value-ptr.cpp
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上传日期:2022-06-29
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书籍源码
开发平台:
Visual C++
- /*
- * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fourth Edition", by Stanley B.
- * Lippman, Jose Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
- * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
- *
- * "Copyright (c) 2005 by Objectwrite, Inc., Jose Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
- *
- *
- * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
- * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
- * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
- * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
- * use of the information or programs contained herein."
- *
- * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
- * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
- * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
- * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
- * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
- * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
- * address:
- *
- * Pearson Education, Inc.
- * Rights and Contracts Department
- * 75 Arlington Street, Suite 300
- * Boston, MA 02216
- * Fax: (617) 848-7047
- */
- #include <iostream>
- using std::ostream; using std::cout; using std::endl;
- #include <string>
- /*
- * Valuelike behavior even though HasPtr has a pointer member:
- * Each time we copy a HasPtr object, we make a new copy of the
- * underlying int object to which ptr points.
- */
- class HasPtr {
- public:
- // no point to passing a pointer if we're going to copy it anyway
- // store pointer to a copy of the object we're given
- HasPtr(const int &p, int i): ptr(new int(p)), val(i) {}
- // copy members and increment the use count
- HasPtr(const HasPtr &orig):
- ptr(new int (*orig.ptr)), val(orig.val) { }
- HasPtr& operator=(const HasPtr&);
- // wrong: don't define a destructor without also defining copy and assign
- ~HasPtr() { delete ptr; }
- friend ostream& operator<<(ostream&, const HasPtr&);
- // accessors must change to fetch value from Ptr object
- int get_ptr_val() const { return *ptr; }
- int get_int() const { return val; }
- // change the appropriate data member
- void set_ptr(int *p) { ptr = p; }
- void set_int(int i) { val = i; }
- // return or change the value pointed to, so ok for const objects
- int *get_ptr() const { return ptr; }
- void set_ptr_val(int p) const { *ptr = p; }
- private:
- int *ptr; // points to an int
- int val;
- };
- HasPtr& HasPtr::operator=(const HasPtr &rhs)
- {
- // Note: Every HasPtr is guaranteed to point at an actual int;
- // We know that ptr cannot be a zero pointer
- *ptr = *rhs.ptr; // copy the value pointed to
- val = rhs.val; // copy the int
- return *this;
- }
- ostream& operator<<(ostream &os, const HasPtr &hp)
- {
- os << "*ptr: " << hp.get_ptr_val() << "tval: " << hp.get_int() << endl;
- return os;
- }
- int main()
- {
- int obj = 0;
- HasPtr ptr1(obj, 42); // int* member points copy of obj, val is 42
- HasPtr ptr2(ptr1); // int* member points new copy obj, val is 42
- cout << "(1) ptr1: " << ptr1 << endl << "ptr2: " << ptr2 << endl;
- ptr1.set_ptr_val(42); // sets copy in ptr1; value in ptr2 unchanged
- ptr2.get_ptr_val(); // returns 0
- cout << "(2) ptr1: " << ptr1 << endl << "ptr2: " << ptr2 << endl;
- ptr1.set_int(0); // changes val member only in ptr1
- ptr2.get_int(); // returns 42
- ptr1.get_int(); // returns 0
- cout << "(3) ptr1: " << ptr1 << endl << "ptr2: " << ptr2 << endl;
- int *ip = new int(42); // dynamically allocated int initialized to 42
- HasPtr ptr(*ip, 10); // HasPtr points to same object as ip does
- delete ip; // object pointed to by ip is freed
- ptr.set_ptr_val(0); // ok: ptr has its own copy
- cout << "(4) ptr: " << ptr << endl;
- }