Dl1quant.cpp
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- //
- // This has been modified from Dennis Lee's original version
- //
- /*
- * DL1 Quantization
- * ================
- *
- * File: dl1quant.c
- * Author: Dennis Lee E-mail: denlee@ecf.utoronto.ca
- *
- * Copyright (C) 1993-1997 Dennis Lee
- *
- * C implementation of DL1 Quantization.
- * DL1 Quantization is a 2-pass color quantizer optimized for speed.
- * The method was designed around the steps required by a 2-pass
- * quantizer and constructing a model that would require the least
- * amount of extra work. The resulting method is extremely fast --
- * about half the speed of a memcpy. That should make DL1 Quant the
- * fastest 2-pass color quantizer.
- *
- * This quantizer's quality is also among the best, slightly
- * better than Wan et al's marginal variance based quantizer. For
- * more on DL1 Quant's performance and other related information,
- * see DLQUANT.TXT included in this distribution.
- *
- *
- * NOTES
- * =====
- *
- * The dithering code is based on code from the IJG's jpeg library.
- *
- * This source code may be freely copied, modified, and redistributed,
- * provided this copyright notice is attached.
- * Compiled versions of this code, modified or not, are free for
- * personal use. Compiled versions used in distributed software
- * is also free, but a notification must be sent to the author.
- * An e-mail to denlee@ecf.utoronto.ca will do.
- *
- */
- #include "stdafx.h"
- #ifdef __cplusplus
- extern "C" {
- #endif
- #include <stdlib.h>
- #include "dl1quant.h"
- //#define FAST /* improves speed but uses a lot of memory */
- #define QUAL1 /* slightly improves quality */
- //#define QUAL2 /* slightly improves quality */
- /* define *one* of the following dither options */
- //#define DITHER1 /* 1-val error diffusion dither */
- #define DITHER2 /* 2-val error diffusion dither */
- //#define DITHER4 /* 4-val error diffusion dither (Floyd-Steinberg) */
- #define DITHER_MAX 20
- LOCAL uchar palette[3][256];
- LOCAL CUBE *rgb_table[6];
- LOCAL ushort r_offset[256], g_offset[256], b_offset[256];
- LOCAL CLOSEST_INFO c_info;
- LOCAL int tot_colors, pal_index;
- LOCAL ulong *squares;
- LOCAL FCUBE *heap = NULL;
- LOCAL short *dl_image = NULL;
- /* returns 1 on success, 0 on failure */
- GLOBAL int dl1quant(uchar *inbuf,
- uchar *outbuf,
- int width,
- int height,
- int quant_to,
- int dither,
- uchar userpal[3][256]) {
- dlq_init();
- if (dlq_start() == 0) {
- dlq_finish();
- return 0;
- }
- if (build_table(inbuf, (ulong)width * (ulong)height) == 0) {
- dlq_finish();
- return 0;
- }
-
- reduce_table(quant_to);
- set_palette(0, 0);
-
- if (quantize_image(inbuf, outbuf, width, height, dither) == 0) {
- dlq_finish();
- return 0;
- }
- dlq_finish();
- copy_pal(userpal);
- return 1;
- }
- LOCAL void copy_pal(uchar userpal[3][256])
- {
- int i;
- for (i = 0; i < 256; i++) {
- userpal[0][i] = palette[0][i];
- userpal[1][i] = palette[1][i];
- userpal[2][i] = palette[2][i];
- }
- }
- LOCAL void dlq_init(void)
- {
- int i;
- for (i=0;i<6;i++) {
- rgb_table[i]=NULL;
- }
- tot_colors=0;
- pal_index=0;
- heap = NULL;
- dl_image = NULL;
- for (i = 0; i < 256; i++) {
- r_offset[i] = (i & 128) << 7 | (i & 64) << 5 | (i & 32) << 3 |
- (i & 16) << 1 | (i & 8) >> 1;
- g_offset[i] = (i & 128) << 6 | (i & 64) << 4 | (i & 32) << 2 |
- (i & 16) << 0 | (i & 8) >> 2;
- b_offset[i] = (i & 128) << 5 | (i & 64) << 3 | (i & 32) << 1 |
- (i & 16) >> 1 | (i & 8) >> 3;
- }
- c_info.palette_index=0;
- c_info.red=0;
- c_info.green=0;
- c_info.blue=0;
- c_info.distance=0;
- for (i = (-255); i <= 255; i++)
- c_info.squares[i+255] = i*i;
- for (i=0;i<256;i++) {
- palette[0][i]=0;
- palette[1][i]=0;
- palette[2][i]=0;
- }
- squares = c_info.squares + 255;
- }
- /* returns 1 on success, 0 on failure */
- LOCAL int dlq_start(void)
- {
- int i;
- rgb_table[0] = (CUBE *) calloc(sizeof(CUBE), 1);
- rgb_table[1] = (CUBE *) calloc(sizeof(CUBE), 8);
- rgb_table[2] = (CUBE *) calloc(sizeof(CUBE), 64);
- rgb_table[3] = (CUBE *) calloc(sizeof(CUBE), 512);
- rgb_table[4] = (CUBE *) calloc(sizeof(CUBE), 4096);
- rgb_table[5] = (CUBE *) calloc(sizeof(CUBE), 32768);
- for (i = 0; i <= 5; i++)
- if (rgb_table[i] == NULL)
- return 0;
- pal_index = 0;
- return 1;
- }
- LOCAL void dlq_finish(void)
- {
- int i;
- for (i=0;i<6;i++) {
- if (rgb_table[i] != NULL) {
- free(rgb_table[i]);
- rgb_table[i]=NULL;
- }
- }
- if (heap != NULL) {
- free(heap);
- heap=NULL;
- }
-
- if (dl_image != NULL) {
- free(dl_image);
- dl_image=NULL;
- }
- memset(&c_info, 0, sizeof(CLOSEST_INFO));
- tot_colors=pal_index=0;
- }
- /* returns 1 on success, 0 on failure */
- LOCAL int build_table(uchar *image, ulong pixels)
- {
- ulong i=0;
- ulong index=0;
- ulong cur_count=0;
- ulong head=0;
- ulong tail=0;
- slong j=0;
- heap = (FCUBE *) malloc(sizeof(FCUBE) * 32769);
- if (heap == NULL)
- return 0;
- #ifdef FAST
- dl_image = malloc(sizeof(short) * pixels);
- if (dl_image == NULL)
- return 0;
- #endif
- for (i = 0; i < pixels; i++) {
- #ifdef FAST
- dl_image[i] = index = r_offset[image[0]] + g_offset[image[1]] + b_offset[image[2]];
- #else
- index = r_offset[image[0]] + g_offset[image[1]] + b_offset[image[2]];
- #endif
- #ifdef QUAL1
- rgb_table[5][index].r += image[0];
- rgb_table[5][index].g += image[1];
- rgb_table[5][index].b += image[2];
- #endif
- rgb_table[5][index].pixel_count++;
- image += 3;
- }
- tot_colors = 0;
- for (i = 0; i < 32768; i++) {
- cur_count = rgb_table[5][i].pixel_count;
- if (cur_count) {
- heap[++tot_colors].level = 5;
- heap[tot_colors].index = (ushort)i;
- rgb_table[5][i].pixels_in_cube = cur_count;
- #ifndef QUAL1
- rgb_table[5][i].r = cur_count * (((i & 0x4000) >> 7 |
- (i & 0x0800) >> 5 | (i & 0x0100) >> 3 |
- (i & 0x0020) >> 1 | (i & 0x0004) << 1) + 4);
- rgb_table[5][i].g = cur_count * (((i & 0x2000) >> 6 |
- (i & 0x0400) >> 4 | (i & 0x0080) >> 2 |
- (i & 0x0010) >> 0 | (i & 0x0002) << 2) + 4);
- rgb_table[5][i].b = cur_count * (((i & 0x1000) >> 5 |
- (i & 0x0200) >> 3 | (i & 0x0040) >> 1 |
- (i & 0x0008) << 1 | (i & 0x0001) << 3) + 4);
- #endif
- head = i;
- for (j = 4; j >= 0; j--) {
- tail = head & 0x7;
- head >>= 3;
- rgb_table[j][head].pixels_in_cube += cur_count;
- rgb_table[j][head].children |= 1 << tail;
- }
- }
- }
- for (i = tot_colors; i > 0; i--)
- fixheap(i);
- return 1;
- }
- LOCAL void fixheap(ulong id)
- {
- uchar thres_level = heap[id].level;
- ulong thres_index = heap[id].index;
- ulong index=0;
- ulong half_totc = tot_colors >> 1;
- ulong thres_val = rgb_table[thres_level][thres_index].pixels_in_cube;
- while (id <= half_totc) {
- index = id << 1;
- if (index < (ulong)tot_colors)
- if (rgb_table[heap[index].level][heap[index].index].pixels_in_cube
- > rgb_table[heap[index+1].level][heap[index+1].index].pixels_in_cube)
- index++;
- if (thres_val <= rgb_table[heap[index].level][heap[index].index].pixels_in_cube)
- break;
- else {
- heap[id] = heap[index];
- id = index;
- }
- }
- heap[id].level = thres_level;
- heap[id].index = (ushort)thres_index;
- }
- LOCAL void reduce_table(int num_colors)
- {
- while (tot_colors > num_colors) {
- uchar tmp_level = heap[1].level, t_level = max(0,tmp_level - 1);
- ulong tmp_index = heap[1].index, t_index = tmp_index >> 3;
- if (rgb_table[t_level][t_index].pixel_count)
- heap[1] = heap[tot_colors--];
- else {
- heap[1].level = t_level;
- heap[1].index = (ushort)t_index;
- }
- rgb_table[t_level][t_index].pixel_count += rgb_table[tmp_level][tmp_index].pixel_count;
- rgb_table[t_level][t_index].r += rgb_table[tmp_level][tmp_index].r;
- rgb_table[t_level][t_index].g += rgb_table[tmp_level][tmp_index].g;
- rgb_table[t_level][t_index].b += rgb_table[tmp_level][tmp_index].b;
- rgb_table[t_level][t_index].children &= ~(1 << (tmp_index & 0x7));
- fixheap(1);
- }
- }
- LOCAL void set_palette(int index, int level)
- {
- int i;
- if (rgb_table[level][index].children) {
- for (i = 7; i >= 0; i--) {
- if (rgb_table[level][index].children & (1 << i)) {
- set_palette((index << 3) + i, level + 1);
- }
- }
- }
- if (rgb_table[level][index].pixel_count) {
- ulong r_sum, g_sum, b_sum, sum;
- rgb_table[level][index].palette_index = pal_index;
-
- r_sum = rgb_table[level][index].r;
- g_sum = rgb_table[level][index].g;
- b_sum = rgb_table[level][index].b;
-
- sum = rgb_table[level][index].pixel_count;
- palette[0][pal_index] = (BYTE)((r_sum + (sum >> 1)) / sum);
- palette[1][pal_index] = (BYTE)((g_sum + (sum >> 1)) / sum);
- palette[2][pal_index] = (BYTE)((b_sum + (sum >> 1)) / sum);
- pal_index++;
- }
- }
- LOCAL void closest_color(int index, int level)
- {
- int i;
- if (rgb_table[level][index].children) {
- for (i = 7; i >= 0; i--) {
- if (rgb_table[level][index].children & (1 << i)) {
- closest_color((index << 3) + i, level + 1);
- }
- }
- }
- if (rgb_table[level][index].pixel_count) {
- slong dist, r_dist, g_dist, b_dist;
- uchar pal_num = rgb_table[level][index].palette_index;
- /* Determine if this color is "closest". */
- r_dist = palette[0][pal_num] - c_info.red;
- g_dist = palette[1][pal_num] - c_info.green;
- b_dist = palette[2][pal_num] - c_info.blue;
-
- dist = squares[r_dist] + squares[g_dist] + squares[b_dist];
- if (dist < (slong)c_info.distance) {
- c_info.distance = dist;
- c_info.palette_index = pal_num;
- }
- }
- }
- /* returns 1 on success, 0 on failure */
- LOCAL int quantize_image(uchar *in, uchar *out, int width, int height, int dither)
- {
- if (!dither) {
- ulong i=0;
- ulong pixels = width * height;
- ushort level=0;
- ushort index=0;
- uchar tmp_r=0;
- uchar tmp_g=0;
- uchar tmp_b=0;
- uchar cube=0;
- uchar *lookup=NULL;
- lookup = (BYTE*)malloc(sizeof(char) * 32768);
- if (lookup == NULL)
- return 0;
- for (i = 0; i < 32768; i++)
- if (rgb_table[5][i].pixel_count) {
- tmp_r = (BYTE)((i & 0x4000) >> 7 | (i & 0x0800) >> 5 |
- (i & 0x0100) >> 3 | (i & 0x0020) >> 1 |
- (i & 0x0004) << 1);
- tmp_g = (BYTE)((i & 0x2000) >> 6 | (i & 0x0400) >> 4 |
- (i & 0x0080) >> 2 | (i & 0x0010) >> 0 |
- (i & 0x0002) << 2);
- tmp_b = (BYTE)((i & 0x1000) >> 5 | (i & 0x0200) >> 3 |
- (i & 0x0040) >> 1 | (i & 0x0008) << 1 |
- (i & 0x0001) << 3);
- #ifdef QUAL2
- lookup[i] = bestcolor(tmp_r, tmp_g, tmp_b);
- #else
- c_info.red = tmp_r + 4;
- c_info.green = tmp_g + 4;
- c_info.blue = tmp_b + 4;
- level = 0;
- index = 0;
- for (;;) {
- cube = (tmp_r&128) >> 5 | (tmp_g&128) >> 6 | (tmp_b&128) >> 7;
- if ((rgb_table[level][index].children & (1 << cube)) == 0) {
- c_info.distance = (ULONG)~0L;
- closest_color(index, level);
- lookup[i] = c_info.palette_index;
- break;
- }
- level++;
- index = (index << 3) + cube;
- tmp_r <<= 1;
- tmp_g <<= 1;
- tmp_b <<= 1;
- }
- #endif
- }
- for (i = 0; i < pixels; i++) {
- #ifdef FAST
- out[i] = lookup[dl_image[i]];
- #else
- out[i] = lookup[r_offset[in[0]] + g_offset[in[1]] + b_offset[in[2]]];
- in += 3;
- #endif
- }
- free(lookup);
- } else { // dither
- #if defined(DITHER2) || defined(DITHER4)
- slong i=0;
- slong j=0;
- slong r_pix=0;
- slong g_pix=0;
- slong b_pix=0;
- slong offset=0;
- slong dir=0;
- slong two_val=0;
- slong odd_scanline = 0;
- slong err_len = (width + 2) * 3;
- uchar *range_tbl = NULL;
- uchar *range = NULL;
- sshort *lookup = NULL;
- sshort *erowerr = NULL;
- sshort *orowerr = NULL;
- sshort *thisrowerr = NULL;
- sshort *nextrowerr = NULL;
- schar *dith_max_tbl = NULL;
- schar *dith_max = NULL;
- lookup = (sshort *)malloc(sizeof(short) * 32768);
- erowerr = (sshort *)malloc(sizeof(short) * err_len);
- orowerr = (sshort *)malloc(sizeof(short) * err_len);
- range_tbl = (BYTE*)malloc(3 * 256);
- range = range_tbl + 256;
- dith_max_tbl= (schar *)malloc(512);
- dith_max = dith_max_tbl + 256;
- if (range_tbl == NULL || lookup == NULL ||
- erowerr == NULL || orowerr == NULL || dith_max_tbl == NULL) {
- if (range_tbl != NULL) {
- free(range_tbl);
- range_tbl=NULL;
- }
- if (lookup != NULL) {
- free(lookup);
- lookup=NULL;
- }
- if (erowerr != NULL) {
- free(erowerr);
- erowerr=NULL;
- }
- if (orowerr != NULL) {
- free(orowerr);
- orowerr=NULL;
- }
- if (dith_max_tbl != NULL) {
- free(dith_max_tbl);
- dith_max_tbl=NULL;
- }
- return 0;
- }
- for (i = 0; i < err_len; i++)
- erowerr[i] = 0;
- for (i = 0; i < 32768; i++)
- lookup[i] = -1;
- for (i = 0; i < 256; i++) {
- range_tbl[i] = 0;
- range_tbl[i + 256] = (uchar) i;
- range_tbl[i + 512] = 255;
- }
- for (i = 0; i < 256; i++) {
- dith_max_tbl[i] = -DITHER_MAX;
- dith_max_tbl[i + 256] = DITHER_MAX;
- }
- for (i = -DITHER_MAX; i <= DITHER_MAX; i++)
- dith_max_tbl[i + 256] = (schar)i;
- for (i = 0 ; i < height; i++) {
- if (odd_scanline) {
- dir = -1;
- in += (width - 1) * 3;
- out += (width - 1);
- thisrowerr = orowerr + 3;
- nextrowerr = erowerr + width * 3;
- } else {
- dir = 1;
- thisrowerr = erowerr + 3;
- nextrowerr = orowerr + width * 3;
- }
- nextrowerr[0] = nextrowerr[1] = nextrowerr[2] = 0;
-
- for (j = 0; j < width; j++) {
- #ifdef DITHER2
- r_pix = range[(thisrowerr[0] >> 1) + in[0]];
- g_pix = range[(thisrowerr[1] >> 1) + in[1]];
- b_pix = range[(thisrowerr[2] >> 1) + in[2]];
- #else
- r_pix = range[((thisrowerr[0] + 8) >> 4) + in[0]];
- g_pix = range[((thisrowerr[1] + 8) >> 4) + in[1]];
- b_pix = range[((thisrowerr[2] + 8) >> 4) + in[2]];
- #endif
- offset = (r_pix&248) << 7 | (g_pix&248) << 2 | b_pix >> 3;
- if (lookup[offset] < 0)
- lookup[offset] = bestcolor(r_pix, g_pix, b_pix);
- *out = (BYTE)lookup[offset];
- r_pix = dith_max[r_pix - palette[0][lookup[offset]]];
- g_pix = dith_max[g_pix - palette[1][lookup[offset]]];
- b_pix = dith_max[b_pix - palette[2][lookup[offset]]];
- #ifdef DITHER2
- nextrowerr[0 ] = (short)r_pix;
- thisrowerr[0+3] += (short)r_pix;
- nextrowerr[1 ] = (short)g_pix;
- thisrowerr[1+3] += (short)g_pix;
- nextrowerr[2 ] = (short)b_pix;
- thisrowerr[2+3] += (short)b_pix;
- #else
- two_val = r_pix * 2;
- nextrowerr[0-3] = r_pix;
- r_pix += two_val;
- nextrowerr[0+3] += r_pix;
- r_pix += two_val;
- nextrowerr[0 ] += r_pix;
- r_pix += two_val;
- thisrowerr[0+3] += r_pix;
- two_val = g_pix * 2;
- nextrowerr[1-3] = g_pix;
- g_pix += two_val;
- nextrowerr[1+3] += g_pix;
- g_pix += two_val;
- nextrowerr[1 ] += g_pix;
- g_pix += two_val;
- thisrowerr[1+3] += g_pix;
- two_val = b_pix * 2;
- nextrowerr[2-3] = b_pix;
- b_pix += two_val;
- nextrowerr[2+3] += b_pix;
- b_pix += two_val;
- nextrowerr[2 ] += b_pix;
- b_pix += two_val;
- thisrowerr[2+3] += b_pix;
- #endif
- thisrowerr += 3;
- nextrowerr -= 3;
- in += dir * 3;
- out += dir;
- }
- if ((i % 2) == 1) {
- in += (width + 1) * 3;
- out += (width + 1);
- }
- odd_scanline = !odd_scanline;
- }
- free(range_tbl);
- free(lookup);
- free(erowerr);
- free(orowerr);
- free(dith_max_tbl);
- #else
- slong i =0;
- slong j=0;
- slong r_pix=0;
- slong g_pix=0;
- slong b_pix=0;
- slong r_err=0;
- slong g_err=0;
- slong b_err=0;
- slong offset=0;
- uchar *range_tbl = (BYTE*)malloc(3 * 256), *range = range_tbl + 256;
- sshort *lookup = (sshort *)malloc(sizeof(short) * 32768);
- if (range_tbl == NULL || lookup == NULL) {
- if (range_tbl != NULL)
- free(range_tbl);
- if (lookup != NULL)
- free(lookup);
- return 0;
- }
- for (i = 0; i < 32768; i++)
- lookup[i] = -1;
- for (i = 0; i < 256; i++) {
- range_tbl[i] = 0;
- range_tbl[i + 256] = (uchar) i;
- range_tbl[i + 512] = 255;
- }
- for (i = 0; i < height; i++) {
- r_err = g_err = b_err = 0;
- for (j = width - 1; j >= 0; j--) {
- r_pix = range[(r_err >> 1) + in[0]];
- g_pix = range[(g_err >> 1) + in[1]];
- b_pix = range[(b_err >> 1) + in[2]];
-
- offset = (r_pix&248) << 7 | (g_pix&248) << 2 | b_pix >> 3;
- if (lookup[offset] < 0)
- lookup[offset] = bestcolor(r_pix, g_pix, b_pix);
- *out++ = (BYTE)lookup[offset];
- r_err = r_pix - palette[0][lookup[offset]];
- g_err = g_pix - palette[1][lookup[offset]];
- b_err = b_pix - palette[2][lookup[offset]];
- in += 3;
- }
- }
- free(range_tbl);
- free(lookup);
- #endif
- }
- return 1;
- }
- LOCAL int bestcolor(int r, int g, int b)
- {
- ulong i=0;
- ulong bestcolor=0;
- ulong curdist=0;
- ulong mindist=0;
- slong rdist=0;
- slong gdist=0;
- slong bdist=0;
- r = (r & 248) + 4;
- g = (g & 248) + 4;
- b = (b & 248) + 4;
- mindist = 200000;
- for (i = 0; i < (ulong)tot_colors; i++) {
- rdist = palette[0][i] - r;
- gdist = palette[1][i] - g;
- bdist = palette[2][i] - b;
- curdist = squares[rdist] + squares[gdist] + squares[bdist];
- if (curdist < mindist) {
- mindist = curdist;
- bestcolor = i;
- }
- }
- return bestcolor;
- }
- #ifdef __cplusplus
- }
- #endif