NEWS
上传用户:qaz666999
上传日期:2022-08-06
资源大小:2570k
文件大小:22k
- Copyright 1996, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008,
- 2009, 2010 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
- Verbatim copying and distribution of this entire article is permitted
- in any medium, provided this notice is preserved.
- Changes between GMP version 5.0.0 and 5.0.1
- BUGS FIXED
- * Fat builds fixed.
- * Fixed crash for huge multiplies when old FFT_TABLE2 type of parameter
- selection tables' sentinel was smaller than multiplied operands.
- * The solib numbers now reflect the removal of the documented but preliminary
- mpn_bdivmod function; we correctly flag incompatibility with GMP 4.3.
- GMP 5.0.0 has this wrong, and should perhaps be uninstalled to avoid
- confusion.
- SPEEDUPS
- * Multiplicaton of large numbers has indirectly been sped up through
- better FFT tuning and processor recognition. Since many operations
- depend on multiplication, there will be a general speedup.
- FEATURES
- * More Core i3, i5 an Core i7 processor models are recognised.
- * Fixes and workarounds for Mac OS quirks should make this GMP version
- build using many of the different versions of "Xcode".
- MISC
- * The amount of scratch memory needed for multiplication of huge numbers
- have been reduced substantially (but is still larger than in GMP 4.3.)
- * Likewise, the amount of scratch memory needed for division of large
- numbers have been reduced substantially.
- * The FFT tuning code of tune/tuneup.c has been completely rewritten,
- and new, large FFT parameter selection tables are provided for many
- machines.
- * Upgraded to the latest autoconf, automake, libtool.
- Changes between GMP version 4.3.X and 5.0.0
- BUGS FIXED
- * None (contains the same fixes as release 4.3.2).
- SPEEDUPS
- * Multiplication has been overhauled:
- (1) Multiplication of larger same size operands has been improved with
- the addition of two new Toom functions and a new internal function
- mpn_mulmod_bnm1 (computing U * V mod (B^n-1), B being the word base.
- This latter function is used for the largest products, waiting for a
- better Schoenhage-Strassen U * V mod (B^n+1) implementation.
- (2) Likewise for squaring.
- (3) Multiplication of different size operands has been improved with the
- addition of many new Toom function, and by selecting underlying
- functions better from the main multiply functions.
- * Division and mod have been overhauled:
- (1) Plain "schoolbook" division is reimplemented using faster quotient
- approximation.
- (2) Division Q = N/D, R = N mod D where both the quotient and remainder
- are needed now runs in time O(M(log(N))). This is an improvement of
- a factor log(log(N))
- (3) Division where just the quotient is needed is now O(M(log(Q))) on
- average.
- (4) Modulo operations using Montgomery REDC form now take time O(M(n)).
- (5) Exact division Q = N/D by means of mpz_divexact has been improved
- for all sizes, and now runs in time O(M(log(N))).
- * The function mpz_powm is now faster for all sizes. Its complexity has
- gone from O(M(n)log(n)m) to O(M(n)m) where n is the size of the modulo
- argument and m is the size of the exponent. It is also radically
- faster for even modulus, since it now partially factors such modulus
- and performs two smaller modexp operations, then uses CRT.
- * The internal support for multiplication yielding just the lower n limbs
- has been improved by using Mulders' algorithm.
- * Computation of inverses, both plain 1/N and 1/N mod B^n have been
- improved by using well-tuned Newton iterations, and wrap-around
- multiplication using mpn_mulmod_bnm1.
- * A new algorithm makes mpz_perfect_power_p asymptotically faster.
- * The function mpz_remove uses a much faster algorithm, is better tuned,
- and also benefits from the division improvements.
- * Intel Atom and VIA Nano specific optimisations.
- * Plus hundreds of smaller improvements and tweaks!
- FEATURES
- * New mpz function: mpz_powm_sec for side-channel quiet modexp
- computations.
- * New mpn functions: mpn_sqr, mpn_and_n, mpn_ior_n, mpn_xor_n, mpn_nand_n,
- mpn_nior_n, mpn_xnor_n, mpn_andn_n, mpn_iorn_n, mpn_com, mpn_neg,
- mpn_copyi, mpn_copyd, mpn_zero.
- * The function mpn_tdiv_qr now allows certain argument overlap.
- * Support for fat binaries for 64-bit x86 processors has been added.
- * A new type, mp_bitcnt_t for bignum bit counts, has been introduced.
- * Support for Windows64 through mingw64 has been added.
- * The cofactors of mpz_gcdext and mpn_gcdext are now more strictly
- normalised, returning to how GMP 4.2 worked. (Note that also release
- 4.3.2 has this change.)
- MISC
- * The mpn_mul function should no longer be used for squaring,
- instead use the new mpn_sqr.
- * The algorithm selection has been improved, the number of thresholds have
- more than doubled, and the tuning and use of existing thresholds have
- been improved.
- * The tune/speed program can measure many of new functions.
- * The mpn_bdivmod function has been removed. We do not consider this an
- incompatible change, since the function was marked as preliminary.
- * The testsuite has been enhanced in various ways.
- Changes between GMP version 4.3.1 and 4.3.2
- Bugs:
- * Fixed bug in mpf_eq.
- * Fixed overflow issues in mpz_set_str, mpz_inp_str, mpf_set_str, and
- mpf_get_str.
- * Avoid unbounded stack allocation for unbalanced multiplication.
- * Fixed bug in FFT multiplication.
- Speedups:
- * None, except that proper processor recognition helps affected processors.
- Features:
- * Recognise more "Core 2" processor variants.
- * The cofactors of mpz_gcdext and mpn_gcdext are now more strictly
- normalised, returning to how GMP 4.2 worked.
- Changes between GMP version 4.3.0 and 4.3.1
- Bugs:
- * Fixed bug in mpn_gcdext, affecting also mpz_gcdext and mpz_invert.
- The bug could cause a cofactor to have a leading zero limb, which
- could lead to crashes or miscomputation later on.
- * Fixed some minor documentation issues.
- Speedups:
- * None.
- Features:
- * Workarounds for various issues with Mac OS X's build tools.
- * Recognise more IBM "POWER" processor variants.
- Changes between GMP version 4.2.X and 4.3.0
- Bugs:
- * Fixed bug in mpz_perfect_power_p with recognition of negative perfect
- powers that can be written both as an even and odd power.
- * We might accidentally have added bugs since there is a large amount of
- new code in this release.
- Speedups:
- * Vastly improved assembly code for x86-64 processors from AMD and Intel.
- * Major improvements also for many other processor families, such as
- Alpha, PowerPC, and Itanium.
- * New sub-quadratic mpn_gcd and mpn_gcdext, as well as improved basecase
- gcd code.
- * The multiply FFT code has been slightly improved.
- * Balanced multiplication now uses 4-way Toom in addition to schoolbook,
- Karatsuba, 3-way Toom, and FFT.
- * Unbalanced multiplication has been vastly improved.
- * Improved schoolbook division by means of faster quotient approximation.
- * Several new algorithms for division and mod by single limbs, giving
- many-fold speedups.
- * Improved nth root computations.
- * The mpz_nextprime function uses sieving and is much faster.
- * Countless minor tweaks.
- Features:
- * Updated support for fat binaries for x86_32 include current processors
- * Lots of new mpn internal interfaces. Some of them will become public
- in a future GMP release.
- * Support for the 32-bit ABI under x86-apple-darwin.
- * x86 CPU recognition code should now default better for future
- processors.
- * The experimental nails feature does not work in this release, but
- it might be re-enabled in the future.
- Misc:
- * The gmp_version variable now always contains three parts. For this
- release, it is "4.3.0".
- Changes between GMP version 4.2.3 and 4.2.4
- Bugs:
- * Fix bug with parsing exponent '+' sign in mpf.
- * Fix an allocation bug in mpf_set_str, also affecting mpf_init_set_str, and
- mpf_inp_str.
- Speedups:
- * None, except that proper processor recognition helps affected processors.
- Features:
- * Recognize new AMD processors.
- Changes between GMP version 4.2.2 and 4.2.3
- Bugs:
- * Fix x86 CPU recognition code to properly identify recent AMD and Intel
- 64-bit processors.
- * The >> operator of the C++ wrapper gmpxx.h now does floor rounding, not
- truncation.
- * Inline semantics now follow the C99 standard, and works with recent GCC
- releases.
- * C++ bitwise logical operations work for more types.
- * For C++, gmp.h now includes cstdio, improving compiler compatibility.
- * Bases > 36 now work properly in mpf_set_str.
- Speedups:
- * None, except that proper processor recognition helps affected processors.
- Features:
- * The allocation functions now detect overflow of the mpz_t type. This means
- that overflow will now cause an abort, except when the allocation
- computation itself overflows. (Such overflow can probably only happen in
- powering functions; we will detect powering overflow in the future.)
- Changes between GMP version 4.2.1 and 4.2.2
- * License is now LGPL version 3.
- Bugs:
- * Shared library numbers corrected for libcxx.
- * Fixed serious bug in gmpxx.h where a=a+b*c would generate garbage.
- Note that this only affects C++ programs.
- * Fix crash in mpz_set_d for arguments with large negative exponent.
- * Fix 32-bit ABI bug with Itanium assembly for popcount and hamdist.
- * Fix assembly syntax problem for powerpc-ibm-aix with AIX native assembler.
- * Fix problems with x86 --enable-fat, where the compiler where told to
- generate code for the build machine, not plain i386 code as it should.
- * Improved recognition of powerpc systems wrt Altivec/VMX capability.
- * Misc minor fixes, mainly workarounds for compiler/assembler bugs.
- Speedups:
- * "Core 2" and Pentium 4 processors, running in 64-bit mode will get a
- slight boost as they are now specifically recognized.
- Features:
- * New support for x86_64-solaris
- * New, rudimentary support for x86-apple-darwin and x86_64-apple-darwin.
- (Please see http://gmplib.org/macos.html for more information.)
- Changes between GMP version 4.2 and 4.2.1
- Bugs:
- * Shared library numbers corrected.
- * Broken support for 32-bit AIX fixed.
- * Misc minor fixes.
- Speedups:
- * Exact division (mpz_divexact) now falls back to plain division for large
- operands.
- Features:
- * Support for some new systems.
- Changes between GMP version 4.1.4 and 4.2
- Bugs:
- * Minor bug fixes and code generalizations.
- * Expanded and improved test suite.
- Speedups:
- * Many minor optimizations, too many to mention here.
- * Division now always subquadratic.
- * Computation of n-factorial much faster.
- * Added basic x86-64 assembly code.
- * Floating-point output is now subquadratic for all bases.
- * FFT multiply code now about 25% faster.
- * Toom3 multiply code faster.
- Features:
- * Much improved configure.
- * Workarounds for many more compiler bugs.
- * Temporary allocations are now made on the stack only if small.
- * New systems supported: HPPA-2.0 gcc, IA-64 HP-UX, PowerPC-64 Darwin,
- Sparc64 GNU/Linux.
- * New i386 fat binaries, selecting optimised code at runtime (--enable-fat).
- * New build option: --enable-profiling=instrument.
- * New memory function: mp_get_memory_functions.
- * New Mersenne Twister random numbers: gmp_randinit_mt, also now used for
- gmp_randinit_default.
- * New random functions: gmp_randinit_set, gmp_urandomb_ui, gmp_urandomm_ui.
- * New integer functions: mpz_combit, mpz_rootrem.
- * gmp_printf etc new type "M" for mp_limb_t.
- * gmp_scanf and friends now accept C99 hex floats.
- * Numeric input and output can now be in bases up to 62.
- * Comparisons mpz_cmp_d, mpz_cmpabs_d, mpf_cmp_d recognise infinities.
- * Conversions mpz_get_d, mpq_get_d, mpf_get_d truncate towards zero,
- previously their behaviour was unspecified.
- * Fixes for overflow issues with operands >= 2^31 bits.
- Caveats:
- * mpfr is gone, and will from now on be released only separately. Please see
- www.mpfr.org.
- Changes between GMP version 4.1.3 and 4.1.4
- * Bug fix to FFT multiplication code (crash for huge operands).
- * Bug fix to mpf_sub (miscomputation).
- * Support for powerpc64-gnu-linux.
- * Better support for AMD64 in 32-bit mode.
- * Upwardly binary compatible with 4.1.3, 4.1.2, 4.1.1, 4.1, 4.0.1, 4.0,
- and 3.x versions.
- Changes between GMP version 4.1.2 and 4.1.3
- * Bug fix for FFT multiplication code (miscomputation).
- * Bug fix to K6 assembly code for gcd.
- * Bug fix to IA-64 assembly code for population count.
- * Portability improvements, most notably functional AMD64 support.
- * mpz_export allows NULL for countp parameter.
- * Many minor bug fixes.
- * mpz_export allows NULL for countp parameter.
- * Upwardly binary compatible with 4.1.2, 4.1.1, 4.1, 4.0.1, 4.0, and 3.x
- versions.
- Changes between GMP version 4.1.1 and 4.1.2
- * Bug fixes.
- Changes between GMP version 4.1 and 4.1.1
- * Bug fixes.
- * New systems supported: NetBSD and OpenBSD sparc64.
- Changes between GMP version 4.0.1 and 4.1
- * Bug fixes.
- * Speed improvements.
- * Upwardly binary compatible with 4.0, 4.0.1, and 3.x versions.
- * Asymptotically fast conversion to/from strings (mpz, mpq, mpn levels), but
- also major speed improvements for tiny operands.
- * mpn_get_str parameter restrictions relaxed.
- * Major speed improvements for HPPA 2.0 systems.
- * Major speed improvements for UltraSPARC systems.
- * Major speed improvements for IA-64 systems (but still sub-optimal code).
- * Extended test suite.
- * mpfr is back, with many bug fixes and portability improvements.
- * New function: mpz_ui_sub.
- * New functions: mpz_export, mpz_import.
- * Optimization for nth root functions (mpz_root, mpz_perfect_power_p).
- * Optimization for extended gcd (mpz_gcdext, mpz_invert, mpn_gcdext).
- * Generalized low-level number format, reserving a `nails' part of each
- limb. (Please note that this is really experimental; some functions
- are likely to compute garbage when nails are enabled.)
- * Nails-enabled Alpha 21264 assembly code, allowing up to 75% better
- performance. (Use --enable-nails=4 to enable it.)
- Changes between GMP version 4.0 and 4.0.1
- * Bug fixes.
- Changes between GMP version 3.1.1 and 4.0
- * Bug fixes.
- * Speed improvements.
- * Upwardly binary compatible with 3.x versions.
- * New CPU support: IA-64, Pentium 4.
- * Improved CPU support: 21264, Cray vector systems.
- * Support for all MIPS ABIs: o32, n32, 64.
- * New systems supported: Darwin, SCO, Windows DLLs.
- * New divide-and-conquer square root algorithm.
- * New algorithms chapter in the manual.
- * New malloc reentrant temporary memory method.
- * New C++ class interface by Gerardo Ballabio (beta).
- * Revamped configure, featuring ABI selection.
- * Speed improvements for mpz_powm and mpz_powm_ui (mainly affecting small
- operands).
- * mpz_perfect_power_p now properly recognizes 0, 1, and negative perfect
- powers.
- * mpz_hamdist now supports negative operands.
- * mpz_jacobi now accepts non-positive denominators.
- * mpz_powm now supports negative exponents.
- * mpn_mul_1 operand overlap requirements relaxed.
- * Float input and output uses locale specific decimal point where available.
- * New gmp_printf, gmp_scanf and related functions.
- * New division functions: mpz_cdiv_q_2exp, mpz_cdiv_r_2exp, mpz_divexact_ui.
- * New divisibility tests: mpz_divisible_p, mpz_divisible_ui_p,
- mpz_divisible_2exp_p, mpz_congruent_p, mpz_congruent_ui_p,
- mpz_congruent_2exp_p.
- * New Fibonacci function: mpz_fib2_ui.
- * New Lucas number functions: mpz_lucnum_ui, mpz_lucnum2_ui.
- * Other new integer functions: mpz_cmp_d, mpz_cmpabs_d, mpz_get_d_2exp,
- mpz_init2, mpz_kronecker, mpz_lcm_ui, mpz_realloc2.
- * New rational I/O: mpq_get_str, mpq_inp_str, mpq_out_str, mpq_set_str.
- * Other new rational functions: mpq_abs, mpq_cmp_si, mpq_div_2exp,
- mpq_mul_2exp, mpq_set_f.
- * New float tests: mpf_integer_p, mpf_fits_sint_p, mpf_fits_slong_p,
- mpf_fits_sshort_p, mpf_fits_uint_p, mpf_fits_ulong_p, mpf_fits_ushort_p.
- * Other new float functions: mpf_cmp_d, mpf_get_default_prec, mpf_get_si,
- mpf_get_ui, mpf_get_d_2exp.
- * New random functions: gmp_randinit_default, gmp_randinit_lc_2exp_size.
- * New demo expression string parser (see demos/expr).
- * New preliminary perl interface (see demos/perl).
- * Tuned algorithm thresholds for many more CPUs.
- Changes between GMP version 3.1 and 3.1.1
- * Bug fixes for division (rare), mpf_get_str, FFT, and miscellaneous minor
- things.
- Changes between GMP version 3.0 and 3.1
- * Bug fixes.
- * Improved `make check' running more tests.
- * Tuned algorithm cutoff points for many machines. This will improve speed for
- a lot of operations, in some cases by a large amount.
- * Major speed improvements: Alpha 21264.
- * Some speed improvements: Cray vector computers, AMD K6 and Athlon, Intel P5
- and Pentium Pro/II/III.
- * The mpf_get_prec function now works as it did in GMP 2.
- * New utilities for auto-tuning and speed measuring.
- * Multiplication now optionally uses FFT for very large operands. (To enable
- it, pass --enable-fft to configure.)
- * Support for new systems: Solaris running on x86, FreeBSD 5, HP-UX 11, Cray
- vector computers, Rhapsody, Nextstep/Openstep, MacOS.
- * Support for shared libraries on 32-bit HPPA.
- * New integer functions: mpz_mul_si, mpz_odd_p, mpz_even_p.
- * New Kronecker symbol functions: mpz_kronecker_si, mpz_kronecker_ui,
- mpz_si_kronecker, mpz_ui_kronecker.
- * New rational functions: mpq_out_str, mpq_swap.
- * New float functions: mpf_swap.
- * New mpn functions: mpn_divexact_by3c, mpn_tdiv_qr.
- * New EXPERIMENTAL function layer for accurate floating-point arithmetic, mpfr.
- To try it, pass --enable-mpfr to configure. See the mpfr subdirectory for
- more information; it is not documented in the main GMP manual.
- Changes between GMP version 3.0 and 3.0.1
- * Memory leaks in gmp_randinit and mpz_probab_prime_p fixed.
- * Documentation for gmp_randinit fixed. Misc documentation errors fixed.
- Changes between GMP version 2.0 and 3.0
- * Source level compatibility with past releases (except mpn_gcd).
- * Bug fixes.
- * Much improved speed thanks to both host independent and host dependent
- optimizations.
- * Switch to autoconf/automake/libtool.
- * Support for building libgmp as a shared library.
- * Multiplication and squaring using 3-way Toom-Cook.
- * Division using the Burnikel-Ziegler method.
- * New functions computing binomial coefficients: mpz_bin_ui, mpz_bin_uiui.
- * New function computing Fibonacci numbers: mpz_fib_ui.
- * New random number generators: mpf_urandomb, mpz_rrandomb, mpz_urandomb,
- mpz_urandomm, gmp_randclear, gmp_randinit, gmp_randinit_lc_2exp,
- gmp_randseed, gmp_randseed_ui.
- * New function for quickly extracting limbs: mpz_getlimbn.
- * New functions performing integer size tests: mpz_fits_sint_p,
- mpz_fits_slong_p, mpz_fits_sshort_p, mpz_fits_uint_p, mpz_fits_ulong_p,
- mpz_fits_ushort_p.
- * New mpf functions: mpf_ceil, mpf_floor, mpf_pow_ui, mpf_trunc.
- * New mpq function: mpq_set_d.
- * New mpz functions: mpz_addmul_ui, mpz_cmpabs, mpz_cmpabs_ui, mpz_lcm,
- mpz_nextprime, mpz_perfect_power_p, mpz_remove, mpz_root, mpz_swap,
- mpz_tdiv_ui, mpz_tstbit, mpz_xor.
- * New mpn function: mpn_divexact_by3.
- * New CPU support: DEC Alpha 21264, AMD K6 and Athlon, HPPA 2.0 and 64,
- Intel Pentium Pro and Pentium-II/III, Sparc 64, PowerPC 64.
- * Almost 10 times faster mpz_invert and mpn_gcdext.
- * The interface of mpn_gcd has changed.
- * Better support for MIPS R4x000 and R5000 under Irix 6.
- * Improved support for SPARCv8 and SPARCv9 processors.
- Changes between GMP version 2.0 and 2.0.2
- * Many bug fixes.
- Changes between GMP version 1.3.2 and 2.0
- * Division routines in the mpz class have changed. There are three classes of
- functions, that rounds the quotient to -infinity, 0, and +infinity,
- respectively. The first class of functions have names that begin with
- mpz_fdiv (f is short for floor), the second class' names begin with mpz_tdiv
- (t is short for trunc), and the third class' names begin with mpz_cdiv (c is
- short for ceil).
- The old division routines beginning with mpz_m are similar to the new
- mpz_fdiv, with the exception that some of the new functions return useful
- values.
- The old function names can still be used. All the old functions names will
- now do floor division, not trunc division as some of them used to. This was
- changed to make the functions more compatible with common mathematical
- practice.
- The mpz_mod and mpz_mod_ui functions now compute the mathematical mod
- function. I.e., the sign of the 2nd argument is ignored.
- * The mpq assignment functions do not canonicalize their results. A new
- function, mpq_canonicalize must be called by the user if the result is not
- known to be canonical.
- * The mpn functions are now documented. These functions are intended for
- very time critical applications, or applications that need full control over
- memory allocation. Note that the mpn interface is irregular and hard to
- use.
- * New functions for arbitrary precision floating point arithmetic. Names
- begin with `mpf_'. Associated type mpf_t.
- * New and improved mpz functions, including much faster GCD, fast exact
- division (mpz_divexact), bit scan (mpz_scan0 and mpz_scan1), and number
- theoretical functions like Jacobi (mpz_jacobi) and multiplicative inverse
- (mpz_invert).
- * New variable types (mpz_t and mpq_t) are available that makes syntax of
- mpz and mpq calls nicer (no need for & before variables). The MP_INT and
- MP_RAT types are still available for compatibility.
- * Uses GNU configure. This makes it possible to choose target architecture
- and CPU variant, and to compile into a separate object directory.
- * Carefully optimized assembly for important inner loops. Support for DEC
- Alpha, Amd 29000, HPPA 1.0 and 1.1, Intel Pentium and generic x86, Intel
- i960, Motorola MC68000, MC68020, MC88100, and MC88110, Motorola/IBM
- PowerPC, National NS32000, IBM POWER, MIPS R3000, R4000, SPARCv7,
- SuperSPARC, generic SPARCv8, and DEC VAX. Some support also for ARM,
- Clipper, IBM ROMP (RT), and Pyramid AP/XP.
- * Faster. Thanks to the assembler code, new algorithms, and general tuning.
- In particular, the speed on machines without GCC is improved.
- * Support for machines without alloca.
- * Now under the LGPL.
- INCOMPATIBILITIES BETWEEN GMP 1 AND GMP 2
- * mpq assignment functions do not canonicalize their results.
- * mpz division functions round differently.
- * mpz mod functions now really compute mod.
- * mpz_powm and mpz_powm_ui now really use mod for reduction.