start-ag.sgml
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上传日期:2007-01-07
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- <!--
- - This file currently contains several small chapters.
- - Each chapter should be split off into a separate source file...
- - - thomas 1998-02-24
- -->
- <chapter id="newuser">
- <title>Adding and Deleting Users</title>
- <para>
- <application>createuser</application> enables specific users to access
- <productname>Postgres</productname>.
- <application>destroyuser</application> removes users and
- prevents them from accessing <productname>Postgres</productname>.
- </para>
- <para>
- These commands only affect users with respect to
- <productname>Postgres</productname>;
- they have no effect on a user's other privileges or status with regards
- to the underlying operating system.
- </para>
- </chapter>
- <chapter id="disk">
- <title>Disk Management</title>
- <sect1>
- <title>Alternate Locations</title>
- <para>
- It is possible to create a database in a location other than the default
- location for the installation. Remember that all database access actually
- occurs through the database backend, so that any location specified must
- be accessible by the backend.
- </para>
- <para>
- Alternate database locations are created and referenced by an environment variable
- which gives the absolute path to the intended storage location.
- This environment variable must have been defined before the backend was started
- and must be writable by the postgres administrator account.
- Any valid environment variable name may be used to reference an alternate
- location, although using variable name with a prefix of PGDATA is recommended
- to avoid confusion and conflict with other variables.
- </para>
- <note>
- <para>
- In previous versions of <productname>Postgres</productname>,
- it was also permissable to use an absolute path name
- to specify an alternate storage location.
- The environment variable style of specification
- is to be preferred since it allows the site administrator more flexibility in
- managing disk storage.
- If you prefer using absolute paths, you may do so by defining
- "ALLOW_ABSOLUTE_DBPATHS" and recompiling <productname>Postgres</productname>
- To do this, either add this line
- <programlisting>
- #define ALLOW_ABSOLUTE_DBPATHS 1
- </programlisting>
- to the file <filename>src/include/config.h</filename>, or by specifying
- <programlisting>
- CFLAGS+= -DALLOW_ABSOLUTE_DBPATHS
- </programlisting>
- in your <filename>Makefile.custom</filename>.
- </para>
- </note>
- <para>
- Remember that database creation is actually performed by the database backend.
- Therefore, any environment variable specifying an alternate location must have
- been defined before the backend was started. To define an alternate location
- PGDATA2 pointing to <filename>/home/postgres/data</filename>, first type
- <programlisting>
- % setenv PGDATA2 /home/postgres/data
- </programlisting>
- to define the environment variable to be used with subsequent commands.
- Usually, you will want to define this variable in the
- <productname>Postgres</productname> superuser's
- <filename>.profile</filename>
- or
- <filename>.cshrc</filename>
- initialization file to ensure that it is defined upon system startup.
- Any environment variable can be used to reference alternate location,
- although it is preferred that the variables be prefixed with "PGDATA"
- to eliminate confusion and the possibility of conflicting with or
- overwriting other variables.
- </para>
- <para>
- To create a data storage area in PGDATA2, ensure
- that <filename>/home/postgres</filename> already exists and is writable
- by the postgres administrator.
- Then from the command line, type
- <programlisting>
- % setenv PGDATA2 /home/postgres/data
- % initlocation $PGDATA2
- Creating Postgres database system directory /home/postgres/data
- Creating Postgres database system directory /home/postgres/data/base
- </programlisting>
- </para>
- <para>
- To test the new location, create a database <database>test</database> by typing
- <programlisting>
- % createdb -D PGDATA2 test
- % destroydb test
- </programlisting>
- </para>
- </sect1>
- </chapter>
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