INSTALL-BINARY
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- 2.7 Installing MySQL on Other Unix-Like Systems
- ===============================================
- This section covers the installation of MySQL binary distributions that
- are provided for various platforms in the form of compressed `tar'
- files (files with a `.tar.gz' extension). See *Note mysql-binaries::
- for a detailed list.
- To obtain MySQL, see *Note getting-mysql::.
- MySQL `tar' file binary distributions have names of the form
- `mysql-VERSION-OS.tar.gz', where `VERSION' is a number (for example,
- `4.0.17'), and OS indicates the type of operating system for which the
- distribution is intended (for example, `pc-linux-i686').
- In addition to these generic packages, we also offer binaries in
- platform-specific package formats for selected platforms. See *Note
- quick-standard-installation:: for more information on how to install
- these.
- You need the following tools to install a MySQL `tar' file binary
- distribution:
- * GNU `gunzip' to uncompress the distribution.
- * A reasonable `tar' to unpack the distribution. GNU `tar' is known
- to work. Some operating systems come with a pre-installed version
- of `tar' that is known to have problems. For example, Mac OS X
- `tar' and Sun `tar' are known to have problems with long
- filenames. On Mac OS X, you can use the pre-installed `gnutar'
- program. On other systems with a deficient `tar', you should
- install GNU `tar' first.
- If you run into problems, _please always use `mysqlbug'_ when posting
- questions to a MySQL mailing list. Even if the problem is not a bug,
- `mysqlbug' gathers system information that helps others solve your
- problem. By not using `mysqlbug', you lessen the likelihood of getting
- a solution to your problem. You can find `mysqlbug' in the `bin'
- directory after you unpack the distribution. See *Note bug-reports::.
- The basic commands you must execute to install and use a MySQL binary
- distribution are:
- shell> groupadd mysql
- shell> useradd -g mysql mysql
- shell> cd /usr/local
- shell> gunzip < /PATH/TO/MYSQL-VERSION-OS.tar.gz | tar xvf -
- shell> ln -s FULL-PATH-TO-MYSQL-VERSION-OS mysql
- shell> cd mysql
- shell> scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql
- shell> chown -R root .
- shell> chown -R mysql data
- shell> chgrp -R mysql .
- shell> bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql &
- For versions of MySQL older than 4.0, substitute `bin/safe_mysqld' for
- `bin/mysqld_safe' in the final command.
- *Note*: This procedure does not set up any passwords for MySQL
- accounts. After following the procedure, proceed to *Note
- post-installation::.
- A more detailed version of the preceding description for installing a
- binary distribution follows:
- 1. Add a login user and group for `mysqld' to run as:
- shell> groupadd mysql
- shell> useradd -g mysql mysql
- These commands add the `mysql' group and the `mysql' user. The
- syntax for `useradd' and `groupadd' may differ slightly on
- different versions of Unix. They may also be called `adduser' and
- `addgroup'.
- You might want to call the user and group something else instead
- of `mysql'. If so, substitute the appropriate name in the
- following steps.
- 2. Pick the directory under which you want to unpack the
- distribution, and change location into it. In the following
- example, we unpack the distribution under `/usr/local'. (The
- instructions, therefore, assume that you have permission to create
- files and directories in `/usr/local'. If that directory is
- protected, you need to perform the installation as `root'.)
- shell> cd /usr/local
- 3. Obtain a distribution file from one of the sites listed in *Note
- getting-mysql::. For a given release, binary distributions for all
- platforms are built from the same MySQL source distribution.
- 4. Unpack the distribution, which creates the installation directory.
- Then create a symbolic link to that directory:
- shell> gunzip < /PATH/TO/MYSQL-VERSION-OS.tar.gz | tar xvf -
- shell> ln -s FULL-PATH-TO-MYSQL-VERSION-OS mysql
- The `tar' command creates a directory named `mysql-VERSION-OS'.
- The `ln' command makes a symbolic link to that directory. This
- lets you refer more easily to the installation directory as
- `/usr/local/mysql'.
- With GNU `tar', no separate invocation of `gunzip' is necessary.
- You can replace the first line with the following alternative
- command to uncompress and extract the distribution:
- shell> tar zxvf /PATH/TO/MYSQL-VERSION-OS.tar.gz
- 5. Change location into the installation directory:
- shell> cd mysql
- You can find several files and subdirectories in the `mysql'
- directory. The most important for installation purposes are the
- `bin' and `scripts' subdirectories.
- * `bin'
- This directory contains client programs and the server. You
- should add the full pathname of this directory to your `PATH'
- environment variable so that your shell finds the MySQL
- programs properly. See *Note environment-variables::.
- * `scripts'
- This directory contains the `mysql_install_db' script used to
- initialize the `mysql' database containing the grant tables
- that store the server access permissions.
- 6. If you have not installed MySQL before, you must create the MySQL
- grant tables:
- shell> scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql
- If you run the command as `root', you should use the -user option
- as shown. The value of the option should be the name of the login
- account that you created in the first step to use for running the
- server. If you run the command while logged in as that user, you
- can omit the -user option.
- Note that for MySQL versions older than 3.22.10,
- `mysql_install_db' left the server running after creating the
- grant tables. This is no longer true; you need to restart the
- server after performing the remaining steps in this procedure.
- 7. Change the ownership of program binaries to `root' and ownership
- of the data directory to the user that you run `mysqld' as.
- Assuming that you are located in the installation directory
- (`/usr/local/mysql'), the commands look like this:
- shell> chown -R root .
- shell> chown -R mysql data
- shell> chgrp -R mysql .
- The first command changes the owner attribute of the files to the
- `root' user. The second changes the owner attribute of the data
- directory to the `mysql' user. The third changes the group
- attribute to the `mysql' group.
- 8. If you would like MySQL to start automatically when you boot your
- machine, you can copy `support-files/mysql.server' to the location
- where your system has its startup files. More information can be
- found in the `mysql.server' script itself, and in *Note
- automatic-start::.
- 9. You can set up new accounts using the `bin/mysql_setpermission'
- script if you install the `DBI' and `DBD::mysql' Perl modules. For
- instructions, see *Note perl-support::.
- 10. If you would like to use `mysqlaccess' and have the MySQL
- distribution in some non-standard location, you must change the
- location where `mysqlaccess' expects to find the `mysql' client.
- Edit the `bin/mysqlaccess' script at approximately line 18. Search
- for a line that looks like this:
- $MYSQL = '/usr/local/bin/mysql'; # path to mysql executable
- Change the path to reflect the location where `mysql' actually is
- stored on your system. If you do not do this, a `Broken pipe' error
- will occur when you run `mysqlaccess'.
- After everything has been unpacked and installed, you should test your
- distribution.
- You can start the MySQL server with the following command:
- shell> bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql &
- For versions of MySQL older than 4.0, substitute `bin/safe_mysqld' for
- `bin/mysqld_safe' in the command.
- More information about `mysqld_safe' is given in *Note mysqld-safe::.
- *Note*: The accounts that are listed in the MySQL grant tables
- initially have no passwords. After starting the server, you should set
- up passwords for them using the instructions in *Note
- post-installation::.