compare.cpp
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上传日期:2022-06-29
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书籍源码
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Visual C++
- /*
- * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fourth Edition", by Stanley B.
- * Lippman, Jose Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
- * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
- *
- * "Copyright (c) 2005 by Objectwrite, Inc., Jose Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
- *
- *
- * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
- * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
- * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
- * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
- * use of the information or programs contained herein."
- *
- * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
- * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
- * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
- * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
- * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
- * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
- * address:
- *
- * Pearson Education, Inc.
- * Rights and Contracts Department
- * 75 Arlington Street, Suite 300
- * Boston, MA 02216
- * Fax: (617) 848-7047
- */
- #include "tmpl_preamble.h"
- #include "Sales_item.h"
- // implement strcmp-like generic compare function
- // returns 0 if the values are equal, 1 if v1 is larger, -1 if v1 is smaller
- template <typename T>
- int compare(const T &v1, const T &v2)
- {
- if (v1 < v2) return -1;
- if (v2 < v1) return 1;
- return 0;
- }
- // repeats body of compare but with comments
- int f(int v1, int v2)
- {
- if (v1 < v2) return -1; // < on two objects of type T
- if (v2 < v1) return 1; // < on two objects of type T
- return 0; // return int; not dependent on T
- }
- // special version of compare to handle C-style character strings
- template <>
- int compare<const char*>(const char* const &v1,
- const char* const &v2)
- {
- return strcmp(v1, v2);
- }
- // returns 0 if the values are equal, -1 if v1 is smaller, 1 if v2 is smaller
- int compare(const string &v1, const string &v2)
- {
- if (v1 < v2) return -1;
- if (v2 < v1) return 1;
- return 0;
- }
- int compare(const double &v1, const double &v2)
- {
- if (v1 < v2) return -1;
- if (v2 < v1) return 1;
- return 0;
- }
- int main()
- {
- // T is int;
- // compiler instantiates int compare(const int&, const int&)
- cout << compare(1, 0) << endl;
- // T is string;
- // compiler instantiates int compare(const string&, const string&)
- string s1 = "hi", s2 = "world";
- cout << compare(s1, s2) << endl;
- {
- short s1, s2;
- int i1, i2;
- compare(i1, i2); // ok: instantiate compare(int, int)
- compare(s1, s2); // ok: instantiate compare(short, short)
- }
- char *cp1 = "world", *cp2 = "hi";
- cout << compare(cp1, cp2) << endl; // compares pointer values!
- {
- const char *cp1 = "world", *cp2 = "hi";
- int i1, i2;
- compare(cp1, cp2); // calls the specialization
- compare(i1, i2); // calls the generic version instantiated with int
- }
- {
- const char *cp1 = "world", *cp2 = "hi";
- compare<string>(cp1, cp2); // converts arguments to string
- }
- return 0;
- }