cstring_hdr.cpp
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上传日期:2022-06-29
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书籍源码
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Visual C++
- /*
- * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fourth Edition", by Stanley B.
- * Lippman, Jose Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
- * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
- *
- * "Copyright (c) 2005 by Objectwrite, Inc., Jose Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
- *
- *
- * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
- * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
- * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
- * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
- * use of the information or programs contained herein."
- *
- * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
- * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
- * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
- * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
- * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
- * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
- * address:
- *
- * Pearson Education, Inc.
- * Rights and Contracts Department
- * 75 Arlington Street, Suite 300
- * Boston, MA 02216
- * Fax: (617) 848-7047
- */
- #include <string>
- using std::string;
- #include <iostream>
- using std::cout; using std::endl;
- #include <cstring>
- int main() {
- const char *cp1 = "A string example";
- const char *cp2 = "A different string";
- int i = strcmp(cp1, cp2); // i is positive
- i = strcmp(cp2, cp1); // i is negative
- i = strcmp(cp1, cp1); // i is zero
- cout << strlen(cp1) << endl; // prints 16; strlen ignores the null
- if (cp1 < cp2) // compares addresses, not the values pointed to
- ;
- char ca[] = {'C', '+', '+'}; // not null-terminated
- cout << strlen(ca) << endl; // disaster: ca isn't null-terminated
- // behavior of this print statement is undefined
- // Dangerous: What happens if we miscalculate the size of largeStr?
- char largeStr[16 + 18 + 2]; // will hold cp1 a space and cp2
- strcpy(largeStr, cp1); // copies cp1 into largeStr
- strcat(largeStr, " "); // adds a space at end of largeStr
- strcat(largeStr, cp2); // concatenates cp2 to largeStr
- // prints A string example A different string
- cout << largeStr << endl;
- // Somewhat safer: use the ``strn'' versions to copy and concatenate
- {
- char largeStr[16 + 18 + 2]; // to hold cp1 a space and cp2
- strncpy(largeStr, cp1, 17); // size to copy includes the null
- strncat(largeStr, " ", 2); // pedantic, but a good habit
- strncat(largeStr, cp2, 19); // adds at most 18 characters, plus a null
- cout << largeStr << endl;
- }
- // Best approach: use strings not char arrays!
- {
- string largeStr = cp1; // initialize largeStr as a copy of cp1
- largeStr += " "; // add space at end of largeStr
- largeStr += cp2; // concatenate cp2 onto end of largeStr
- cout << largeStr << endl;
- }
- return 0;
- }