README
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- This is a simple readme describing how to compile and use the jdbc driver.
- This isn't a guide on how to use JDBC - for that refer to Javasoft's web site:
- http://www.javasoft.com
- or the JDBC mailing list:
- jdbc@java.blackdown.org
- http://www.blackdown.org
- For problems with this driver, then refer to the postgres-interfaces email
- list:
- http://www.postgresql.org
- When PostgreSQL V6.4 was released, full documentation for the driver was
- included in the main documentation tree (under the doc directory).
- This file was finally amended on December 29 1998 to account for the major
- changes made to the driver since V6.4 was released.
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
- COMPILING
- To compile the driver, simply use make in the src/interfaces/jdbc directory.
- This will compile the driver, and build a .jar file (Java ARchive).
- REMEMBER: once you have compiled the driver, it will work on ALL platforms
- that support the JDK 1.1 api or later.
- The V6.5 driver introduced support for the JDBC2 specification (which is used
- with JDK 1.2 api and later). This caused us some problems because classes
- written for JDBC1 and JDBC2 are not compatible, so a large chunk of the
- driver had to be re-written to accomodate this.
- Running make will build a .jar file (postgresql.jar) which contains the driver.
- That jar file will contain the driver for _your_ version of the JDK. That is,
- if you run make using JDK 1.1.7, then you will get the JDBC1 driver. If you
- run using 1.2 then you will get the JDBC2 driver.
- Tip: If you want the driver to run on both JDBC1 or JDBC2, first compile under
- JDK 1.1.x, then recompile under JDK 1.2.
- In testing, I've done this using 1.1.6 (running under linux), and running make
- on my Win95 based Laptop (CygWin B20.1 was used to get a GNUMake - and a
- decent shell {bash}).
- When the .jar file is built, it includes all the classes under postgresql, and
- the driver automatically selects the correct classes.
- That means you don't have to compile it on every platform. Believe me, I
- still hear from people who ask me "I've compiled it ok under Solaris, but it
- won't compile under Linux" - there's no difference.
- PS: When you run make, don't worry if you see more than one or two calls to
- javac. This is normal, because the driver dynamically loads classes, and
- the Makefile ensures everything gets compiled.
- I advise you don't try running javac outside of make. You may miss something.
- Possible problems
- You may see a message similar to:
- postgresql/Driver.java:87: interface java.sql.Connection is an interface. It can't be instantiated.
- return new Connection (host(), port(), props, database(), url, this);
- This is caused by not having the current directory in your CLASSPATH. Under
- Linux/Solaris, unset the CLASSPATH environment variable, and rerun make.
- If you are still having problems, I keep a copy of the driver (for different
- versions of the backend) on my web site http://www.retep.org.uk/postgres/
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
- INSTALLING THE DRIVER
- To install the driver, the .class files have to be in the classpath. This can be
- done in two ways:
- 1: create a directory "postgresql" (and it must be called this) in the current
- directory (or a directory in the class path), and copy all .class files
- into it.
- 2: copy the postgres.jar file into a directory, and add it to the classpath.
- ie: under LINUX/SOLARIS (the example here is my linux box):
- export CLASSPATH=.:/usr/local/lib/postgresql.jar:/usr/local/jdk1.1.1/lib/classes.zip
- note: in java, .zip and .jar files hold collections of classes.
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
- USING THE DRIVER
- To use the driver, you must introduce it to JDBC. Again, there's two ways
- of doing this:
- 1: Hardcoded.
- This method hardcodes your driver into your application/applet. You
- introduce the driver using the following snippet of code:
- try {
- Class.forName("postgresql.Driver");
- } catch(Exception e) {
- // your error handling code goes here
- }
- Remember, this method restricts your code to just the postgresql database.
- 2: Parameters
- This method specifies the driver from the command line. When running the
- application, you specify the driver using the option:
- -Djdbc.drivers=postgresql.Driver
- eg: This is an example of running one of my other projects with the driver:
- java -Djdbc.drivers=postgresql.Driver finder.finder
- note: This method only works with Applications (not for Applets).
- However, the application is not tied to one driver, so if you needed
- to switch databases (why I don't know ;-) ), you don't need to
- recompile the application (as long as you havent hardcoded the url's).
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
- JDBC URL syntax
- The driver recognises JDBC URL's of the form:
- jdbc:postgresql:database
- jdbc:postgresql://host/database
- jdbc:postgresql://host:port/database
- Also, you can supply both username and passwords as arguments, by appending
- them to the URL. eg:
- jdbc:postgresql:database?user=me
- jdbc:postgresql:database?user=me&password=mypass
- Previous versions you had to use an auth argument to tell the driver what
- authentication scheme to use when connecting to the database.
- However, this is no longer supported because the database tells the driver
- what scheme it's expecting.
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
- That's the basics related to this driver. You'll need to read the JDBC Docs
- on how to use it.
- POSTGRESQL SPECIFICS
- --------------------
- Date datatype:
- The driver now issues the "show datestyle;" query when it first connects, so
- any call to ResultSet.getDate() how returns the correct date.
- One caveat though: if you change the datestyle from within JDBC, you must also
- issue the "show datestyle" query. Without this, the driver will not know of
- the change.
- ie:
- Statement s = db.createStatement();
- ...
- s.executeUpdate("set datestyle='european'");
- s.executeUpdate("show datestyle");
- ..
- s.close();
- Please note: This may change later, so that the driver uses the same format
- internally (similar to how the ODBC driver works).
- ------------------
- JDBC supports database specific data types using the getObject() call. The
- following types have their own Java equivalents supplied by the driver:
- box, circle, line, lseg, path, point, polygon
- When using the getObject() method on a resultset, it returns a PG_Object,
- which holds the postgres type, and its value. This object also supports
- methods to retrive these types.
- Eg: column 3 contains a point, and rs is the ResultSet:
- PG_Object o = (PG_Object)rs.getObject(3);
- PGpoint p = o.getPoint();
- System.out.println("point returned x="+p.x+", y="+p.y);
- Also, when using these classes, their toString() methods return the correct
- syntax for writing these to the database.
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
- Peter T Mount, December 29 1998
- home email: pmount@retep.org.uk http://www.retep.org.uk
- work email: petermount@it.maidstone.gov.uk or peter@taer.maidstone.gov.uk
- PS: Please use the home email whenever possible. If you must contact me at work
- then please cc my home one at the same time.