DirextX编程

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C#

DrawBasicGeometry.cs：源码内容
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// Copyright (c) 三峡大学水利与环境学院 肖泽云. All rights reserved.  //
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
using System;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using Microsoft.DirectX;
using Microsoft.DirectX.Direct3D;
namespace 绘制基本几何体
{
    public partial class DrawBasicGeometry : Form
    {
        Device device = null;//定义绘图设备
        private CustomVertex.PositionColored[] vertices;//定义顶点变量
        private VertexBuffer vertexBuffer;//定义顶点缓冲变量
        private IndexBuffer indexBuffer;//定义索引缓冲变量
        private int[] indexData;//定义顶点索引
        private float angleY=0.01f;//定义绕Y轴旋转变量
        private Vector3 CamPostion = new Vector3(10, 10, -50);//定义摄像机位置
        private Vector3 CamTarget = new Vector3(10, 10, 0);//定义摄像机目标位置
        private int mouseLastX,mouseLastY;//记录鼠标按下时的坐标位置
        private bool isRotateByMouse=false;//记录是否由鼠标控制旋转
        private bool isMoveByMouse = false;//记录是否由鼠标控制移动
        public DrawBasicGeometry()
        {
            this.ClientSize = new Size(800, 600);//指定窗体尺寸
            this.Text = "绘制基本几何体";//指定窗体标题
        }
        public bool InitializeDirect3D()
        {
            try
            {
                PresentParameters presentParams = new PresentParameters();
                presentParams.Windowed = true; //指定以Windows窗体形式显示
                presentParams.SwapEffect = SwapEffect.Discard; //当前屏幕绘制后它将自动从内存中删除
                device = new Device(0, DeviceType.Hardware, this, CreateFlags.SoftwareVertexProcessing, presentParams); //实例化device对象
                VertexDeclaration();//定义顶点
                IndicesDeclaration();//定义索引
                return true;
            }
            catch (DirectXException e)
            {
                MessageBox.Show(e.ToString(), "Error"); //处理异常
                return false;
            }
        }
        private void VertexDeclaration()//定义顶点
        {
            vertexBuffer = new VertexBuffer(typeof(CustomVertex.PositionColored), 9, device,
                Usage.Dynamic | Usage.WriteOnly, CustomVertex.PositionColored.Format, Pool.Default);
            vertices = new CustomVertex.PositionColored[9];
            vertices[0].Position = new Vector3(0f, 20f, 0f);
            vertices[0].Color = Color.Yellow.ToArgb();
            vertices[1].Position = new Vector3(10f, 20f, 0f);
            vertices[1].Color = Color.White.ToArgb();
            vertices[2].Position = new Vector3(0f, 10f, 0f);
            vertices[2].Color = Color.Green.ToArgb();
            vertices[3].Position = new Vector3(20f, 20f, 0f);
            vertices[3].Color = Color.IndianRed.ToArgb();
            vertices[4].Position = new Vector3(10f, 10f, 0f);
            vertices[4].Color = Color.LightPink.ToArgb();
            vertices[5].Position = new Vector3(0f, 0f, 0f);
            vertices[5].Color = Color.Orange.ToArgb();
            vertices[6].Position = new Vector3(20f, 10f, 0f);
            vertices[6].Color = Color.Green.ToArgb();
            vertices[7].Position = new Vector3(10f, 0f, 0f);
            vertices[7].Color = Color.DeepPink.ToArgb();
            vertices[8].Position = new Vector3(20f, 0f, 0f);
            vertices[8].Color = Color.IndianRed.ToArgb();
            vertexBuffer.SetData(vertices, 0, LockFlags.None);//设置顶点数据至顶点缓冲中
        }
       
        private void IndicesDeclaration()//定义索引
        {
            indexBuffer = new IndexBuffer(typeof(int), 24, device, Usage.WriteOnly, Pool.Default);
            indexData = new int[24];
            indexData[0] = 0;indexData[1] = 1;indexData[2] = 2;
            indexData[3] = 2;indexData[4] = 1;indexData[5] = 4;
            indexData[6] = 1;indexData[7] = 3;indexData[8] = 4;
            indexData[9] = 3;indexData[10] = 6;indexData[11] = 4;
            indexData[12] = 5;indexData[13] = 2;indexData[14] = 4;
            indexData[15] = 5;indexData[16] = 4;indexData[17] = 7;
            indexData[18] = 6;indexData[19] = 7;indexData[20] = 4;
            indexData[21] = 7;indexData[22] = 6;indexData[23] = 8;
            indexBuffer.SetData(indexData, 0, LockFlags.None);
        }
        
        /*
        private void LoadTexturesAndMaterials()//导入贴图和材质
        {
            material = new Material();
            material.Diffuse = Color.White;
            material.Specular = Color.LightGray;
            material.SpecularSharpness = 15.0F;
            device.Material = material;
            texture = TextureLoader.FromFile(device, "CTGU.jpg");
        }
         */ 
        public void Render()
        {
            System.Diagnostics.Stopwatch stopWatch = new System.Diagnostics.Stopwatch();
            stopWatch.Start();
            if (device == null)   //如果device为空则不渲染
            {
                return;
            }
            SetUpCamera();
            device.Clear(ClearFlags.Target, Color.DarkSlateBlue, 1.0f, 0);  //清除windows界面为深蓝色
            device.BeginScene();
            //在此添加渲染图形代码
            //device.RenderState.CullMode=Cull.None;
            device.RenderState.Lighting = false;
            device.VertexFormat = CustomVertex.PositionColored.Format;
            //device.DrawUserPrimitives(PrimitiveType.TriangleList,8, vertices);
            device.RenderState.FillMode = FillMode.WireFrame;
            //device.DrawIndexedUserPrimitives(PrimitiveType.TriangleList, 0, vertices.Length, indexData.Length/3, indexData, false, vertices);
            device.SetStreamSource(0, vertexBuffer,0);//设置顶点缓冲为绘图设备的数据流
            device.Indices = indexBuffer;//设置索引缓冲为绘图设备的索引数据
            //device.DrawIndexedPrimitives(PrimitiveType.TriangleList, 0, 0, 9, 0, 8);
            //device.DrawPrimitives(PrimitiveType.TriangleList, 0, 8);
            //device.DrawPrimitives(PrimitiveType.TriangleList, 0, 1);
            //device.DrawPrimitives(PrimitiveType.TriangleList, 18, 1);
            Vector3[] points = new Vector3[8];
            points[0] = new Vector3(30f, 20f, 0f);
            points[1] = new Vector3(30f, 20f, 10f);
            points[2] = new Vector3(40f, 20f, 10f);
            points[3] = new Vector3(40f, 20f, 0f);
            points[4] = new Vector3(30f, 10f, 0f);
            points[5] = new Vector3(30f, 10f, 10f);
            points[6] = new Vector3(40f, 10f, 10f);
            points[7] = new Vector3(40f, 10f, 0f);
            DrawHexClass drawTri = new DrawHexClass(device, points);
            //drawTri.DrawHex();
            /*
            Vector3 sphereCenter = new Vector3(10,10,0);
            DrawSphereClass drawSphere = new DrawSphereClass(device, sphereCenter, 50f, 50, 50);
            drawSphere.DrawSphere();
             */
            /*
            Vector3 circleCenter = new Vector3(10, 10, 10);
            Vector3 circleNormal = new Vector3(1, 1, 1);
            DrawCircleClass drawCircle = new DrawCircleClass(device, circleCenter, 10f, circleNormal, 16, 5);
            drawCircle.DrawCircle();
             */
            /*
            Vector3 taperCenter = new Vector3(10, 10, 10);
            Vector3 taperTop = new Vector3(15, 15, 15);
            DrawTaperClass drawTaper = new DrawTaperClass(device, taperCenter, 10f, taperTop, 16, 5);
            drawTaper.DrawTaper();
             */
            Vector3 topCenter = new Vector3(25, 25, 25);
            Vector3 underCenter = new Vector3(10, 10, 10);
            DrawCylinderClass drawCylinder = new DrawCylinderClass(device, topCenter, underCenter,10f, 16, 5,10);
            drawCylinder.DrawCylinder();
       
 
            
            device.EndScene();
            device.Present();
            stopWatch.Stop();
            Console.WriteLine(stopWatch.Elapsed.ToString());
        }
        private void SetUpCamera()//摄像机
        {
            Matrix viewMatrix = Matrix.LookAtLH(CamPostion, CamTarget, new Vector3(0, 1, 0));
            device.Transform.Projection = Matrix.PerspectiveFovLH((float)Math.PI / 4, this.Width / this.Height, 0.3f, 500f);
            device.Transform.View = viewMatrix;
        }
        protected override void OnKeyDown(KeyEventArgs e)
        {
            Vector4 tempV4;
            Matrix currentView = device.Transform.View;//当前摄像机的视图矩阵
            switch (e.KeyCode)
            {
                case Keys.Left:
                    CamPostion.Subtract(CamTarget);
                    tempV4 = Vector3.Transform(CamPostion, Matrix.RotationQuaternion(
                            Quaternion.RotationAxis(new Vector3(currentView.M12, currentView.M22, currentView.M32), -angleY)));
                    CamPostion.X = tempV4.X + CamTarget.X;
                    CamPostion.Y = tempV4.Y + CamTarget.Y;
                    CamPostion.Z = tempV4.Z + CamTarget.Z;
                    break;
                case Keys.Right:
                    CamPostion.Subtract(CamTarget);
                    tempV4 = Vector3.Transform(CamPostion, Matrix.RotationQuaternion(
                            Quaternion.RotationAxis(new Vector3(currentView.M12, currentView.M22, currentView.M32), angleY)));
                    CamPostion.X = tempV4.X + CamTarget.X;
                    CamPostion.Y = tempV4.Y + CamTarget.Y;
                    CamPostion.Z = tempV4.Z + CamTarget.Z;
                    break;
                case Keys.Up:
                    CamPostion.Subtract(CamTarget);
                    tempV4 = Vector3.Transform(CamPostion, Matrix.RotationQuaternion(
                       Quaternion.RotationAxis(new Vector3(device.Transform.View.M11
                       , device.Transform.View.M21, device.Transform.View.M31), -angleY)));
                    CamPostion.X = tempV4.X + CamTarget.X;
                    CamPostion.Y = tempV4.Y + CamTarget.Y;
                    CamPostion.Z = tempV4.Z + CamTarget.Z;
                    break;
                case Keys.Down:
                    CamPostion.Subtract(CamTarget);
                    tempV4 = Vector3.Transform(CamPostion, Matrix.RotationQuaternion(
                       Quaternion.RotationAxis(new Vector3(device.Transform.View.M11
                       , device.Transform.View.M21, device.Transform.View.M31), angleY)));
                    CamPostion.X = tempV4.X + CamTarget.X;
                    CamPostion.Y = tempV4.Y + CamTarget.Y;
                    CamPostion.Z = tempV4.Z + CamTarget.Z;
                    break;
                case Keys.Add:
                    CamPostion.Subtract(CamTarget);
                    CamPostion.Scale(0.95f);
                    CamPostion.Add(CamTarget);
                    break;
                case Keys.Subtract:
                    CamPostion.Subtract(CamTarget);
                    CamPostion.Scale(1.05f);
                    CamPostion.Add(CamTarget);
                    break;
                case Keys.Enter:
                    Vector3[] points = new Vector3[8];
                    points[0] = new Vector3(30f, 20f, 0f);
                    points[1] = new Vector3(30f, 20f, 10f);
                    points[2] = new Vector3(40f, 20f, 0f);
                    points[3] = new Vector3(40f, 20f, 10f);
                    points[4] = new Vector3(30f, 10f, 0f);
                    points[5] = new Vector3(30f, 10f, 10f);
                    points[6] = new Vector3(40f, 10f, 0f);
                    points[7] = new Vector3(40f, 10f, 10f);
                    DrawHexClass drawTri = new DrawHexClass(device, points);
                    drawTri.DrawHex();
                    break;
            }
            Matrix viewMatrix = Matrix.LookAtLH(CamPostion, CamTarget, new Vector3(0, 1, 0));
            device.Transform.View = viewMatrix;
        }
        protected override void OnMouseDown(MouseEventArgs e)
        {
            if (e.Button == MouseButtons.Left)
            {
                mouseLastX = e.X;
                mouseLastY = e.Y;
                isRotateByMouse = true;
            }
            else if (e.Button == MouseButtons.Middle)
            {
                mouseLastX = e.X;
                mouseLastY = e.Y;
                isMoveByMouse=true;
            }
        }
        
        protected override void OnMouseUp(MouseEventArgs e)
        {
            isRotateByMouse = false;
            isMoveByMouse = false;
        }
        protected override void OnMouseMove(MouseEventArgs e)
        {
            if (isRotateByMouse)
            {
                Matrix currentView = device.Transform.View;//当前摄像机的视图矩阵
                float tempAngleY = 2 * (float)(e.X - mouseLastX) / this.Width;
                CamPostion.Subtract(CamTarget);
                Vector4 tempV4 = Vector3.Transform(CamPostion, Matrix.RotationQuaternion(
                    Quaternion.RotationAxis(new Vector3(currentView.M12, currentView.M22, currentView.M32), tempAngleY)));
                CamPostion.X = tempV4.X;
                CamPostion.Y = tempV4.Y;
                CamPostion.Z = tempV4.Z;
                float tempAngleX = 4 * (float)(e.Y - mouseLastY) / this.Height;
                tempV4 = Vector3.Transform(CamPostion, Matrix.RotationQuaternion(
                    Quaternion.RotationAxis(new Vector3(currentView.M11, currentView.M21, currentView.M31), tempAngleX)));
                CamPostion.X = tempV4.X + CamTarget.X;
                CamPostion.Y = tempV4.Y + CamTarget.Y;
                CamPostion.Z = tempV4.Z + CamTarget.Z;
                Matrix viewMatrix = Matrix.LookAtLH(CamPostion, CamTarget, new Vector3(0, 1, 0));
                device.Transform.View = viewMatrix;
                mouseLastX = e.X;
                mouseLastY = e.Y;
            }
            else if (isMoveByMouse)
            {
                Matrix currentView = device.Transform.View;//当前摄像机的视图矩阵
                float moveFactor=0.01f;
                CamTarget.X += -moveFactor * ((e.X - mouseLastX) * currentView.M11 - (e.Y - mouseLastY) * currentView.M12);
                CamTarget.Y += -moveFactor * ((e.X - mouseLastX) * currentView.M21 - (e.Y - mouseLastY) * currentView.M22);
                CamTarget.Z += -moveFactor * ((e.X - mouseLastX) * currentView.M31 - (e.Y - mouseLastY) * currentView.M32);
                CamPostion.X +=- moveFactor * ((e.X - mouseLastX) * currentView.M11 - (e.Y - mouseLastY) * currentView.M12);
                CamPostion.Y += -moveFactor * ((e.X - mouseLastX) * currentView.M21 - (e.Y - mouseLastY) * currentView.M22);
                CamPostion.Z += -moveFactor * ((e.X - mouseLastX) * currentView.M31 - (e.Y - mouseLastY) * currentView.M32);
             
                Matrix viewMatrix = Matrix.LookAtLH(CamPostion, CamTarget, new Vector3(0, 1, 0));
                device.Transform.View = viewMatrix;
                mouseLastX = e.X;
                mouseLastY = e.Y;
            }
        }
        protected override void OnMouseWheel(MouseEventArgs e)
        {
            float scaleFactor = -(float)e.Delta / 2000 + 1f;
            CamPostion.Subtract(CamTarget);
            CamPostion.Scale(scaleFactor);
            CamPostion.Add(CamTarget);
            Matrix viewMatrix = Matrix.LookAtLH(CamPostion, CamTarget, new Vector3(0, 1, 0));
            device.Transform.View = viewMatrix;
        }
        protected override void OnPaint(PaintEventArgs e)
        {
            Render(); //保持device渲染，直到程序结束
        }
        static void Main()
        {
            DrawBasicGeometry drawBasicGeometry = new DrawBasicGeometry(); //创建窗体对象
            if (drawBasicGeometry.InitializeDirect3D() == false) //检查Direct3D是否启动
            {
                MessageBox.Show("无法启动Direct3D！", "错误！");
                return;
            }
            drawBasicGeometry.Show(); //如果一切都初始化成功，则显示窗体
            while (drawBasicGeometry.Created)
            {
                drawBasicGeometry.Render(); //保持device渲染，直到程序结束
                Application.DoEvents();
            }            
        }
    }
}

						