fft.c
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上传日期:2009-03-27
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- /*****************************************************************************
- * fft.c: Iterative implementation of a FFT
- *****************************************************************************
- * $Id: fft.c 6961 2004-03-05 17:34:23Z sam $
- *
- * Mainly taken from XMMS's code
- *
- * Authors: Richard Boulton <richard@tartarus.org>
- * Ralph Loader <suckfish@ihug.co.nz>
- *
- * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
- * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
- * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
- * (at your option) any later version.
- *
- * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
- * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
- * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
- * GNU General Public License for more details.
- *
- * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
- * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
- * Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111, USA.
- *****************************************************************************/
- #include "fft.h"
- #include <stdlib.h>
- #include <math.h>
- #ifndef PI
- #ifdef M_PI
- #define PI M_PI
- #else
- #define PI 3.14159265358979323846 /* pi */
- #endif
- #endif
- /******************************************************************************
- * Local prototypes
- *****************************************************************************/
- static void fft_prepare(const sound_sample *input, float * re, float * im);
- static void fft_calculate(float * re, float * im);
- static void fft_output(const float *re, const float *im, float *output);
- static int reverseBits(unsigned int initial);
- /* Table to speed up bit reverse copy */
- static unsigned int bitReverse[FFT_BUFFER_SIZE];
- /* The next two tables could be made to use less space in memory, since they
- * overlap hugely, but hey. */
- static float sintable[FFT_BUFFER_SIZE / 2];
- static float costable[FFT_BUFFER_SIZE / 2];
- /*****************************************************************************
- * These functions are the ones called externally
- *****************************************************************************/
- /*
- * Initialisation routine - sets up tables and space to work in.
- * Returns a pointer to internal state, to be used when performing calls.
- * On error, returns NULL.
- * The pointer should be freed when it is finished with, by fft_close().
- */
- fft_state *visual_fft_init(void)
- {
- fft_state *p_state;
- unsigned int i;
- p_state = (fft_state *) malloc (sizeof(fft_state));
- if(! p_state )
- return NULL;
- for(i = 0; i < FFT_BUFFER_SIZE; i++)
- {
- bitReverse[i] = reverseBits(i);
- }
- for(i = 0; i < FFT_BUFFER_SIZE / 2; i++)
- {
- float j = 2 * PI * i / FFT_BUFFER_SIZE;
- costable[i] = cos(j);
- sintable[i] = sin(j);
- }
- return p_state;
- }
- /*
- * Do all the steps of the FFT, taking as input sound data (as described in
- * sound.h) and returning the intensities of each frequency as floats in the
- * range 0 to ((FFT_BUFFER_SIZE / 2) * 32768) ^ 2
- *
- * The input array is assumed to have FFT_BUFFER_SIZE elements,
- * and the output array is assumed to have (FFT_BUFFER_SIZE / 2 + 1) elements.
- * state is a (non-NULL) pointer returned by visual_fft_init.
- */
- void fft_perform(const sound_sample *input, float *output, fft_state *state) {
- /* Convert data from sound format to be ready for FFT */
- fft_prepare(input, state->real, state->imag);
- /* Do the actual FFT */
- fft_calculate(state->real, state->imag);
- /* Convert the FFT output into intensities */
- fft_output(state->real, state->imag, output);
- }
- /*
- * Free the state.
- */
- void fft_close(fft_state *state) {
- if(state) free(state);
- }
- /*****************************************************************************
- * These functions are called from the other ones
- *****************************************************************************/
- /*
- * Prepare data to perform an FFT on
- */
- static void fft_prepare(const sound_sample *input, float * re, float * im) {
- unsigned int i;
- float *p_real = re;
- float *p_imag = im;
- /* Get input, in reverse bit order */
- for(i = 0; i < FFT_BUFFER_SIZE; i++)
- {
- *p_real++ = input[bitReverse[i]];
- *p_imag++ = 0;
- }
- }
- /*
- * Take result of an FFT and calculate the intensities of each frequency
- * Note: only produces half as many data points as the input had.
- */
- static void fft_output(const float * re, const float * im, float *output)
- {
- float *p_output = output;
- const float *p_real = re;
- const float *p_imag = im;
- float *p_end = output + FFT_BUFFER_SIZE / 2;
- while(p_output <= p_end)
- {
- *p_output = (*p_real * *p_real) + (*p_imag * *p_imag);
- p_output++; p_real++; p_imag++;
- }
- /* Do divisions to keep the constant and highest frequency terms in scale
- * with the other terms. */
- *output /= 4;
- *p_end /= 4;
- }
- /*
- * Actually perform the FFT
- */
- static void fft_calculate(float * re, float * im)
- {
- unsigned int i, j, k;
- unsigned int exchanges;
- float fact_real, fact_imag;
- float tmp_real, tmp_imag;
- unsigned int factfact;
- /* Set up some variables to reduce calculation in the loops */
- exchanges = 1;
- factfact = FFT_BUFFER_SIZE / 2;
- /* Loop through the divide and conquer steps */
- for(i = FFT_BUFFER_SIZE_LOG; i != 0; i--) {
- /* In this step, we have 2 ^ (i - 1) exchange groups, each with
- * 2 ^ (FFT_BUFFER_SIZE_LOG - i) exchanges
- */
- /* Loop through the exchanges in a group */
- for(j = 0; j != exchanges; j++) {
- /* Work out factor for this exchange
- * factor ^ (exchanges) = -1
- * So, real = cos(j * PI / exchanges),
- * imag = sin(j * PI / exchanges)
- */
- fact_real = costable[j * factfact];
- fact_imag = sintable[j * factfact];
- /* Loop through all the exchange groups */
- for(k = j; k < FFT_BUFFER_SIZE; k += exchanges << 1) {
- int k1 = k + exchanges;
- tmp_real = fact_real * re[k1] - fact_imag * im[k1];
- tmp_imag = fact_real * im[k1] + fact_imag * re[k1];
- re[k1] = re[k] - tmp_real;
- im[k1] = im[k] - tmp_imag;
- re[k] += tmp_real;
- im[k] += tmp_imag;
- }
- }
- exchanges <<= 1;
- factfact >>= 1;
- }
- }
- static int reverseBits(unsigned int initial)
- {
- unsigned int reversed = 0, loop;
- for(loop = 0; loop < FFT_BUFFER_SIZE_LOG; loop++) {
- reversed <<= 1;
- reversed += (initial & 1);
- initial >>= 1;
- }
- return reversed;
- }