PorterStemmer.cs
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上传日期:2022-04-08
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- using System;
- using System.Collections.Generic;
- using System.Text;
- namespace Searcharoo.Common
- {
- #region Porter Stemmer comments
- /*
- Porter stemmer in CSharp, based on the Java port. The original paper is in
- Porter, 1980, An algorithm for suffix stripping, Program, Vol. 14,
- no. 3, pp 130-137,
- See also http://www.tartarus.org/~martin/PorterStemmer
- History:
- Release 1
- Bug 1 (reported by Gonzalo Parra 16/10/99) fixed as marked below.
- The words 'aed', 'eed', 'oed' leave k at 'a' for step 3, and b[k-1]
- is then out outside the bounds of b.
- Release 2
- Similarly,
- Bug 2 (reported by Steve Dyrdahl 22/2/00) fixed as marked below.
- 'ion' by itself leaves j = -1 in the test for 'ion' in step 5, and
- b[j] is then outside the bounds of b.
- Release 3
- Considerably revised 4/9/00 in the light of many helpful suggestions
- from Brian Goetz of Quiotix Corporation (brian@quiotix.com).
- Release 4
- This revision allows the Porter Stemmer Algorithm to be exported via the
- .NET Framework. To facilate its use via .NET, the following commands need to be
- issued to the operating system to register the component so that it can be
- imported into .Net compatible languages, such as Delphi.NET, Visual Basic.NET,
- Visual C++.NET, etc.
- 1. Create a stong name:
- sn -k Keyfile.snk
- 2. Compile the C# class, which creates an assembly PorterStemmerAlgorithm.dll
- csc /t:library PorterStemmerAlgorithm.cs
- 3. Register the dll with the Windows Registry
- and so expose the interface to COM Clients via the type library
- ( PorterStemmerAlgorithm.tlb will be created)
- regasm /tlb PorterStemmerAlgorithm.dll
- 4. Load the component in the Global Assembly Cache
- gacutil -i PorterStemmerAlgorithm.dll
- Note: You must have the .Net Studio installed.
- Once this process is performed you should be able to import the class
- via the appropiate mechanism in the language that you are using.
- i.e in Delphi 7 .NET this is simply a matter of selecting:
- Project | Import Type Libary
- And then selecting Porter stemmer in CSharp Version 1.4"!
- Cheers Leif
- */
- #endregion
- /// <summary>
- /// By the original author:
- /// Stemmer, implementing the Porter Stemming Algorithm
- ///
- /// The Stemmer class transforms a word into its root form. The input
- /// word can be provided a character at time (by calling add()), or at once
- /// by calling one of the various stem(something) methods.
- /// </summary>
- /// <remarks>
- /// source, licence, etc for this class available here:
- /// http://www.tartarus.org/martin/PorterStemmer/
- /// http://www.tartarus.org/martin/PorterStemmer/csharp2.txt
- /// </remarks>
- public class PorterStemmer : IStemming
- {
- private char[] b;
- private int i, /* offset into b */
- i_end, /* offset to end of stemmed word */
- j, k;
- private static int INC = 200;
- /* unit of size whereby b is increased */
- public PorterStemmer()
- {
- b = new char[INC];
- i = 0;
- i_end = 0;
- }
- /* Implementation of the .NET interface - added as part of realease 4 (Leif) */
- public string StemWord(string s)
- {
- setTerm(s);
- stem();
- return getTerm();
- }
- /*
- SetTerm and GetTerm have been simply added to ease the
- interface with other lanaguages. They replace the add functions
- and toString function. This was done because the original functions stored
- all stemmed words (and each time a new woprd was added, the buffer would be
- re-copied each time, making it quite slow). Now, The class interface
- that is provided simply accepts a term and returns its stem,
- instead of storing all stemmed words.
- (Leif)
- */
- void setTerm(string s)
- {
- i = s.Length;
- char[] new_b = new char[i];
- for (int c = 0; c < i; c++)
- new_b[c] = s[c];
- b = new_b;
- }
- public string getTerm()
- {
- return new String(b, 0, i_end);
- }
- /* Old interface to the class - left for posterity. However, it is not
- * used when accessing the class via .NET (Leif)*/
- /*
- * Add a character to the word being stemmed. When you are finished
- * adding characters, you can call stem(void) to stem the word.
- */
- public void add(char ch)
- {
- if (i == b.Length)
- {
- char[] new_b = new char[i + INC];
- for (int c = 0; c < i; c++)
- new_b[c] = b[c];
- b = new_b;
- }
- b[i++] = ch;
- }
- /* Adds wLen characters to the word being stemmed contained in a portion
- * of a char[] array. This is like repeated calls of add(char ch), but
- * faster.
- */
- public void add(char[] w, int wLen)
- {
- if (i + wLen >= b.Length)
- {
- char[] new_b = new char[i + wLen + INC];
- for (int c = 0; c < i; c++)
- new_b[c] = b[c];
- b = new_b;
- }
- for (int c = 0; c < wLen; c++)
- b[i++] = w[c];
- }
- /*
- * After a word has been stemmed, it can be retrieved by toString(),
- * or a reference to the internal buffer can be retrieved by getResultBuffer
- * and getResultLength (which is generally more efficient.)
- */
- public override string ToString()
- {
- return new String(b, 0, i_end);
- }
- /*
- * Returns the length of the word resulting from the stemming process.
- */
- public int getResultLength()
- {
- return i_end;
- }
- /*
- * Returns a reference to a character buffer containing the results of
- * the stemming process. You also need to consult getResultLength()
- * to determine the length of the result.
- */
- public char[] getResultBuffer()
- {
- return b;
- }
- /* cons(i) is true <=> b[i] is a consonant. */
- private bool cons(int i)
- {
- switch (b[i])
- {
- case 'a':
- case 'e':
- case 'i':
- case 'o':
- case 'u': return false;
- case 'y': return (i == 0) ? true : !cons(i - 1);
- default: return true;
- }
- }
- /* m() measures the number of consonant sequences between 0 and j. if c is
- a consonant sequence and v a vowel sequence, and <..> indicates arbitrary
- presence,
- <c><v> gives 0
- <c>vc<v> gives 1
- <c>vcvc<v> gives 2
- <c>vcvcvc<v> gives 3
- ....
- */
- private int m()
- {
- int n = 0;
- int i = 0;
- while (true)
- {
- if (i > j) return n;
- if (!cons(i)) break; i++;
- }
- i++;
- while (true)
- {
- while (true)
- {
- if (i > j) return n;
- if (cons(i)) break;
- i++;
- }
- i++;
- n++;
- while (true)
- {
- if (i > j) return n;
- if (!cons(i)) break;
- i++;
- }
- i++;
- }
- }
- /* vowelinstem() is true <=> 0,...j contains a vowel */
- private bool vowelinstem()
- {
- int i;
- for (i = 0; i <= j; i++)
- if (!cons(i))
- return true;
- return false;
- }
- /* doublec(j) is true <=> j,(j-1) contain a double consonant. */
- private bool doublec(int j)
- {
- if (j < 1)
- return false;
- if (b[j] != b[j - 1])
- return false;
- return cons(j);
- }
- /* cvc(i) is true <=> i-2,i-1,i has the form consonant - vowel - consonant
- and also if the second c is not w,x or y. this is used when trying to
- restore an e at the end of a short word. e.g.
- cav(e), lov(e), hop(e), crim(e), but
- snow, box, tray.
- */
- private bool cvc(int i)
- {
- if (i < 2 || !cons(i) || cons(i - 1) || !cons(i - 2))
- return false;
- int ch = b[i];
- if (ch == 'w' || ch == 'x' || ch == 'y')
- return false;
- return true;
- }
- private bool ends(String s)
- {
- int l = s.Length;
- int o = k - l + 1;
- if (o < 0)
- return false;
- char[] sc = s.ToCharArray();
- for (int i = 0; i < l; i++)
- if (b[o + i] != sc[i])
- return false;
- j = k - l;
- return true;
- }
- /* setto(s) sets (j+1),...k to the characters in the string s, readjusting
- k. */
- private void setto(String s)
- {
- int l = s.Length;
- int o = j + 1;
- char[] sc = s.ToCharArray();
- for (int i = 0; i < l; i++)
- b[o + i] = sc[i];
- k = j + l;
- }
- /* r(s) is used further down. */
- private void r(String s)
- {
- if (m() > 0)
- setto(s);
- }
- /* step1() gets rid of plurals and -ed or -ing. e.g.
- caresses -> caress
- ponies -> poni
- ties -> ti
- caress -> caress
- cats -> cat
- feed -> feed
- agreed -> agree
- disabled -> disable
- matting -> mat
- mating -> mate
- meeting -> meet
- milling -> mill
- messing -> mess
- meetings -> meet
- */
- private void step1()
- {
- if (b[k] == 's')
- {
- if (ends("sses"))
- k -= 2;
- else if (ends("ies"))
- setto("i");
- else if (b[k - 1] != 's')
- k--;
- }
- if (ends("eed"))
- {
- if (m() > 0)
- k--;
- }
- else if ((ends("ed") || ends("ing")) && vowelinstem())
- {
- k = j;
- if (ends("at"))
- setto("ate");
- else if (ends("bl"))
- setto("ble");
- else if (ends("iz"))
- setto("ize");
- else if (doublec(k))
- {
- k--;
- int ch = b[k];
- if (ch == 'l' || ch == 's' || ch == 'z')
- k++;
- }
- else if (m() == 1 && cvc(k)) setto("e");
- }
- }
- /* step2() turns terminal y to i when there is another vowel in the stem. */
- private void step2()
- {
- if (ends("y") && vowelinstem())
- b[k] = 'i';
- }
- /* step3() maps double suffices to single ones. so -ization ( = -ize plus
- -ation) maps to -ize etc. note that the string before the suffix must give
- m() > 0. */
- private void step3()
- {
- if (k == 0)
- return;
- /* For Bug 1 */
- switch (b[k - 1])
- {
- case 'a':
- if (ends("ational")) { r("ate"); break; }
- if (ends("tional")) { r("tion"); break; }
- break;
- case 'c':
- if (ends("enci")) { r("ence"); break; }
- if (ends("anci")) { r("ance"); break; }
- break;
- case 'e':
- if (ends("izer")) { r("ize"); break; }
- break;
- case 'l':
- if (ends("bli")) { r("ble"); break; }
- if (ends("alli")) { r("al"); break; }
- if (ends("entli")) { r("ent"); break; }
- if (ends("eli")) { r("e"); break; }
- if (ends("ousli")) { r("ous"); break; }
- break;
- case 'o':
- if (ends("ization")) { r("ize"); break; }
- if (ends("ation")) { r("ate"); break; }
- if (ends("ator")) { r("ate"); break; }
- break;
- case 's':
- if (ends("alism")) { r("al"); break; }
- if (ends("iveness")) { r("ive"); break; }
- if (ends("fulness")) { r("ful"); break; }
- if (ends("ousness")) { r("ous"); break; }
- break;
- case 't':
- if (ends("aliti")) { r("al"); break; }
- if (ends("iviti")) { r("ive"); break; }
- if (ends("biliti")) { r("ble"); break; }
- break;
- case 'g':
- if (ends("logi")) { r("log"); break; }
- break;
- default:
- break;
- }
- }
- /* step4() deals with -ic-, -full, -ness etc. similar strategy to step3. */
- private void step4()
- {
- switch (b[k])
- {
- case 'e':
- if (ends("icate")) { r("ic"); break; }
- if (ends("ative")) { r(""); break; }
- if (ends("alize")) { r("al"); break; }
- break;
- case 'i':
- if (ends("iciti")) { r("ic"); break; }
- break;
- case 'l':
- if (ends("ical")) { r("ic"); break; }
- if (ends("ful")) { r(""); break; }
- break;
- case 's':
- if (ends("ness")) { r(""); break; }
- break;
- }
- }
- /* step5() takes off -ant, -ence etc., in context <c>vcvc<v>. */
- private void step5()
- {
- if (k == 0)
- return;
- /* for Bug 1 */
- switch (b[k - 1])
- {
- case 'a':
- if (ends("al")) break; return;
- case 'c':
- if (ends("ance")) break;
- if (ends("ence")) break; return;
- case 'e':
- if (ends("er")) break; return;
- case 'i':
- if (ends("ic")) break; return;
- case 'l':
- if (ends("able")) break;
- if (ends("ible")) break; return;
- case 'n':
- if (ends("ant")) break;
- if (ends("ement")) break;
- if (ends("ment")) break;
- /* element etc. not stripped before the m */
- if (ends("ent")) break; return;
- case 'o':
- if (ends("ion") && j >= 0 && (b[j] == 's' || b[j] == 't')) break;
- /* j >= 0 fixes Bug 2 */
- if (ends("ou")) break; return;
- /* takes care of -ous */
- case 's':
- if (ends("ism")) break; return;
- case 't':
- if (ends("ate")) break;
- if (ends("iti")) break; return;
- case 'u':
- if (ends("ous")) break; return;
- case 'v':
- if (ends("ive")) break; return;
- case 'z':
- if (ends("ize")) break; return;
- default:
- return;
- }
- if (m() > 1)
- k = j;
- }
- /* step6() removes a final -e if m() > 1. */
- private void step6()
- {
- j = k;
- if (b[k] == 'e')
- {
- int a = m();
- if (a > 1 || a == 1 && !cvc(k - 1))
- k--;
- }
- if (b[k] == 'l' && doublec(k) && m() > 1)
- k--;
- }
- /* Stem the word placed into the Stemmer buffer through calls to add().
- * Returns true if the stemming process resulted in a word different
- * from the input. You can retrieve the result with
- * getResultLength()/getResultBuffer() or toString().
- */
- public void stem()
- {
- k = i - 1;
- if (k > 1)
- {
- step1();
- step2();
- step3();
- step4();
- step5();
- step6();
- }
- i_end = k + 1;
- i = 0;
- }
- }
- }