DirextX编程

开发平台：
C#

MeshForm.cs：源码内容
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//      ■■■■         ■           ■■■■         ■■■■       //
// Copyright (c) 三峡大学水利与环境学院 肖泽云. All rights reserved.  //
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
using System;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using Microsoft.DirectX;
using Microsoft.DirectX.Direct3D;
namespace Mesh网格
{
    public partial class MeshForm : Form
    {
        Device device = null;//定义绘图设备
        private CustomVertex.PositionTextured[] vertices;//定义顶点变量
        private Texture texture;//定义贴图变量
        private Material material;//定义材质变量
        private float angleY=0.01f;//定义绕Y轴旋转变量
        private Vector3 CamPostion = new Vector3(0, 30, -30);//定义摄像机位置
        private Vector3 CamTarget = new Vector3(0, 0, 0);//定义摄像机目标位置
        private int mouseLastX,mouseLastY;//记录鼠标按下时的坐标位置
        private bool isRotateByMouse=false;//记录是否由鼠标控制旋转
        private bool isMoveByMouse = false;//记录是否由鼠标控制移动
        private Mesh meshObj;//定义网格对象
        private Material[] meshMaterials; //定义网格材质对象
        private Texture[] meshTextures;   // 定义网格贴图对象
        private Mesh meshObjCopy;//定义复制的网格对象
        private ProgressiveMesh progMesh;//定义渐进网格对象
        private int numFaces;//定义渐进网格的面数目
        private AnimationRootFrame rootFrame;
        private Mesh[] meshArrayObj;//定义网格模型数组
        private Matrix[] meshPosition;//定义网格模型空间坐标数组
        public MeshForm()
        {
            this.ClientSize = new Size(800, 600);//指定窗体尺寸
            this.Text = "Mesh网格";//指定窗体标题
        }
        public bool InitializeDirect3D()
        {
            try
            {
                PresentParameters presentParams = new PresentParameters();
                presentParams.Windowed = true; //指定以Windows窗体形式显示
                presentParams.SwapEffect = SwapEffect.Discard; //当前屏幕绘制后它将自动从内存中删除
                presentParams.AutoDepthStencilFormat = DepthFormat.D16;
                presentParams.EnableAutoDepthStencil = true;
                presentParams.PresentationInterval = PresentInterval.Immediate;
                device = new Device(0, DeviceType.Hardware, this, CreateFlags.SoftwareVertexProcessing, presentParams); //实例化device对象
                
                //meshObj = Mesh.Box(device, 5f, 3f, 6f);//定义长方体几何对象
                meshObj = Mesh.Cylinder(device, 10f, 10f, 50f, 20, 20);//定义圆柱体对象
                //meshObj = Mesh.Polygon(device, 10f, 5);//定义五边形对象
                //meshObj = Mesh.Sphere(device, 10f, 20, 20);//定义球体对象
                //meshObj = Mesh.Torus(device, 2f, 6f, 20, 40);//定义圆环对象
                //meshObj = Mesh.Teapot(device);//定义茶壶对象
                //MeshDeclaration(20);//定义网格
                /*
                Vector3[] points = new Vector3[8];
                points[0] = new Vector3(0f, 3f, 0f);
                points[1] = new Vector3(0f, 3f, 6f);
                points[2] = new Vector3(5f, 3f, 6f);
                points[3] = new Vector3(5f, 3f, 0f);
                points[4] = new Vector3(0f, 0f, 0f);
                points[5] = new Vector3(0f, 0f, 6f);
                points[6] = new Vector3(5f, 0f, 6f);
                points[7] = new Vector3(5f, 0f, 0f);
                DrawHexClass drawHexClass = new DrawHexClass(device, points);
                //meshObj = drawHexClass.MeshObject;
                meshObj = DrawHexClass.DrawHexObject(device, points);
                */
                //从X文件导入网格
                //meshObj = Mesh.FromFile(@"E:DirectXDirectX_C#MediaModelsbox03.X", MeshFlags.SystemMemory, device);
                //MeshFromFile(@"E:DirectXDirectX_C#MediaModels", "box03.X");
                //meshObjCopy=meshObj.Clone(meshObj.Options.Value, meshObj.VertexFormat, device);
                int[] adjacency=new int[meshObj.NumberFaces*3];
                meshObj.GenerateAdjacency(0.01f,adjacency);
                progMesh = new ProgressiveMesh(meshObj, adjacency, meshObj.NumberFaces/30, MeshFlags.SimplifyFace);
                numFaces = meshObj.NumberFaces / 30;//设置渐进网格初始值
                //三维文字网格
                //System.Drawing.Font myFont = new System.Drawing.Font("Times New Roman", 28, FontStyle.Regular);//设置字体
                //meshObj = Mesh.TextFromFont(device, myFont, "Hello,DirectX!", 0.01f, 0.1f);
                VertexDeclaration();//定义顶点
                LoadTexturesAndMaterials();//导入贴图和材质
                //定义模型
                meshArrayObj = new Mesh[5];
                meshArrayObj[0] = Mesh.Cylinder(device, 1f, 1f, 5f, 10, 10);//定义圆柱体对象
                meshArrayObj[1] = Mesh.Polygon(device, 1f, 5);//定义五边形对象
                meshArrayObj[2] = Mesh.Sphere(device, 1f, 10, 10);//定义球体对象
                meshArrayObj[3] = Mesh.Torus(device, 0.2f, 0.6f, 10, 20);//定义圆环对象
                meshArrayObj[4] = Mesh.Teapot(device);//定义茶壶对象
                //定义模型坐标
                meshPosition = new Matrix[5];
                //meshPosition[0] = Matrix.Translation(0f,0f,-10f);
                meshPosition[0] = Matrix.RotationX((float)Math.PI/2) * Matrix.Translation(0f, 0f, -10f);
                meshPosition[1] = Matrix.Translation(-20f, 0f, 0f);
                meshPosition[2] = Matrix.Translation(-10f, 0f, 0f);
                //meshPosition[3] = Matrix.Translation(0f, 0f, 0f);
                meshPosition[3] = Matrix.RotationX((float)Math.PI / 2) * Matrix.Translation(0f, 0f, 0f);
                meshPosition[4] = Matrix.Translation(10f, 0f, 10f);
                return true;
            }
            catch (DirectXException e)
            {
                MessageBox.Show(e.ToString(), "Error"); //处理异常
                return false;
            }
        }
        private void MeshDeclaration(int count)//定义网格
        {
            //定义索引
            Int16[] arrayIndices = new Int16[(count - 1) * (count - 1) * 6];
            //定义顶点
            CustomVertex.PositionColored[] arrayVertices=new CustomVertex.PositionColored[count*count];
            //定义属性
            AttributeRange attributeRange=new AttributeRange();
            //实例化网格对象
            meshObj = new Mesh(arrayIndices.Length / 3, arrayVertices.Length, MeshFlags.SystemMemory, CustomVertex.PositionColored.Format, device);
            //设置顶点坐标值
            for (int i = 0; i < count; i++)
            {
                for (int j = 0; j < count; j++)
                {                  
                    arrayVertices[j + i * count].X = (float)j;
                    arrayVertices[j + i * count].Y = 0f;
                    arrayVertices[j + i * count].Z = (float)i;
                    arrayVertices[j + i * count].Color = Color.DarkGreen.ToArgb();
                }
            }
            //设置索引
            for (int i = 0; i < count - 1; i++)
            {
                for (int j = 0; j < count - 1; j++)
                {                    
                    int num=6*(i*(count-1)+j);
                    arrayIndices[num] = (Int16)(i * count + j);
                    arrayIndices[num + 1] = (Int16)(i * count + j + 1);
                    arrayIndices[num + 2] = (Int16)((i + 1) * count + j);
                    arrayIndices[num + 3] = (Int16)(i * count + j + 1);
                    arrayIndices[num + 4] = (Int16)((i + 1) * count + j + 1);
                    arrayIndices[num + 5] = (Int16)((i + 1) * count + j);                   
                }
            }
            //设置属性
            attributeRange.AttributeId = 0;
            attributeRange.FaceStart = 0;
            attributeRange.FaceCount = arrayIndices.Length / 3;
            attributeRange.VertexStart = 0;
            attributeRange.VertexCount = arrayVertices.Length;
            //设置网格对象的索引缓冲和顶点缓冲数据
            meshObj.VertexBuffer.SetData(arrayVertices, 0, LockFlags.None);
            meshObj.IndexBuffer.SetData(arrayIndices, 0, LockFlags.None);
            meshObj.SetAttributeTable(new AttributeRange[] { attributeRange }); 
        }
        private void MeshFromFile(string xFilePath,string xFileName)//从文件导入网格
        {
            ExtendedMaterial[] materials;
            //从X文件导入网格
            meshObj = Mesh.FromFile(xFilePath + "\" + xFileName, MeshFlags.SystemMemory, device, out materials);
            if (meshTextures == null)
            {
                meshTextures = new Texture[materials.Length];
                meshMaterials = new Material[materials.Length];
                for (int i = 0; i < materials.Length; i++)
                {
                    meshMaterials[i] = materials[i].Material3D;
                    meshMaterials[i].Ambient = meshMaterials[i].Diffuse;
                    // 创建贴图
                    Console.WriteLine(i.ToString() + ":" + materials[i].ToString());
                    meshTextures[i] = TextureLoader.FromFile(device, xFilePath + "\" + materials[i].TextureFilename);                    
                }
            }            
        }
        private void VertexDeclaration()//定义顶点
        {
            vertices = new CustomVertex.PositionTextured[6];
            vertices[0].Position = new Vector3(10f, 0f, 10f);
            vertices[0].Tu = 1;
            vertices[0].Tv = 0;
            vertices[1].Position = new Vector3(-10f, 0f, -10f);
            vertices[1].Tu = 0;
            vertices[1].Tv = 1;
            vertices[2].Position = new Vector3(10f,0f,-10f);
            vertices[2].Tu = 1;
            vertices[2].Tv = 1;            
            vertices[3].Position = new Vector3(-10f, 0f,-10f);
            vertices[3].Tu = 0;
            vertices[3].Tv = 1;
            vertices[4].Position = new Vector3(10f, 0f, 10f);
            vertices[4].Tu = 1;
            vertices[4].Tv = 0;
            vertices[5].Position = new Vector3(-10f, 0f, 10f);
            vertices[5].Tu = 0;
            vertices[5].Tv = 0;               
        }
        private void LoadTexturesAndMaterials()//导入贴图和材质
        {
            material = new Material();
            material.Diffuse = Color.White;
            material.Ambient = Color.White;
            material.Specular = Color.LightGray;
            material.SpecularSharpness = 15.0F;
            device.Material = material;
            texture = TextureLoader.FromFile(device, "CTGU.jpg");
        }
        public void Render()
        {
            if (device == null)   //如果device为空则不渲染
            {
                return;
            }
            SetUpCamera();
            device.Clear(ClearFlags.Target|ClearFlags.ZBuffer, Color.DarkSlateBlue, 1.0f, 0);  //清除windows界面为深蓝色
            device.BeginScene();
            //在此添加渲染图形代码
            //device.RenderState.FillMode = FillMode.WireFrame;
            /*
            AttributeRange[] attributeRange = meshObj.GetAttributeTable();
            for (int i = 0; i < attributeRange.Length; i++)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("attributeRange[{0}].AttributeId:" + attributeRange[i].AttributeId.ToString(), i);
                Console.WriteLine("attributeRange[{0}].FaceCount:" + attributeRange[i].FaceCount.ToString(), i);
                Console.WriteLine("attributeRange[{0}].FaceStart:" + attributeRange[i].FaceStart.ToString(), i);
                Console.WriteLine("attributeRange[{0}].VertexCount:" + attributeRange[i].VertexCount.ToString(), i);
                Console.WriteLine("attributeRange[{0}].VertexStart:" + attributeRange[i].VertexStart.ToString(), i);
            }
            //获取邻接信息
            int[] adjacency = new int[meshObj.NumberFaces * 3];
            meshObj.GenerateAdjacency(0.01f, adjacency);
            for (int i = 0; i < adjacency.Length; i++)
            {
                Console.Write("adjacency[{0}]:{1}     ", i,adjacency[i]);
            }
             */
            //绘制原始网格
            //device.Transform.World = Matrix.Add(device.Transform.World, Matrix.Translation(100f, 0f, 0f));
            //meshObj.DrawSubset(0);
            /*
            for (int i = 0; i < meshObj.NumberAttributes; i++)
            {
                //设置网格子集的材质和贴图
                device.Material = meshMaterials[i];
                device.SetTexture(0, meshTextures[i]);
                //绘制网格子集
                meshObj.DrawSubset(i);
            }
             */ 
            //绘制复制的网格
            //device.Transform.World = Matrix.Subtract(device.Transform.World, Matrix.Translation(100f, 0f, 0f));
            //progMesh.DrawSubset(0);
            //meshObjCopy.DrawSubset(0);
                        
            //灯光设置            
            device.RenderState.Lighting = true;
            device.Lights[0].Type = LightType.Directional;
            device.Lights[0].Diffuse = System.Drawing.Color.Red;
            device.Lights[0].Direction = new Vector3(-50.0f,50.0f,50.0f);
            device.Lights[0].Enabled = true; //打开灯光
            device.Lights[1].Type = LightType.Directional;
            device.Lights[1].Diffuse = System.Drawing.Color.Green;
            device.Lights[1].Direction = new Vector3(50f,-50.0f,50.0f);
            device.Lights[1].Enabled = true; //打开灯光            
            device.RenderState.Ambient = Color.SlateGray;           
            
            device.RenderState.CullMode=Cull.None;
            //device.SetTexture(0, texture);//设置贴图
            //device.VertexFormat = CustomVertex.PositionTextured.Format;
            //device.DrawUserPrimitives(PrimitiveType.TriangleList, 2, vertices);
            //device.RenderState.Lighting = false;
            for (int i = 0; i < meshArrayObj.Length; i++)
            {
                //设置当前世界矩阵
                device.Transform.World = meshPosition[i];
                meshArrayObj[i].DrawSubset(0);
            }
            device.EndScene();
            device.Present();
        }
        private void SetUpCamera()//摄像机
        {
            Matrix viewMatrix = Matrix.LookAtLH(CamPostion, CamTarget, new Vector3(0, 1, 0));
            device.Transform.Projection = Matrix.PerspectiveFovLH((float)Math.PI / 4, this.Width / this.Height, 1f, 500f);
            device.Transform.View = viewMatrix;
        }
        protected override void OnKeyDown(KeyEventArgs e)
        {
            Vector4 tempV4;
            Matrix currentView = device.Transform.View;//当前摄像机的视图矩阵
            if (Control.ModifierKeys== Keys.Control && e.KeyCode == Keys.S)
            {
                //定义衔接关系
                int[] adjacency = new int[meshObj.NumberFaces * 3];
                meshObj.GenerateAdjacency(0.01f, adjacency);
                //定义材质属性
                ExtendedMaterial[] exmaterials = new ExtendedMaterial[meshMaterials.Length];
                //设置材质
                for (int i = 0; i < meshMaterials.Length; i++)
                {
                    exmaterials[i].Material3D = meshMaterials[i];
                    exmaterials[i].TextureFilename = "";
                }                
                meshObj.Save("SaveBox012.x", adjacency, exmaterials, XFileFormat.Text);
                MessageBox.Show("保存文件成功！");
            } 
            switch (e.KeyCode)
            {
                case Keys.Left:
                    CamPostion.Subtract(CamTarget);
                    tempV4 = Vector3.Transform(CamPostion, Matrix.RotationQuaternion(
                            Quaternion.RotationAxis(new Vector3(currentView.M12, currentView.M22, currentView.M32), -angleY)));
                    CamPostion.X = tempV4.X + CamTarget.X;
                    CamPostion.Y = tempV4.Y + CamTarget.Y;
                    CamPostion.Z = tempV4.Z + CamTarget.Z;
                    break;
                case Keys.Right:
                    CamPostion.Subtract(CamTarget);
                    tempV4 = Vector3.Transform(CamPostion, Matrix.RotationQuaternion(
                            Quaternion.RotationAxis(new Vector3(currentView.M12, currentView.M22, currentView.M32), angleY)));
                    CamPostion.X = tempV4.X + CamTarget.X;
                    CamPostion.Y = tempV4.Y + CamTarget.Y;
                    CamPostion.Z = tempV4.Z + CamTarget.Z;
                    break;
                case Keys.Up:
                    CamPostion.Subtract(CamTarget);
                    tempV4 = Vector3.Transform(CamPostion, Matrix.RotationQuaternion(
                       Quaternion.RotationAxis(new Vector3(device.Transform.View.M11
                       , device.Transform.View.M21, device.Transform.View.M31), -angleY)));
                    CamPostion.X = tempV4.X + CamTarget.X;
                    CamPostion.Y = tempV4.Y + CamTarget.Y;
                    CamPostion.Z = tempV4.Z + CamTarget.Z;
                    break;
                case Keys.Down:
                    CamPostion.Subtract(CamTarget);
                    tempV4 = Vector3.Transform(CamPostion, Matrix.RotationQuaternion(
                       Quaternion.RotationAxis(new Vector3(device.Transform.View.M11
                       , device.Transform.View.M21, device.Transform.View.M31), angleY)));
                    CamPostion.X = tempV4.X + CamTarget.X;
                    CamPostion.Y = tempV4.Y + CamTarget.Y;
                    CamPostion.Z = tempV4.Z + CamTarget.Z;
                    break;
                case Keys.Add:
                    CamPostion.Subtract(CamTarget);
                    CamPostion.Scale(0.95f);
                    CamPostion.Add(CamTarget);
                    numFaces++;
                    progMesh.NumberFaces = numFaces;
                    break;
                case Keys.Subtract:
                    CamPostion.Subtract(CamTarget);
                    CamPostion.Scale(1.05f);
                    CamPostion.Add(CamTarget);
                    numFaces--;
                    progMesh.NumberFaces = numFaces;
                    break;
            }
            Console.WriteLine(numFaces.ToString());
            Matrix viewMatrix = Matrix.LookAtLH(CamPostion, CamTarget, new Vector3(0, 1, 0));
            device.Transform.View = viewMatrix;
        }
        protected override void OnMouseDown(MouseEventArgs e)
        {
            if (e.Button == MouseButtons.Left)
            {
                mouseLastX = e.X;
                mouseLastY = e.Y;
                isRotateByMouse = true;
            }
            else if (e.Button == MouseButtons.Middle)
            {
                mouseLastX = e.X;
                mouseLastY = e.Y;
                isMoveByMouse=true;
            }
        }
        
        protected override void OnMouseUp(MouseEventArgs e)
        {
            //base.OnMouseUp(e);
            /*float tempAngleY = 2*(float)(e.X - mouseLastX) / this.Width;
            Vector4 tempV4 = Vector3.Transform(CamPostion, Matrix.RotationQuaternion(
                Quaternion.RotationAxis(new Vector3(0, 1, 0), tempAngleY)));
            CamPostion.X = tempV4.X; CamPostion.Y = tempV4.Y; CamPostion.Z = tempV4.Z;
            Matrix viewMatrix = Matrix.LookAtLH(CamPostion, CamTarget, new Vector3(0, 1, 0));
            device.Transform.View = viewMatrix;
             */
            isRotateByMouse = false;
            isMoveByMouse = false;
        }
        protected override void OnMouseMove(MouseEventArgs e)
        {
            if (isRotateByMouse)
            {
                Matrix currentView = device.Transform.View;//当前摄像机的视图矩阵
                float tempAngleY = 2 * (float)(e.X - mouseLastX) / this.Width;
                CamPostion.Subtract(CamTarget);
                Vector4 tempV4 = Vector3.Transform(CamPostion, Matrix.RotationQuaternion(
                    Quaternion.RotationAxis(new Vector3(currentView.M12, currentView.M22, currentView.M32), tempAngleY)));
                CamPostion.X = tempV4.X;
                CamPostion.Y = tempV4.Y;
                CamPostion.Z = tempV4.Z;
                float tempAngleX = 4 * (float)(e.Y - mouseLastY) / this.Height;
                tempV4 = Vector3.Transform(CamPostion, Matrix.RotationQuaternion(
                    Quaternion.RotationAxis(new Vector3(currentView.M11, currentView.M21, currentView.M31), tempAngleX)));
                CamPostion.X = tempV4.X + CamTarget.X;
                CamPostion.Y = tempV4.Y + CamTarget.Y;
                CamPostion.Z = tempV4.Z + CamTarget.Z;
                Matrix viewMatrix = Matrix.LookAtLH(CamPostion, CamTarget, new Vector3(0, 1, 0));
                device.Transform.View = viewMatrix;
                mouseLastX = e.X;
                mouseLastY = e.Y;
            }
            else if (isMoveByMouse)
            {
                Matrix currentView = device.Transform.View;//当前摄像机的视图矩阵
                float moveFactor=0.01f;
                CamTarget.X += -moveFactor * ((e.X - mouseLastX) * currentView.M11 - (e.Y - mouseLastY) * currentView.M12);
                CamTarget.Y += -moveFactor * ((e.X - mouseLastX) * currentView.M21 - (e.Y - mouseLastY) * currentView.M22);
                CamTarget.Z += -moveFactor * ((e.X - mouseLastX) * currentView.M31 - (e.Y - mouseLastY) * currentView.M32);
                CamPostion.X +=- moveFactor * ((e.X - mouseLastX) * currentView.M11 - (e.Y - mouseLastY) * currentView.M12);
                CamPostion.Y += -moveFactor * ((e.X - mouseLastX) * currentView.M21 - (e.Y - mouseLastY) * currentView.M22);
                CamPostion.Z += -moveFactor * ((e.X - mouseLastX) * currentView.M31 - (e.Y - mouseLastY) * currentView.M32);
             
                Matrix viewMatrix = Matrix.LookAtLH(CamPostion, CamTarget, new Vector3(0, 1, 0));
                device.Transform.View = viewMatrix;
                mouseLastX = e.X;
                mouseLastY = e.Y;
            }
        }
        protected override void OnMouseWheel(MouseEventArgs e)
        {
            float scaleFactor = -(float)e.Delta / 2000 + 1f;
            CamPostion.Subtract(CamTarget);
            CamPostion.Scale(scaleFactor);
            CamPostion.Add(CamTarget);
            Matrix viewMatrix = Matrix.LookAtLH(CamPostion, CamTarget, new Vector3(0, 1, 0));
            device.Transform.View = viewMatrix;
        }
        static void Main()
        {
            MeshForm CameraTransform = new MeshForm(); //创建窗体对象
            if (CameraTransform.InitializeDirect3D() == false) //检查Direct3D是否启动
            {
                MessageBox.Show("无法启动Direct3D！", "错误！");
                return;
            }
            CameraTransform.Show(); //如果一切都初始化成功，则显示窗体
            while (CameraTransform.Created) //设置一个循环用于实时更新渲染状态
            {
                CameraTransform.Render(); //保持device渲染，直到程序结束
                //CameraTransform.SetUpCamera();//建立摄像机
                Application.DoEvents(); //处理键盘鼠标等输入事件
            }
        }
    }
}

						