solarsys.ssc
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- # Planets and major natural satellites of the solar system. Though the IAU
- # reclassified Pluto as a dwarf planet in 2006, it is still present in this
- # file for historical reasons. There's no defined distinction between 'major'
- # and 'minor' satellites. For the most part, the moons included in this file
- # are the ones known before the era of Solar System exploration by spacecraft.
- # The rest of the solarsystem's natural satellites are in minormoons.ssc and
- # numberedmoons.ssc.
- #
- # The orbital and physical data for the planets necessarily come from a
- # variety of sources.
- #
- #
- # === Orbits ===
- #
- # CustomOrbits are used for most of the large bodies in the solar system.
- # These are orbital calculations built into Celestia. In most cases,
- # EllipticalOrbits are provided as well in order to give the reader of this
- # file some rough idea of the shape and size of a body's orbit. If a body has
- # a CustomOrbit defined, its EllipticalOrbit is *not* used by Celestia; the
- # CustomOrbit will override the EllipticalOrbit.
- #
- # For the planets, the orbits are calculated using the VSOP87 theory
- # (P. Bretagnon and G. Francou, "Planetary theories in rectangular and
- # spherical variables. VSOP87 solutions", Astronomy & Astrophysics 202
- # (1988) 309-315.
- #
- # The orbits of the Galilean satellites are from J. H. Lieske's "E5" theory
- # as given in Jean Meeus's _Astronomical Algorithms_, pp. 301-315
- #
- # The orbits of the following Saturnian satellites are from Gerard Dourneau
- # (1987), "Observations et etude du mouvement des huit premiers satellites
- # de Saturne":
- # Mimas, Enceladus, Tethys, Dione, Rhea, Titan, Hyperion, Iapetus
- #
- # The orbits of the five largest Uranian satellites are from Laskar and
- # Jacobson (1978), "An Analytical Ephemeris of the Uranian Satellites"
- # (Miranda, Ariel, Umbriel, Titania, and Oberon)
- #
- # **** IMPORTANT ****
- # For applications where more accuracy is required, the orbits of any solar
- # system body may be replaced by a SPICE kernel or a file of postion/velocity
- # samples. Detailed documentation on how to do this may be found on the
- # Celestia WikiBook:
- # http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Celestia/Trajectories#CustomOrbit
- # It is also possible to use JPL's DE405 or DE406 ephemeris For the positions
- # of the planets, Moon, and Pluto. Details are here:
- # http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Celestia/JPL_Ephemerides
- # *******************
- #
- #
- # === Rotational Elements ===
- #
- # For most bodies, IAU rotational elements are used. These are implemented
- # internally by Celestia and selected by using a CustomRotation. The IAU
- # rotational elements are given here:
- # http://astrogeology.usgs.gov/Projects/WGCCRE/
- #
- # UniformRotations are also listed for purely informational reasons; they are
- # overridden by CustomRotations (when present.)
- #
- #
- # When alternate data sources are used for orbits or rotational elements, the
- # source is noted by a comment in the body definition
- "Mercury" "Sol"
- {
- Texture "mercury.*"
- Radius 2440
- CustomOrbit "vsop87-mercury"
- # Overridden by CustomOrbit
- # EllipticalOrbit {
- # Period 0.2408
- # SemiMajorAxis 0.3871
- # Eccentricity 0.2056
- # Inclination 7.0049
- # AscendingNode 48.33167
- # LongOfPericenter 77.456
- # MeanLongitude 252.251
- # }
- BodyFrame { EquatorJ2000 {} }
- CustomRotation "iau-mercury"
- # Overridden by CustomRotation
- # UniformRotation
- # {
- # Period 1407.509405
- # Inclination 28.55
- # AscendingNode 11.01
- # MeridianAngle 329.548
- # }
- Albedo 0.06
- }
- "Venus" "Sol"
- {
- Texture "venussurface.*"
- # BumpMap "venusbump.*"
- HazeColor [ 0.5 0.35 0.2 ]
- HazeDensity 0.35
- Radius 6052
- Atmosphere {
- Height 60
- Lower [ 0.8 0.8 0.5 ]
- Upper [ 0.6 0.6 0.6 ]
- Sky [ 0.8 0.8 0.5 ]
- CloudMap "venus.jpg"
- CloudHeight 50
- CloudSpeed 90
- }
- CustomOrbit "vsop87-venus"
- # Overridden by CustomOrbit
- # EllipticalOrbit
- # {
- # Period 0.6152
- # SemiMajorAxis 0.7233
- # Eccentricity 0.0068
- # Inclination 3.3947
- # AscendingNode 76.681
- # LongOfPericenter 131.533
- # MeanLongitude 181.979
- # }
- BodyFrame { EquatorJ2000 {} }
- # CustomRotation "iau-venus"
- # IAU Venus definition is simple uniform rotation
- UniformRotation
- {
- Period 5832.443616
- Inclination 157.16
- AscendingNode 182.76
- MeridianAngle 19.80
- }
- Albedo 0.77
- }
- "Earth" "Sol"
- {
- Texture "earth.*"
- NightTexture "earthnight.*"
-
- # SpecularTexture "earth-spec.*"
- Color [ 0.85 0.85 1.0 ]
- SpecularColor [ 0.8 0.8 0.85 ]
- SpecularPower 25.0
- HazeColor [ 1 1 1 ]
- HazeDensity 0.3
- Radius 6378.140 # equatorial
- # Oblateness 0.0034
- Atmosphere {
- Height 60
- Lower [ 0.43 0.52 0.65 ]
- Upper [ 0.26 0.47 0.84 ]
- Sky [ 0.40 0.6 1.0 ]
- Sunset [ 1.0 0.6 0.2 ]
- CloudHeight 7
- CloudSpeed 65
- CloudMap "earth-clouds.*"
- CloudShadowDepth 1.0
- Mie 0.001
- MieAsymmetry -0.25
- Rayleigh [ 0.001 0.0025 0.006 ]
- MieScaleHeight 12
- }
- CustomOrbit "vsop87-earth"
- # Overridden by CustomOrbit
- # EllipticalOrbit {
- # Period 1.0000
- # SemiMajorAxis 1.0000
- # Eccentricity 0.0167
- # Inclination 0.0001
- # AscendingNode 348.739
- # LongOfPericenter 102.947
- # MeanLongitude 100.464
- # }
- # Orientation of Earth's axis with respect to the ecliptic plane and
- # equinox of J2000 is computed with the long period extension of
- # extension of the the P03 precession model presented in
- # "Long-periodic Precession Parameters", J. Vondrak (2006)
- BodyFrame { EclipticJ2000 {} }
- CustomRotation "earth-p03lp"
- # Overriden by CustomRotation
- # UniformRotation
- # {
- # Period 23.93447117
- # Inclination -23.4392911
- # MeridianAngle 280.147
- # }
- Albedo 0.30
- }
- "Moon:Earth I" "Sol/Earth"
- {
- Texture "moon.*"
- BumpMap "moonbump.*"
- BumpHeight 3.5
- Radius 1737.53
- # Oblateness 0.002
- InfoURL "http://www.nineplanets.org/luna.html"
- CustomOrbit "moon"
- # Overridden by CustomOrbit
- # EllipticalOrbit {
- # Period 27.321661
- # SemiMajorAxis 384400
- # Eccentricity 0.054900
- # Inclination 5.15
- # }
- OrbitFrame {
- EquatorJ2000 { Center "Sol/Earth" }
- }
- BodyFrame { EquatorJ2000 {} }
- CustomRotation "iau-moon"
- # Overriden by CustomRotation
- # UniformRotation
- # {
- # Inclination 23.4608
- # AscendingNode 359.9949
- # MeridianAngle 38.3213
- # }
- LunarLambert 1.0
- Albedo 0.12
- }
- "Mars" "Sol"
- {
- Texture "mars.*"
- # Texture "mars8k.dds"
- BumpMap "marsbump.*"
- BumpHeight 2.5
-
- Color [ 1 0.75 0.7 ]
- HazeColor [ 1 1 1 ]
- HazeDensity 0.45
- Radius 3396 # equatorial
- # Oblateness 0.0069
- Atmosphere {
- Height 30
- Lower [ 0.8 0.6 0.6 ]
- Upper [ 0.7 0.3 0.3 ]
- Sky [ 0.83 0.75 0.65 ]
- Sunset [ 0.7 0.7 0.8 ]
- # Slightly bluish sunset, as seen in true color pictures
- # from Pathfinder
- Mie 0.0024
- MieAsymmetry -0.15
- Rayleigh [ 0.0010 0.0006 0.0003 ]
- Absorption [ 0 0 0 ]
- MieScaleHeight 20
- }
- CustomOrbit "vsop87-mars"
- # Overridden by CustomOrbit
- # EllipticalOrbit
- # {
- # Period 1.8809
- # SemiMajorAxis 1.5237
- # Eccentricity 0.0934
- # Inclination 1.8506
- # AscendingNode 49.479
- # LongOfPericenter 336.041
- # MeanLongitude 355.453
- # }
- BodyFrame { EquatorJ2000 {} }
- CustomRotation "iau-mars"
- # Overriden by CustomRotation
- # UniformRotation
- # {
- # Period 24.622962156
- # Inclination 37.11350
- # AscendingNode 47.68143
- # MeridianAngle 176.630
- # }
- Albedo 0.150
- }
- "Phobos:Mars I" "Sol/Mars"
- {
- Mesh "phobos.cmod"
- Texture "phobos.*"
- Radius 13.0 # maximum semi-axis
- MeshCenter [ -0.233 -0.156 -0.168 ]
- EllipticalOrbit
- {
- Epoch 2455198 # 2010 Jan 1 12:00
- Period 0.31891023 # mean
- SemiMajorAxis 9377.2 # mean
- Eccentricity 0.0151 # mean
- Inclination 1.082 # mean
- AscendingNode 16.946
- ArgOfPericenter 157.116
- MeanAnomaly 271.138
- }
- BodyFrame { EquatorJ2000 {} }
- CustomRotation "iau-phobos"
- # Overriden by CustomRotation
- # UniformRotation
- # {
- # Inclination 37.10
- # AscendingNode 47.68
- # MeridianAngle 35.06
- # }
- Albedo 0.07
- }
- "Deimos:Mars II" "Sol/Mars"
- {
- Mesh "deimos.cmod"
- Texture "deimos.*"
- Radius 7.9 # maximum semi-axis
- MeshCenter [ -0.299 -0.284 0.369 ]
- EllipticalOrbit
- {
- Epoch 2455198 # 2010 Jan 1 12:00
- Period 1.2624407 # mean
- SemiMajorAxis 23463.2 # mean
- Eccentricity 0.00033 # mean
- Inclination 1.791 # mean
- AscendingNode 318.370
- ArgOfPericenter 358.233
- MeanAnomaly 158.554
- }
- BodyFrame { EquatorJ2000 {} }
- CustomRotation "iau-deimos"
- # Overriden by CustomRotation
- # UniformRotation
- # {
- # Inclination 36.48
- # AscendingNode 47.65
- # MeridianAngle 79.41
- # }
- Albedo 0.08
- }
- "Jupiter" "Sol"
- {
- Texture "jupiter.*"
- HazeColor [ 0.4 0.45 0.5 ]
- HazeDensity 0.3
- Radius 71492 # equatorial
- Oblateness 0.0649
- CustomOrbit "vsop87-jupiter"
- # Overridden by CustomOrbit
- # EllipticalOrbit
- # {
- # Period 11.8622
- # SemiMajorAxis 5.2034
- # Eccentricity 0.0484
- # Inclination 1.3053
- # AscendingNode 100.556
- # LongOfPericenter 14.7539
- # MeanLongitude 34.404
- # }
- Atmosphere {
- Height 300
- Lower [ 0.7 0.6 0.5 ]
- Upper [ 0.5 0.45 0.4 ]
- Sky [ 0.8 0.8 0.5 ]
- Sunset [ 1.0 0.6 0.2 ]
- }
- # IAU rotation not used for Jupiter; it is based on System III
- # (radio emissions), not the cloud positions. In Celestia, we're
- # more interested in having the Great Red Spot appear in the
- # (approximately) correct place.
- BodyFrame { EclipticJ2000 {} }
- UniformRotation
- {
- Period 9.927953 # System II (for GRS)
- # Period 9.92491250 # System III (radio emissions)
- Inclination 2.22
- AscendingNode 337.80
- MeridianAngle 334 # for correct position of GRS, July 2008
- # (equal to 461 minus current W longitude of GRS)
- # MeridianAngle 305.38 # correct System III prime meridian
- }
- Albedo 0.51
- }
- "Amalthea:Jupiter V" "Sol/Jupiter"
- {
- Texture "amalthea.*"
- Color [ 0.63 0.45 0.35 ]
- Mesh "amalthea.cmod"
- Radius 134 # maximum semi-axis
- MeshCenter [ -13.616 -0.448 -4.436 ]
- EllipticalOrbit
- {
- Epoch 2452583.763194445 # 2002 Nov 5 06:19UT (Galileo encounter)
- Period 0.498179 # mean
- SemiMajorAxis 181994.78 # at epoch
- Eccentricity 0.0045045 # at epoch
- Inclination 0.384285 # at epoch
- AscendingNode 220.288958 # at epoch
- ArgOfPericenter 301.622765 # at epoch
- MeanAnomaly 315.352094 # at epoch
- }
- BodyFrame { EquatorJ2000 {} }
- CustomRotation "iau-amalthea"
- # Overriden by CustomRotation
- # UniformRotation
- # {
- # Inclination 25.51
- # AscendingNode 358.05
- # MeridianAngle 231.67
- # }
- Albedo 0.06
- }
- "Io:Jupiter I" "Sol/Jupiter"
- {
- Texture "io.*"
- Radius 1821.6
- CustomOrbit "io"
- # Overridden by CustomOrbit
- # EllipticalOrbit
- # {
- # Epoch 2443000.00038375
- # Period 1.769138
- # SemiMajorAxis 421600
- # Eccentricity 0.0041
- # Inclination 0.040
- # AscendingNode 312.981
- # LongOfPericenter 97.735
- # MeanLongitude 106.724
- # }
- BodyFrame { EquatorJ2000 {} }
- CustomRotation "iau-io"
- # Overriden by CustomRotation
- # UniformRotation
- # {
- # Inclination 25.50
- # AscendingNode 358.05
- # MeridianAngle 200.39
- # }
- Albedo 0.61
- }
- AltSurface "limit of knowledge" "Sol/Jupiter/Io"
- {
- Texture "io.*"
- OverlayTexture "io-lok-mask.png"
- }
- "Europa:Jupiter II" "Sol/Jupiter"
- {
- Texture "europa.*"
- Radius 1560.8
- CustomOrbit "europa"
- # Overridden by CustomOrbit
- # EllipticalOrbit
- # {
- # Epoch 2443000.00038375
- # Period 3.551810
- # SemiMajorAxis 670900
- # Eccentricity 0.0101
- # Inclination 0.470
- # AscendingNode 101.087
- # LongOfPericenter 155.512
- # MeanLongitude 176.377
- # }
- BodyFrame { EquatorJ2000 {} }
- CustomRotation "iau-europa"
- # Overriden by CustomRotation
- # UniformRotation
- # {
- # Inclination 25.49
- # AscendingNode 358.08
- # MeridianAngle 36.022
- # }
- Albedo 0.64
- }
- AltSurface "limit of knowledge" "Sol/Jupiter/Europa"
- {
- Texture "europa.*"
- OverlayTexture "europa-lok-mask.png"
- }
- "Ganymede:Jupiter III" "Sol/Jupiter"
- {
- Texture "ganymede.*"
- Radius 2631.2
- CustomOrbit "ganymede"
- # Overridden by CustomOrbit
- # EllipticalOrbit
- # {
- # Epoch 2443000.00038375
- # Period 7.154553
- # SemiMajorAxis 1070000
- # Eccentricity 0.0015
- # Inclination 0.195
- # AscendingNode 119.841
- # LongOfPericenter 188.831
- # MeanLongitude 121.206
- # }
- BodyFrame { EquatorJ2000 {} }
- CustomRotation "iau-ganymede"
- # Overriden by CustomRotation
- # UniformRotation
- # {
- # Inclination 25.43
- # AscendingNode 358.20
- # MeridianAngle 44.064
- # }
- Albedo 0.42
- }
- AltSurface "limit of knowledge" "Sol/Jupiter/Ganymede"
- {
- Texture "ganymede.*"
- OverlayTexture "ganymede-lok-mask.png"
- }
- "Callisto:Jupiter IV" "Sol/Jupiter"
- {
- Texture "callisto.*"
- Radius 2410.3
- CustomOrbit "callisto"
- # Overridden by CustomOrbit
- # EllipticalOrbit
- # {
- # Epoch 2443000.00038375
- # Period 16.689018
- # SemiMajorAxis 1883000
- # Eccentricity 0.007
- # Inclination 0.281
- # AscendingNode 323.265
- # LongOfPericenter 335.933
- # MeanLongitude 85.091
- # }
- BodyFrame { EquatorJ2000 {} }
- CustomRotation "iau-callisto"
- # Overriden by CustomRotation
- # UniformRotation
- # {
- # Inclination 25.17
- # AscendingNode 358.72
- # MeridianAngle 259.51
- # }
- Albedo 0.20
- }
- AltSurface "limit of knowledge" "Sol/Jupiter/Callisto"
- {
- Texture "callisto.*"
- OverlayTexture "callisto-lok-mask.png"
- }
- "Saturn" "Sol"
- {
- Texture "saturn.*"
- Color [ 1.0 1.0 0.85 ]
- HazeColor [ 0.0 0.0 1 ]
- HazeDensity 0.25
- Radius 60268 # equatorial
- Oblateness 0.0980
- CustomOrbit "vsop87-saturn"
- # Overridden by CustomOrbit
- # EllipticalOrbit
- # {
- # Period 29.4577
- # SemiMajorAxis 9.5371
- # Eccentricity 0.0542
- # Inclination 2.4845
- # AscendingNode 113.715
- # LongOfPericenter 92.432
- # MeanLongitude 49.944
- # }
- Atmosphere {
- Height 300
- Lower [ 0.8 0.75 0.65 ]
- Upper [ 0.6 0.55 0.45 ]
- Sky [ 0.8 0.8 0.5 ]
- }
- BodyFrame { EclipticJ2000 {} }
- UniformRotation
- {
- Period 10.65622222 # System III (magnetic field)
- Inclination 28.052
- AscendingNode 169.528
- MeridianAngle 358.93 # correct System III prime meridian
- }
- Albedo 0.50
- Rings {
- Inner 74500 # includes some ringlets inside edge of C ring at 74660
- Outer 140220
- Texture "saturn-rings.png"
- }
- }
- "Prometheus:Saturn XVI:1980 S 27" "Sol/Saturn"
- {
- Texture "prometheus.*"
- Mesh "prometheus.cmod"
- Radius 74 # maximum semi-axis
- MeshCenter [ 0.75 -2.68 1.064 ]
- EllipticalOrbit
- {
- Epoch 2453005.5 # 2004 Jan 1 00:00UT
- Period 0.612986
- SemiMajorAxis 139380
- Eccentricity 0.0023
- Inclination 0.0056
- AscendingNode 226.1099
- LongOfPericenter 23.3280
- MeanLongitude 266.2144
- }
- # orientate meridian at epoch
- UniformRotation
- {
- Epoch 2453005.5 # 2004 Jan 1 00:00UT
- MeridianAngle 86
- }
- Albedo 0.6
- }
- "Pandora:Saturn XVII:1980 S 26" "Sol/Saturn"
- {
- Texture "asteroid.jpg"
- Mesh "pandora.cmod"
- Radius 57 # maximum semi-axis
- MeshCenter [ 0.692 -1.454 -0.422 ]
- EllipticalOrbit
- {
- Epoch 2453005.5 # 2004 Jan 1 00:00UT
- Period 0.6285036
- SemiMajorAxis 141710
- Eccentricity 0.0042
- Inclination 0.0522
- AscendingNode 290.0163
- LongOfPericenter 10.4899
- MeanLongitude 212.6961
- }
- # orientate meridian at epoch
- UniformRotation
- {
- Epoch 2453005.5 # 2004 Jan 1 00:00UT
- MeridianAngle 33
- }
- Albedo 0.5
- }
- "Epimetheus:Saturn XI:1980 S 3" "Sol/Saturn"
- {
- Texture "epimetheus.*"
- Mesh "epimetheus.cmod"
- Radius 72 # maximum semi-axis
- MeshCenter [ -5.196 -2.241 -1.878 ]
- EllipticalOrbit
- {
- Epoch 2453005.5 # 2004 Jan 1 00:00UT
- Period 0.6945 # 0.6943: period set to Janus/Epimetheus average
- SemiMajorAxis 151410
- Eccentricity 0.0098
- Inclination 0.3541
- AscendingNode 45.5973
- LongOfPericenter 358.5774
- MeanLongitude 306.0531
- }
- # orientate meridian at epoch
- UniformRotation
- {
- Epoch 2453005.5 # 2004 Jan 1 00:00UT
- MeridianAngle 126
- }
- Albedo 0.5
- }
- AltSurface "limit of knowledge" "Sol/Saturn/Epimetheus"
- {
- Texture "epimetheus-lok.*"
- }
- "Janus:Saturn X:1980 S 1" "Sol/Saturn"
- {
- Texture "janus.*"
- Mesh "janus.cmod"
- Radius 96 # maximum semi-axis
- MeshCenter [ -1.552 1.358 2.257 ]
- EllipticalOrbit
- {
- Epoch 2453005.5 # 2004 Jan 1 00:00UT
- Period 0.6945 # 0.6947: period set to Janus/Epimetheus average
- SemiMajorAxis 151460
- Eccentricity 0.0067
- Inclination 0.1649
- AscendingNode 8.1758
- LongOfPericenter 248.2856
- MeanLongitude 131.5137
- }
- # orientate meridian at epoch
- UniformRotation
- {
- Epoch 2453005.5 # 2004 Jan 1 00:00UT
- MeridianAngle 312
- }
- Albedo 0.6
- }
- "Mimas:Saturn I" "Sol/Saturn"
- {
- Texture "mimas.*"
- Radius 198.6
- CustomOrbit "mimas"
- # Overridden by CustomOrbit
- # EllipticalOrbit
- # {
- # Period 0.9424218
- # SemiMajorAxis 185520
- # Eccentricity 0.0202
- # Inclination 1.53
- # MeanAnomaly 23
- # }
- BodyFrame { EquatorJ2000 {} }
- CustomRotation "iau-mimas"
- # Overriden by CustomRotation
- # UniformRotation
- # {
- # Inclination 6.48
- # AscendingNode 130.66
- # MeridianAngle 337.46
- # }
- Albedo 0.5
- }
- "Enceladus:Saturn II" "Sol/Saturn"
- {
- Texture "enceladus.*"
- Radius 249.4
- CustomOrbit "enceladus"
- # Overridden by CustomOrbit
- # EllipticalOrbit
- # {
- # Period 1.370218
- # SemiMajorAxis 238020
- # Eccentricity 0.0045
- # Inclination 0.02
- # MeanAnomaly 215
- # }
- BodyFrame { EquatorJ2000 {} }
- CustomRotation "iau-enceladus"
- # Overriden by CustomRotation
- # UniformRotation
- # {
- # Inclination 6.48
- # AscendingNode 130.66
- # MeridianAngle 2.82
- # }
- Albedo 0.99
- }
- "Tethys:Saturn III" "Sol/Saturn"
- {
- Texture "tethys.*"
- Radius 529.9
- CustomOrbit "tethys"
- # Overridden by CustomOrbit
- # EllipticalOrbit
- # {
- # Period 1.887802
- # SemiMajorAxis 294660
- # Eccentricity 0.0
- # Inclination 1.09
- # MeanAnomaly 98
- # }
- BodyFrame { EquatorJ2000 {} }
- CustomRotation "iau-tethys"
- # Overriden by CustomRotation
- # UniformRotation
- # {
- # Inclination 6.48
- # AscendingNode 130.66
- # MeridianAngle 10.45
- # }
- Albedo 0.9
- }
- "Dione:Saturn IV" "Sol/Saturn"
- {
- Texture "dione.*"
- Radius 559
- CustomOrbit "dione"
- # Overridden by CustomOrbit
- # EllipticalOrbit
- # {
- # Period 2.736915
- # SemiMajorAxis 377400
- # Eccentricity 0.0022
- # Inclination 0.02
- # MeanAnomaly 310
- # }
- BodyFrame { EquatorJ2000 {} }
- CustomRotation "iau-dione"
- # Overriden by CustomRotation
- # UniformRotation
- # {
- # Inclination 6.48
- # AscendingNode 130.66
- # MeridianAngle 357.00
- # }
- Albedo 0.7
- }
- "Rhea:Saturn V" "Sol/Saturn"
- {
- Texture "rhea.*"
- Radius 764
- CustomOrbit "rhea"
- # Overridden by CustomOrbit
- # EllipticalOrbit
- # {
- # Period 4.517500
- # SemiMajorAxis 527040
- # Eccentricity 0.0010
- # Inclination 0.35
- # MeanAnomaly 190
- # }
- BodyFrame { EquatorJ2000 {} }
- CustomRotation "iau-rhea"
- # Overriden by CustomRotation
- # UniformRotation
- # {
- # Inclination 6.45
- # AscendingNode 130.38
- # MeridianAngle 235.16
- # }
- Albedo 0.7
- }
- "Titan:Saturn VI" "Sol/Saturn"
- {
- Texture "titan.*"
- Color [0.96 0.805 0.461 ]
- # HazeColor [ 0.781 0.629 0.975 ]
- HazeDensity 0.6
- Radius 2575
- Atmosphere {
- Height 500.0
- Lower [ 0.477 0.367 0.211 ]
- Upper [ 0.96 0.805 0.461 ]
- Sky [ 0.3 0 0 ]
-
- Mie 0.0001
- MieAsymmetry -0.55
- Rayleigh [ 0.0 0.0 0.00017 ]
- Absorption [ 0.000075 0.00030 0.00025 ]
- MieScaleHeight 220.0
- CloudHeight 220.0
- CloudSpeed 65.0
- CloudMap "titan-clouds.*"
- }
-
- CustomOrbit "titan"
- # Overridden by CustomOrbit
- # EllipticalOrbit
- # {
- # Period 15.945421
- # SemiMajorAxis 1221850
- # Eccentricity 0.0292
- # Inclination 0.33
- # MeanAnomaly 120
- # }
- BodyFrame { EquatorJ2000 {} }
- CustomRotation "iau-titan"
- # Overriden by CustomRotation
- # UniformRotation
- # {
- # Inclination 6.06
- # AscendingNode 126.41
- # MeridianAngle 189.64
- # }
- Albedo 0.21
- }
- "Hyperion:Saturn VII" "Sol/Saturn"
- {
- Mesh "hyperion.cmod"
- Texture "hyperion.*" # Phil Stooke
- Radius 171 # maximum semi-axis
- MeshCenter [ -3.424 10.938 4.498 ]
- CustomOrbit "hyperion"
- # Overridden by CustomOrbit
- # EllipticalOrbit
- # {
- # Period 21.276609
- # SemiMajorAxis 1481100
- # Eccentricity 0.1042
- # Inclination 0.43
- # MeanAnomaly 350
- # }
- # The rotation of Hyperion is chaotic; we don't attempt to model
- # the rotation exactly, but instead use non-zero precession rate to
- # make the rotation appear somewhat irregular.
- PrecessingRotation
- {
- Inclination 61 # pole at time of
- AscendingNode 145 # Voyager 2 encounter
- Period 120 # 5-day best-fit rotation
- PrecessionPeriod 0.0192 # 7-day wobble in light curve
- }
- Albedo 0.3
- }
- AltSurface "limit of knowledge" "Sol/Saturn/Hyperion"
- {
- Texture "hyperion-lok.*" # Phil Stooke
- }
- "Iapetus:Saturn VIII" "Sol/Saturn"
- {
- Texture "iapetus.*"
- Radius 718
- CustomOrbit "iapetus"
- # Overridden by CustomOrbit
- # EllipticalOrbit
- # {
- # Period 79.330183
- # SemiMajorAxis 3561300
- # Eccentricity 0.0283
- # Inclination 7.52
- # MeanAnomaly 245
- # }
- BodyFrame { EquatorJ2000 {} }
- CustomRotation "iau-iapetus"
- # Overriden by CustomRotation
- # UniformRotation
- # {
- # Inclination 14.97
- # AscendingNode 48.16
- # MeridianAngle 350.20
- # }
- Albedo 0.2
- }
- "Phoebe:Saturn IX" "Sol/Saturn"
- {
- Mesh "phoebe.cmod"
- Texture "phoebe.*"
- Radius 110
- EllipticalOrbit
- {
- Epoch 2453168.3159722 # 2004 June 11 19:35 (Cassini encounter)
- Period 548.21 # mean
- SemiMajorAxis 12915512.0 # at epoch
- Eccentricity 0.152924 # at epoch
- Inclination 151.668210 # at epoch
- AscendingNode 14.381449 # at epoch
- ArgOfPericenter 281.103195 # at epoch
- MeanAnomaly 31.776215 # at epoch
- }
-
- BodyFrame { EquatorJ2000 {} }
- # Not used; IAU elements appear to be based on pre-Cassini
- # information.
- # CustomRotation "iau-phoebe"
- UniformRotation
- {
- Period 9.2735 # Bauer et al, Astrophysical Journal 2004; 610(2): L57-L60
- Inclination 12.1 # Porco et al, Science 2005; 307: 1237-42
- AscendingNode 86.6 # Porco et al, Science 2005; 307: 1237-42
- MeridianAngle 95 # approximate, from encounter images
- }
- Albedo 0.05
- }
- "Uranus" "Sol"
- {
- Texture "uranus.*"
- Color [ 0.75 0.85 1.0 ]
- HazeColor [ 0.5 0.8 1.0 ]
- HazeDensity 0.2
- Radius 25559 # equatorial
- Oblateness 0.0229
- CustomOrbit "vsop87-uranus"
- # Overridden by CustomOrbit
- # EllipticalOrbit
- # {
- # Period 84.0139
- # SemiMajorAxis 19.1913
- # Eccentricity 0.0472
- # Inclination 0.7699
- # AscendingNode 74.230
- # LongOfPericenter 170.964
- # MeanLongitude 313.232
- # }
- Atmosphere {
- Height 130
- Lower [ 0.75 0.85 1.0 ]
- Upper [ 0.5 0.8 0.9 ]
- Sky [ 0.6 0.7 0.7 ]
- }
- BodyFrame { EclipticJ2000 {} }
- UniformRotation
- {
- Period 17.24 # System III (magnetic field)
- Inclination 97.722
- AscendingNode 167.647
- MeridianAngle 331.13 # correct System III prime meridian
- }
- Albedo 0.66
- Rings {
- Inner 41837
- Outer 51179
- Texture "uranus-rings.png"
- }
- }
- "Miranda:Uranus V" "Sol/Uranus"
- {
- Texture "miranda.*"
- Radius 235.8
- CustomOrbit "miranda"
- # Overridden by CustomOrbit
- # EllipticalOrbit
- # {
- # Period 1.413
- # SemiMajorAxis 129800
- # Eccentricity 0.0027
- # Inclination 4.22
- # MeanAnomaly 120
- # }
- BodyFrame { EquatorJ2000 {} }
- CustomRotation "iau-miranda"
- # Overriden by CustomRotation
- # UniformRotation
- # {
- # Period 33.92350159 # enforce sync rotation
- # Inclination 74.92
- # AscendingNode 167.43
- # MeridianAngle 149.30
- # }
- Albedo 0.32
- }
- AltSurface "limit of knowledge" "Sol/Uranus/Miranda"
- {
- Texture "miranda.*"
- OverlayTexture "miranda-lok-mask.png"
- }
- "Ariel:Uranus I" "Sol/Uranus"
- {
- Texture "ariel.*"
- Radius 578.9
- CustomOrbit "ariel"
- # Overridden by CustomOrbit
- # EllipticalOrbit
- # {
- # Period 2.520
- # SemiMajorAxis 191200
- # Eccentricity 0.0034
- # Inclination 0.31
- # MeanAnomaly 56
- # }
- BodyFrame { EquatorJ2000 {} }
- CustomRotation "iau-ariel"
- # Overriden by CustomRotation
- # UniformRotation
- # {
- # Period 60.48909292 # enforce sync rotation
- # Inclination 74.90
- # AscendingNode 167.43
- # MeridianAngle 23.78
- # }
- Albedo 0.39
- }
- AltSurface "limit of knowledge" "Sol/Uranus/Ariel"
- {
- Texture "ariel.*"
- OverlayTexture "ariel-lok-mask.png"
- }
- "Umbriel:Uranus II" "Sol/Uranus"
- {
- Texture "umbriel.*"
- Radius 584.7
- CustomOrbit "umbriel"
- # Overridden by CustomOrbit
- # EllipticalOrbit
- # {
- # Period 4.144
- # SemiMajorAxis 266000
- # Eccentricity 0.0050
- # Inclination 0.36
- # MeanAnomaly 280
- # }
- BodyFrame { EquatorJ2000 {} }
- CustomRotation "iau-umbriel"
- # Overriden by CustomRotation
- # UniformRotation
- # {
- # Period 99.46022991 # enforce sync rotation
- # Inclination 74.90
- # AscendingNode 167.43
- # MeridianAngle 71.95
- # }
- Albedo 0.21
- }
- AltSurface "limit of knowledge" "Sol/Uranus/Umbriel"
- {
- Texture "umbriel.*"
- OverlayTexture "umbriel-lok-mask.png"
- }
- "Titania:Uranus III" "Sol/Uranus"
- {
- Texture "titania.*"
- Radius 788.9
- CustomOrbit "titania"
- # Overridden by CustomOrbit
- # EllipticalOrbit
- # {
- # Period 8.706
- # SemiMajorAxis 435800
- # Eccentricity 0.0022
- # Inclination 0.10
- # MeanAnomaly 30
- # }
- BodyFrame { EquatorJ2000 {} }
- CustomRotation "iau-titania"
- # Overriden by CustomRotation
- # UniformRotation
- # {
- # Period 208.94077099 # enforce sync rotation
- # Inclination 74.90
- # AscendingNode 167.43
- # MeridianAngle 102.26
- # }
- Albedo 0.27
- }
- AltSurface "limit of knowledge" "Sol/Uranus/Titania"
- {
- Texture "titania.*"
- OverlayTexture "titania-lok-mask.png"
- }
- "Oberon:Uranus IV" "Sol/Uranus"
- {
- Texture "oberon.*"
- Radius 761.4
- CustomOrbit "oberon"
- # Overridden by CustomOrbit
- # EllipticalOrbit
- # {
- # Period 13.463
- # SemiMajorAxis 583600
- # Eccentricity 0.0008
- # Inclination 0.10
- # MeanAnomaly 150
- # }
- BodyFrame { EquatorJ2000 {} }
- CustomRotation "iau-oberon"
- # Overriden by CustomRotation
- # UniformRotation
- # {
- # Period 323.117567539 # enforce sync rotation
- # Inclination 74.90
- # AscendingNode 167.43
- # MeridianAngle 173.23
- # }
- Albedo 0.23
- }
- AltSurface "limit of knowledge" "Sol/Uranus/Oberon"
- {
- Texture "oberon.*"
- OverlayTexture "oberon-lok-mask.png"
- }
- "Neptune" "Sol"
- {
- Texture "neptune.*"
- Color [ 0.75 0.75 1.0 ]
- HazeColor [ 0.6 1 0.75 ]
- HazeDensity 0.35
- Radius 24766 # equatorial
- Oblateness 0.017
- CustomOrbit "vsop87-neptune"
- # Overridden by CustomOrbit
- # EllipticalOrbit
- # {
- # Period 164.793
- # SemiMajorAxis 30.0690
- # Eccentricity 0.0086
- # Inclination 1.7692
- # AscendingNode 131.722
- # LongOfPericenter 44.971
- # MeanLongitude 304.880
- # }
- Atmosphere {
- Height 130
- Lower [ 0.6 0.65 1.0 ]
- Upper [ 0.5 0.55 0.9 ]
- Sky [ 0.5 0.7 0.9 ]
- }
- BodyFrame { EclipticJ2000 {} }
- UniformRotation
- {
- Period 16.11 # System III (magnetic field)
- Inclination 28.03
- AscendingNode 49.24
- MeridianAngle 228.66 # correct System III prime meridian
- }
- Albedo 0.62
- Rings {
- Inner 53150
- Outer 62947
- Texture "neptune-rings.png"
- }
- }
- "Larissa:Neptune VII:1989 N 2" "Sol/Neptune"
- {
- Texture "asteroid.jpg"
- Mesh "larissa.cmod"
- Radius 100 # maximum semi-axis
- MeshCenter [ 4.564 -0.126 0.302 ]
- EllipticalOrbit
- {
- Period 0.554654
- SemiMajorAxis 73548
- Eccentricity 0.0014
- Inclination 0.744
- AscendingNode 324.857
- ArgOfPericenter 215.004 # J2000.0
- MeanAnomaly 157.543
- }
- BodyFrame { EquatorJ2000 {} }
- UniformRotation
- {
- Inclination 46.59
- AscendingNode 29.36
- MeridianAngle 179.41
- }
- Albedo 0.056
- }
- "Proteus:Neptune VIII:1989 N 1" "Sol/Neptune"
- {
- Mesh "proteus.cmod"
- Texture "proteus.*" # Phil Stooke
- Radius 219 # maximum semi-axis
- MeshCenter [ -4.146 -0.022 5.153 ]
- EllipticalOrbit
- {
- Epoch 2450085.5 # 1996 Jan 3 00:00UT
- Period 1.122315 # mean
- SemiMajorAxis 117647 # mean
- Eccentricity 0.0005 # mean
- Inclination 1.090 # at epoch
- AscendingNode 330.943 # at epoch
- ArgOfPericenter 267.246 # at epoch
- MeanAnomaly 213.916 # at epoch
- }
- BodyFrame { EquatorJ2000 {} }
- UniformRotation
- {
- Inclination 47.09
- AscendingNode 29.27
- MeridianAngle 93.38
- }
- Albedo 0.061
- }
- "Triton:Neptune I" "Sol/Neptune"
- {
- Texture "triton.*"
- Radius 1353.4
- Atmosphere {
- Height 1
- Lower [ 0.5 0.5 0.5 ]
- Upper [ 0.5 0.5 0.5 ]
- Sky [ 0.0 0.0 0.0 ]
- }
- EllipticalOrbit
- {
- Epoch 2447763.5 # 1989 Aug 25 00:00UT (Voyager encounter)
- Period 5.8768541 # mean
- SemiMajorAxis 354765.286 # at epoch
- Eccentricity 0.00002285 # at epoch
- Inclination 156.826240 # at epoch
- AscendingNode 147.899288 # at epoch
- ArgOfPericenter 293.092400 # at epoch
- MeanAnomaly 315.726316 # at epoch
- }
- BodyFrame { EquatorJ2000 {} }
- UniformRotation
- {
- Epoch 2447763.5 # 1989 Aug 25 00:00UT (Voyager encounter)
- Inclination 110.44 # at epoch
- AscendingNode 206.17 # at epoch
- MeridianAngle 77.41 # at epoch
- }
- Albedo 0.756
- }
- AltSurface "limit of knowledge" "Sol/Neptune/Triton"
- {
- Texture "triton.*"
- OverlayTexture "triton-lok-mask.png"
- }
- "Nereid:Neptune II" "Sol/Neptune"
- {
- Mesh "asteroid.cms"
- Texture "asteroid.jpg"
- Radius 170
- EllipticalOrbit
- {
- Epoch 2447763.5 # 1989 Aug 25 00:00UT (Voyager encounter)
- Period 360.13619 # mean
- SemiMajorAxis 5513400 # mean
- Eccentricity 0.7512 # mean
- Inclination 28.385 # at epoch
- AscendingNode 190.678 # at epoch
- ArgOfPericenter 17.690 # at epoch
- MeanAnomaly 36.056 # at epoch
- }
- # Figure of 11.52 +/- 0.14 hours from Grav, T. et al. (2003)
- # "The Short Rotation Period of Nereid", ApJ 591
- UniformRotation
- {
- Period 11.52
- }
- Albedo 0.155
- }
- ReferencePoint "Pluto-Charon" "Sol"
- {
- CustomOrbit "pluto"
- # Make the orbit and label visible
- Visible true
- Clickable true
- }
- # Updated from "Masses of Nix and Hydra" Tholen et al.
- # http://arxiv.org/ftp/arxiv/papers/0712/0712.1261.pdf
- "Pluto:134340 Pluto" "Sol"
- {
- Class "dwarfplanet"
- Texture "pluto-lok.*"
- SpecularTexture "pluto-lok-spec.*"
- SpecularColor [ 0.135 0.12 0.08 ]
- SpecularPower 9.5
- Radius 1151
- OrbitFrame {
- EquatorJ2000 { Center "Sol/Pluto-Charon" }
- }
- BodyFrame {
- EclipticJ2000 { Center "Sol/Pluto-Charon" }
- }
- EllipticalOrbit
- {
- Epoch 2452600.5 # 2002 Nov 22
- Period 6.387206 # mean
- SemiMajorAxis 2043.1 # mass ratio of 0.1166
- Eccentricity 0.003484 # mean
- Inclination 96.1680 # mean
- AscendingNode 223.0539 # mean
- ArgOfPericenter 337.92 # mean
- MeanLongitude 77.960
- }
- UniformRotation
- {
- Period 153.292944
- Inclination 115.60
- AscendingNode 228.34
- MeridianAngle 320.75
- }
-
- Albedo 0.55
- }
- AltSurface "limit of knowledge" "Sol/Pluto"
- {
- Texture "pluto-lok.*"
- SpecularTexture "pluto-lok-spec.*"
- SpecularColor [ 0.135 0.12 0.08 ]
- SpecularPower 9.5
- }
- "Charon:Pluto I:134340 Pluto I:1978 P 1" "Sol/Pluto"
- {
- Texture "charon-lok.*"
- SpecularTexture "charon-lok-spec.*"
- SpecularColor [ 0.135 0.12 0.08 ]
- SpecularPower 9.5
- Radius 593
- InfoURL "http://www.nineplanets.org/pluto.html#Charon"
- OrbitFrame {
- EquatorJ2000 { Center "Sol/Pluto-Charon" }
- }
- BodyFrame {
- EclipticJ2000 { Center "Sol/Pluto-Charon" }
- }
- EllipticalOrbit
- {
- Epoch 2452600.5 # 2002 Nov 22
- Period 6.387206
- SemiMajorAxis 17527.4 # mass ratio of 0.1166
- Eccentricity 0.003484 # mean
- Inclination 96.1680 # mean
- AscendingNode 223.0539 # mean
- ArgOfPericenter 157.92 # mean
- MeanLongitude 257.960
- }
- UniformRotation
- {
- Period 153.292944
- Inclination 115.9
- AscendingNode 227.3
- MeridianAngle 140.4
- }
-
- Albedo 0.35
- }
- AltSurface "limit of knowledge" "Sol/Pluto/Charon"
- {
- Texture "charon-lok.*"
- SpecularTexture "charon-lok-spec.*"
- SpecularColor [ 0.135 0.12 0.08 ]
- SpecularPower 9.5
- }