Changes
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- Intro
- =====
- This document is designed to provide a list of the minimum levels of
- software necessary to run the 2.4 kernels, as well as provide brief
- instructions regarding any other "Gotchas" users may encounter when
- trying life on the Bleeding Edge. If upgrading from a pre-2.2.x
- kernel, please consult the Changes file included with 2.2.x kernels for
- additional information; most of that information will not be repeated
- here. Basically, this document assumes that your system is already
- functional and running at least 2.2.x kernels.
- This document is originally based on my "Changes" file for 2.0.x kernels
- and therefore owes credit to the same people as that file (Jared Mauch,
- Axel Boldt, Alessandro Sigala, and countless other users all over the
- 'net).
- The latest revision of this document, in various formats, can always
- be found at <http://cyberbuzz.gatech.edu/kaboom/linux/Changes-2.4/>.
- Feel free to translate this document. If you do so, please send me a
- URL to your translation for inclusion in future revisions of this
- document.
- Smotrite file <http://oblom.rnc.ru/linux/kernel/Changes.ru>, yavlyaushisya
- russkim perevodom dannogo documenta.
- Visite <http://www2.adi.uam.es/~ender/tecnico/> para obtener la traducci髇
- al espa駉l de este documento en varios formatos.
- Eine deutsche Version dieser Datei finden Sie unter
- <http://www.stefan-winter.de/Changes-2.4.0.txt>.
- Last updated: May 9, 2001
- Chris Ricker (kaboom@gatech.edu or chris.ricker@genetics.utah.edu).
- Current Minimal Requirements
- ============================
- Upgrade to at *least* these software revisions before thinking you've
- encountered a bug! If you're unsure what version you're currently
- running, the suggested command should tell you.
- Again, keep in mind that this list assumes you are already
- functionally running a Linux 2.2 kernel. Also, not all tools are
- necessary on all systems; obviously, if you don't have any PCMCIA (PC
- Card) hardware, for example, you probably needn't concern yourself
- with pcmcia-cs.
- o Gnu C 2.95.3 # gcc --version
- o Gnu make 3.77 # make --version
- o binutils 2.9.1.0.25 # ld -v
- o util-linux 2.10o # fdformat --version
- o modutils 2.4.2 # insmod -V
- o e2fsprogs 1.25 # tune2fs
- o reiserfsprogs 3.x.0j # reiserfsck 2>&1|grep reiserfsprogs
- o pcmcia-cs 3.1.21 # cardmgr -V
- o PPP 2.4.0 # pppd --version
- o isdn4k-utils 3.1pre1 # isdnctrl 2>&1|grep version
-
- Kernel compilation
- ==================
- GCC
- ---
- The gcc version requirements may vary depending on the type of CPU in your
- computer. The next paragraph applies to users of x86 CPUs, but not
- necessarily to users of other CPUs. Users of other CPUs should obtain
- information about their gcc version requirements from another source.
- The recommended compiler for the kernel is gcc 2.95.3 or .4, and it
- should be used when you need absolute stability. You may use gcc 3.0.x
- instead if you wish, although it may cause problems. Later versions of gcc
- have not received much testing for Linux kernel compilation, and there are
- almost certainly bugs (mainly, but not exclusively, in the kernel) that
- will need to be fixed in order to use these compilers. In any case, using
- pgcc instead of egcs or plain gcc is just asking for trouble.
- Note that gcc 2.7.2.3 is no longer a supported kernel compiler. The kernel
- no longer works around bugs in gcc 2.7.2.3 and, in fact, will refuse to
- be compiled with it. egcs-1.1.2 has register allocation problems in very
- obscure cases. We have ensured the kernel does not trip these in any known
- situation. The 2.5 tree is likely to drop egcs-1.1.2 workarounds.
- The Red Hat gcc 2.96 compiler subtree can also be used to build this tree.
- You should ensure you use gcc-2.96-74 or later. gcc-2.96-54 will not build
- the kernel correctly.
- In addition, please pay attention to compiler optimization. Anything
- greater than -O2 may not be wise. Similarly, if you choose to use gcc-2.95.x
- or derivatives, be sure not to use -fstrict-aliasing (which, depending on
- your version of gcc 2.95.x, may necessitate using -fno-strict-aliasing).
- Make
- ----
- You will need Gnu make 3.77 or later to build the kernel.
- Binutils
- --------
- Linux on IA-32 has recently switched from using as86 to using gas for
- assembling the 16-bit boot code, removing the need for as86 to compile
- your kernel. This change does, however, mean that you need a recent
- release of binutils.
- If you can, upgrade to the latest 2.9.5 or 2.10 binutils release. Older
- releases such as 2.8, 2.8.xx, and the FSF's 2.9.1 should be avoided if
- at all possible. The later releases of 2.9.1.0.x (anything where x >= 22)
- can and do compile the kernel properly, but there are many benefits in
- upgrading to 2.9.5 or 2.10 if you're up to it.
- System utils
- ============
- Architectural changes
- ---------------------
- DevFS is now in the kernel. See Documentation/filesystems/devfs/* in
- the kernel source tree for all the gory details.
- The Logical Volume Manager (LVM) is now in the kernel. If you want to
- use this, you'll need to install the necessary LVM toolset.
- 32-bit UID support is now in place. Have fun!
- Linux documentation for functions is transitioning to inline
- documentation via specially-formatted comments near their
- definitions in the source. These comments can be combined with the
- SGML templates in the Documentation/DocBook directory to make DocBook
- files, which can then be converted by DocBook stylesheets to PostScript,
- HTML, PDF files, and several other formats. In order to convert from
- DocBook format to a format of your choice, you'll need to install Jade as
- well as the desired DocBook stylesheets.
- Util-linux
- ----------
- New versions of util-linux provide *fdisk support for larger disks,
- support new options to mount, recognize more supported partition
- types, have a fdformat which works with 2.4 kernels, and similar goodies.
- You'll probably want to upgrade.
- Ksymoops
- --------
- If the unthinkable happens and your kernel oopses, you'll need a 2.4
- version of ksymoops to decode the report; see REPORTING-BUGS in the
- root of the Linux source for more information.
- Modutils
- --------
- Upgrade to recent modutils to fix various outstanding bugs which are
- seen more frequently under 2.4.x, and to enable auto-loading of USB
- modules. In addition, the layout of modules under
- /lib/modules/`uname -r`/ has been made more sane. This change also
- requires that you upgrade to a recent modutils.
- Mkinitrd
- --------
- These changes to the /lib/modules file tree layout also require that
- mkinitrd be upgraded.
- E2fsprogs
- ---------
- The latest version of e2fsprogs fixes several bugs in fsck and
- debugfs. Obviously, it's a good idea to upgrade.
- Reiserfsprogs
- -------------
- The reiserfsprogs package should be used for reiserfs-3.6.x
- (Linux kernels 2.4.x). It is a combined package and contains working
- versions of mkreiserfs, resize_reiserfs, debugreiserfs and
- reiserfsck. These utils work on both i386 and alpha platforms.
- Pcmcia-cs
- ---------
- PCMCIA (PC Card) support is now partially implemented in the main
- kernel source. Pay attention when you recompile your kernel ;-).
- Also, be sure to upgrade to the latest pcmcia-cs release.
- Intel IA32 microcode
- --------------------
- A driver has been added to allow updating of Intel IA32 microcode,
- accessible as both a devfs regular file and as a normal (misc)
- character device. If you are not using devfs you may need to:
- mkdir /dev/cpu
- mknod /dev/cpu/microcode c 10 184
- chmod 0644 /dev/cpu/microcode
- as root before you can use this. You'll probably also want to
- get the user-space microcode_ctl utility to use with this.
- If you have compiled the driver as a module you may need to add
- the following line:
- alias char-major-10-184 microcode
- to your /etc/modules.conf file.
- Powertweak
- ----------
- If you are running v0.1.17 or earlier, you should upgrade to
- version v0.99.0 or higher. Running old versions may cause problems
- with programs using shared memory.
- Networking
- ==========
- General changes
- ---------------
- The IP firewalling and NAT code has been replaced again. The new
- netfilter software (including ipfwadm and ipchains backwards-
- compatible modules) is currently distributed separately.
- If you have advanced network configuration needs, you should probably
- consider using the network tools from ip-route2.
- PPP
- ---
- The PPP driver has been restructured to support multilink and to
- enable it to operate over diverse media layers. If you use PPP,
- upgrade pppd to at least 2.4.0.
- If you are not using devfs, you must have the device file /dev/ppp
- which can be made by:
- mknod /dev/ppp c 108 0
- as root.
- If you build ppp support as modules, you will need the following in
- your /etc/modules.conf file:
- alias char-major-108 ppp_generic
- alias /dev/ppp ppp_generic
- alias tty-ldisc-3 ppp_async
- alias tty-ldisc-14 ppp_synctty
- alias ppp-compress-21 bsd_comp
- alias ppp-compress-24 ppp_deflate
- alias ppp-compress-26 ppp_deflate
- If you use devfsd and build ppp support as modules, you will need
- the following in your /etc/devfsd.conf file:
- LOOKUP PPP MODLOAD
- Isdn4k-utils
- ------------
- Due to changes in the length of the phone number field, isdn4k-utils
- needs to be recompiled or (preferably) upgraded.
- Getting updated software
- ========================
- Compilers
- *********
- egcs 1.1.2 (gcc 2.91.66)
- ------------------------
- o <ftp://sourceware.cygnus.com/pub/gcc/releases/egcs-1.1.2/egcs-1.1.2.tar.bz2>
- gcc 2.95.3
- ----------
- o <ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/gcc/gcc-2.95.3.tar.gz>
- Gnu Make
- ********
- Make 3.77
- ---------
- o <ftp://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/make/make-3.77.tar.gz>
- Binutils
- ********
- 2.9.1 series
- ------------
- o <ftp://ftp.valinux.com/pub/support/hjl/binutils/2.9.1/binutils-2.9.1.0.25.tar.gz>
- 2.9.5 and 2.10 series
- ---------------------
- o <ftp://ftp.valinux.com/pub/support/hjl/binutils/>
- System utilities
- ****************
- Util-linux
- ----------
- o <ftp://ftp.kernel.org/pub/linux/utils/util-linux/util-linux-2.10o.tar.gz>
- Ksymoops
- --------
- o <ftp://ftp.kernel.org/pub/linux/utils/kernel/ksymoops/v2.4/>
- Modutils
- --------
- o <ftp://ftp.kernel.org/pub/linux/utils/kernel/modutils/v2.4/>
- Mkinitrd
- --------
- o <ftp://rawhide.redhat.com/pub/rawhide/SRPMS/SRPMS/>
- E2fsprogs
- ---------
- o <http://prdownloads.sourceforge.net/e2fsprogs/e2fsprogs-1.25.tar.gz>
- Reiserfsprogs
- -------------
- o <ftp://ftp.namesys.com/pub/reiserfsprogs/reiserfsprogs-3.x.0j.tar.gz>
- LVM toolset
- -----------
- o <http://www.sistina.com/lvm/>
- Pcmcia-cs
- ---------
- o <ftp://pcmcia-cs.sourceforge.net/pub/pcmcia-cs/pcmcia-cs-3.1.21.tar.gz>
- Jade
- ----
- o <ftp://ftp.jclark.com/pub/jade/jade-1.2.1.tar.gz>
- DocBook Stylesheets
- -------------------
- o <http://nwalsh.com/docbook/dsssl/>
- Intel P6 microcode
- ------------------
- o <http://www.urbanmyth.org/microcode/>
- Powertweak
- ----------
- o <http://powertweak.sourceforge.net>
- Network
- *******
- PPP
- ---
- o <ftp://ftp.samba.org/pub/ppp/ppp-2.4.0.tar.gz>
- Isdn4k-utils
- ------------
- o <ftp://ftp.isdn4linux.de/pub/isdn4linux/utils/isdn4k-utils.v3.1pre1.tar.gz>
- Netfilter
- ---------
- o <http://netfilter.filewatcher.org/iptables-1.2.tar.bz2>
- o <http://netfilter.samba.org/iptables-1.2.tar.bz2>
- o <http://netfilter.kernelnotes.org/iptables-1.2.tar.bz2>
- Ip-route2
- ---------
- o <ftp://ftp.inr.ac.ru/ip-routing/iproute2-2.2.4-now-ss991023.tar.gz>
- Suggestions and corrections
- ===========================
- Please feel free to submit changes, corrections, gripes, flames,
- money, etc. to me <chris.ricker@genetics.utah.edu>. Happy Linuxing!