotationQuaternion(
                       Quaternion.RotationAxis(new Vector3(device.Transform.View.M11
                       , device.Transform.View.M21, device.Transform.View.M31), angleY)));
                    CamPostion.X = tempV4.X + CamTarget.X;
                    CamPostion.Y = tempV4.Y + CamTarget.Y;
                    CamPostion.Z = tempV4.Z + CamTarget.Z;
                    break;
                case Keys.Add:
                    CamPostion.Subtract(CamTarget);
                    CamPostion.Scale(0.95f);
                    CamPostion.Add(CamTarget);
                    break;
                case Keys.Subtract:
                    CamPostion.Subtract(CamTarget);
                    CamPostion.Scale(1.05f);
                    CamPostion.Add(CamTarget);
                    break;
            }
            Matrix viewMatrix = Matrix.LookAtLH(CamPostion, CamTarget, new Vector3(0, 1, 0));
            device.Transform.View = viewMatrix;
        }
        protected override void OnMouseDown(MouseEventArgs e)
        {
            if (e.Button == MouseButtons.Left)
            {
                mouseLastX = e.X;
                mouseLastY = e.Y;
                isRotateByMouse = true;
            }
            else if (e.Button == MouseButtons.Middle)
            {
                mouseLastX = e.X;
                mouseLastY = e.Y;
                isMoveByMouse=true;
            }
        }
        
        protected override void OnMouseUp(MouseEventArgs e)
        {
            isRotateByMouse = false;
            isMoveByMouse = false;
        }
        protected override void OnMouseMove(MouseEventArgs e)
        {
            if (isRotateByMouse)
            {
                Matrix currentView = device.Transform.View;//当前摄像机的视图矩阵
                float tempAngleY = 2 * (float)(e.X - mouseLastX) / this.Width;
                CamPostion.Subtract(CamTarget);
                Vector4 tempV4 = Vector3.Transform(CamPostion, Matrix.RotationQuaternion(
                    Quaternion.RotationAxis(new Vector3(currentView.M12, currentView.M22, currentView.M32), tempAngleY)));
                CamPostion.X = tempV4.X;
                CamPostion.Y = tempV4.Y;
                CamPostion.Z = tempV4.Z;
                float tempAngleX = 4 * (float)(e.Y - mouseLastY) / this.Height;
                tempV4 = Vector3.Transform(CamPostion, Matrix.RotationQuaternion(
                    Quaternion.RotationAxis(new Vector3(currentView.M11, currentView.M21, currentView.M31), tempAngleX)));
                CamPostion.X = tempV4.X + CamTarget.X;
                CamPostion.Y = tempV4.Y + CamTarget.Y;
                CamPostion.Z = tempV4.Z + CamTarget.Z;
                Matrix viewMatrix = Matrix.LookAtLH(CamPostion, CamTarget, new Vector3(0, 1, 0));
                device.Transform.View = viewMatrix;
                mouseLastX = e.X;
                mouseLastY = e.Y;
            }
            else if (isMoveByMouse)
            {
                Matrix currentView = device.Transform.View;//当前摄像机的视图矩阵
                float moveFactor=0.01f;
                CamTarget.X += -moveFactor * ((e.X - mouseLastX) * currentView.M11 - (e.Y - mouseLastY) * currentView.M12);
                CamTarget.Y += -moveFactor * ((e.X - mouseLastX) * currentView.M21 - (e.Y - mouseLastY) * currentView.M22);
                CamTarget.Z += -moveFactor * ((e.X - mouseLastX) * currentView.M31 - (e.Y - mouseLastY) * currentView.M32);
                CamPostion.X +=- moveFactor * ((e.X - mouseLastX) * currentView.M11 - (e.Y - mouseLastY) * currentView.M12);
                CamPostion.Y += -moveFactor * ((e.X - mouseLastX) * currentView.M21 - (e.Y - mouseLastY) * currentView.M22);
                CamPostion.Z += -moveFactor * ((e.X - mouseLastX) * currentView.M31 - (e.Y - mouseLastY) * currentView.M32);
             
                Matrix viewMatrix = Matrix.LookAtLH(CamPostion, CamTarget, new Vector3(0, 1, 0));
                device.Transform.View = viewMatrix;
                mouseLastX = e.X;
                mouseLastY = e.Y;
            }
        }
        protected override void OnMouseWheel(MouseEventArgs e)
        {
            float scaleFactor = -(float)e.Delta / 2000 + 1f;
            CamPostion.Subtract(CamTarget);
            CamPostion.Scale(scaleFactor);
            CamPostion.Add(CamTarget);
            Matrix viewMatrix = Matrix.LookAtLH(CamPostion, CamTarget, new Vector3(0, 1, 0));
            device.Transform.View = viewMatrix;
        }
        static void Main()
        {
            BoundingBody boundingBody = new BoundingBody(); //创建窗体对象
            if (boundingBody.InitializeDirect3D() == false) //检查Direct3D是否启动
            {
                MessageBox.Show("无法启动Direct3D！", "错误！");
                return;
            }
            boundingBody.Show(); //如果一切都初始化成功，则显示窗体
            while (boundingBody.Created) //设置一个循环用于实时更新渲染状态
            {
                boundingBody.Render(); //保持device渲染，直到程序结束
                Application.DoEvents(); //处理键盘鼠标等输入事件
            }
        }
    }
}

						