usb-skeleton.c
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上传日期:2013-02-24
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- /*
- * USB Skeleton driver - 0.6
- *
- * Copyright (c) 2001 Greg Kroah-Hartman (greg@kroah.com)
- *
- * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
- * modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as
- * published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of
- * the License, or (at your option) any later version.
- *
- *
- * This driver is to be used as a skeleton driver to be able to create a
- * USB driver quickly. The design of it is based on the usb-serial and
- * dc2xx drivers.
- *
- * Thanks to Oliver Neukum and David Brownell for their help in debugging
- * this driver.
- *
- * TODO:
- * - fix urb->status race condition in write sequence
- * - move minor_table to a dynamic list.
- *
- * History:
- *
- * 2001_11_05 - 0.6 - fix minor locking problem in skel_disconnect.
- * Thanks to Pete Zaitcev for the fix.
- * 2001_09_04 - 0.5 - fix devfs bug in skel_disconnect. Thanks to wim delvaux
- * 2001_08_21 - 0.4 - more small bug fixes.
- * 2001_05_29 - 0.3 - more bug fixes based on review from linux-usb-devel
- * 2001_05_24 - 0.2 - bug fixes based on review from linux-usb-devel people
- * 2001_05_01 - 0.1 - first version
- *
- */
- #include <linux/config.h>
- #include <linux/kernel.h>
- #include <linux/sched.h>
- #include <linux/signal.h>
- #include <linux/errno.h>
- #include <linux/poll.h>
- #include <linux/init.h>
- #include <linux/slab.h>
- #include <linux/fcntl.h>
- #include <linux/module.h>
- #include <linux/spinlock.h>
- #include <linux/list.h>
- #include <linux/smp_lock.h>
- #include <linux/devfs_fs_kernel.h>
- #include <linux/usb.h>
- #ifdef CONFIG_USB_DEBUG
- static int debug = 1;
- #else
- static int debug;
- #endif
- /* Use our own dbg macro */
- #undef dbg
- #define dbg(format, arg...) do { if (debug) printk(KERN_DEBUG __FILE__ ": " format "n" , ## arg); } while (0)
- /* Version Information */
- #define DRIVER_VERSION "v0.4"
- #define DRIVER_AUTHOR "Greg Kroah-Hartman, greg@kroah.com"
- #define DRIVER_DESC "USB Skeleton Driver"
- /* Module paramaters */
- MODULE_PARM(debug, "i");
- MODULE_PARM_DESC(debug, "Debug enabled or not");
- /* Define these values to match your device */
- #define USB_SKEL_VENDOR_ID 0xfff0
- #define USB_SKEL_PRODUCT_ID 0xfff0
- /* table of devices that work with this driver */
- static struct usb_device_id skel_table [] = {
- { USB_DEVICE(USB_SKEL_VENDOR_ID, USB_SKEL_PRODUCT_ID) },
- { } /* Terminating entry */
- };
- MODULE_DEVICE_TABLE (usb, skel_table);
- /* Get a minor range for your devices from the usb maintainer */
- #define USB_SKEL_MINOR_BASE 200
- /* we can have up to this number of device plugged in at once */
- #define MAX_DEVICES 16
- /* Structure to hold all of our device specific stuff */
- struct usb_skel {
- struct usb_device * udev; /* save off the usb device pointer */
- struct usb_interface * interface; /* the interface for this device */
- devfs_handle_t devfs; /* devfs device node */
- unsigned char minor; /* the starting minor number for this device */
- unsigned char num_ports; /* the number of ports this device has */
- char num_interrupt_in; /* number of interrupt in endpoints we have */
- char num_bulk_in; /* number of bulk in endpoints we have */
- char num_bulk_out; /* number of bulk out endpoints we have */
- unsigned char * bulk_in_buffer; /* the buffer to receive data */
- int bulk_in_size; /* the size of the receive buffer */
- __u8 bulk_in_endpointAddr; /* the address of the bulk in endpoint */
- unsigned char * bulk_out_buffer; /* the buffer to send data */
- int bulk_out_size; /* the size of the send buffer */
- struct urb * write_urb; /* the urb used to send data */
- __u8 bulk_out_endpointAddr; /* the address of the bulk out endpoint */
- struct tq_struct tqueue; /* task queue for line discipline waking up */
- int open_count; /* number of times this port has been opened */
- struct semaphore sem; /* locks this structure */
- };
- /* the global usb devfs handle */
- extern devfs_handle_t usb_devfs_handle;
- /* local function prototypes */
- static ssize_t skel_read (struct file *file, char *buffer, size_t count, loff_t *ppos);
- static ssize_t skel_write (struct file *file, const char *buffer, size_t count, loff_t *ppos);
- static int skel_ioctl (struct inode *inode, struct file *file, unsigned int cmd, unsigned long arg);
- static int skel_open (struct inode *inode, struct file *file);
- static int skel_release (struct inode *inode, struct file *file);
-
- static void * skel_probe (struct usb_device *dev, unsigned int ifnum, const struct usb_device_id *id);
- static void skel_disconnect (struct usb_device *dev, void *ptr);
- static void skel_write_bulk_callback (struct urb *urb);
- /* array of pointers to our devices that are currently connected */
- static struct usb_skel *minor_table[MAX_DEVICES];
- /* lock to protect the minor_table structure */
- static DECLARE_MUTEX (minor_table_mutex);
- /*
- * File operations needed when we register this driver.
- * This assumes that this driver NEEDS file operations,
- * of course, which means that the driver is expected
- * to have a node in the /dev directory. If the USB
- * device were for a network interface then the driver
- * would use "struct net_driver" instead, and a serial
- * device would use "struct tty_driver".
- */
- static struct file_operations skel_fops = {
- /*
- * The owner field is part of the module-locking
- * mechanism. The idea is that the kernel knows
- * which module to increment the use-counter of
- * BEFORE it calls the device's open() function.
- * This also means that the kernel can decrement
- * the use-counter again before calling release()
- * or should the open() function fail.
- *
- * Not all device structures have an "owner" field
- * yet. "struct file_operations" and "struct net_device"
- * do, while "struct tty_driver" does not. If the struct
- * has an "owner" field, then initialize it to the value
- * THIS_MODULE and the kernel will handle all module
- * locking for you automatically. Otherwise, you must
- * increment the use-counter in the open() function
- * and decrement it again in the release() function
- * yourself.
- */
- owner: THIS_MODULE,
- read: skel_read,
- write: skel_write,
- ioctl: skel_ioctl,
- open: skel_open,
- release: skel_release,
- };
- /* usb specific object needed to register this driver with the usb subsystem */
- static struct usb_driver skel_driver = {
- name: "skeleton",
- probe: skel_probe,
- disconnect: skel_disconnect,
- fops: &skel_fops,
- minor: USB_SKEL_MINOR_BASE,
- id_table: skel_table,
- };
- /**
- * usb_skel_debug_data
- */
- static inline void usb_skel_debug_data (const char *function, int size, const unsigned char *data)
- {
- int i;
- if (!debug)
- return;
-
- printk (KERN_DEBUG __FILE__": %s - length = %d, data = ",
- function, size);
- for (i = 0; i < size; ++i) {
- printk ("%.2x ", data[i]);
- }
- printk ("n");
- }
- /**
- * skel_delete
- */
- static inline void skel_delete (struct usb_skel *dev)
- {
- minor_table[dev->minor] = NULL;
- if (dev->bulk_in_buffer != NULL)
- kfree (dev->bulk_in_buffer);
- if (dev->bulk_out_buffer != NULL)
- kfree (dev->bulk_out_buffer);
- if (dev->write_urb != NULL)
- usb_free_urb (dev->write_urb);
- kfree (dev);
- }
- /**
- * skel_open
- */
- static int skel_open (struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
- {
- struct usb_skel *dev = NULL;
- int subminor;
- int retval = 0;
-
- dbg(__FUNCTION__);
- subminor = MINOR (inode->i_rdev) - USB_SKEL_MINOR_BASE;
- if ((subminor < 0) ||
- (subminor >= MAX_DEVICES)) {
- return -ENODEV;
- }
- /* Increment our usage count for the module.
- * This is redundant here, because "struct file_operations"
- * has an "owner" field. This line is included here soley as
- * a reference for drivers using lesser structures... ;-)
- */
- MOD_INC_USE_COUNT;
- /* lock our minor table and get our local data for this minor */
- down (&minor_table_mutex);
- dev = minor_table[subminor];
- if (dev == NULL) {
- up (&minor_table_mutex);
- MOD_DEC_USE_COUNT;
- return -ENODEV;
- }
- /* lock this device */
- down (&dev->sem);
- /* unlock the minor table */
- up (&minor_table_mutex);
- /* increment our usage count for the driver */
- ++dev->open_count;
- /* save our object in the file's private structure */
- file->private_data = dev;
- /* unlock this device */
- up (&dev->sem);
- return retval;
- }
- /**
- * skel_release
- */
- static int skel_release (struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
- {
- struct usb_skel *dev;
- int retval = 0;
- dev = (struct usb_skel *)file->private_data;
- if (dev == NULL) {
- dbg (__FUNCTION__ " - object is NULL");
- return -ENODEV;
- }
- dbg(__FUNCTION__ " - minor %d", dev->minor);
- /* lock our minor table */
- down (&minor_table_mutex);
- /* lock our device */
- down (&dev->sem);
- if (dev->open_count <= 0) {
- dbg (__FUNCTION__ " - device not opened");
- retval = -ENODEV;
- goto exit_not_opened;
- }
- if (dev->udev == NULL) {
- /* the device was unplugged before the file was released */
- up (&dev->sem);
- skel_delete (dev);
- up (&minor_table_mutex);
- MOD_DEC_USE_COUNT;
- return 0;
- }
- /* decrement our usage count for the device */
- --dev->open_count;
- if (dev->open_count <= 0) {
- /* shutdown any bulk writes that might be going on */
- usb_unlink_urb (dev->write_urb);
- dev->open_count = 0;
- }
- /* decrement our usage count for the module */
- MOD_DEC_USE_COUNT;
- exit_not_opened:
- up (&dev->sem);
- up (&minor_table_mutex);
- return retval;
- }
- /**
- * skel_read
- */
- static ssize_t skel_read (struct file *file, char *buffer, size_t count, loff_t *ppos)
- {
- struct usb_skel *dev;
- int retval = 0;
- dev = (struct usb_skel *)file->private_data;
-
- dbg(__FUNCTION__ " - minor %d, count = %d", dev->minor, count);
- /* lock this object */
- down (&dev->sem);
- /* verify that the device wasn't unplugged */
- if (dev->udev == NULL) {
- up (&dev->sem);
- return -ENODEV;
- }
-
- /* do an immediate bulk read to get data from the device */
- retval = usb_bulk_msg (dev->udev,
- usb_rcvbulkpipe (dev->udev,
- dev->bulk_in_endpointAddr),
- dev->bulk_in_buffer, dev->bulk_in_size,
- &count, HZ*10);
- /* if the read was successful, copy the data to userspace */
- if (!retval) {
- if (copy_to_user (buffer, dev->bulk_in_buffer, count))
- retval = -EFAULT;
- else
- retval = count;
- }
-
- /* unlock the device */
- up (&dev->sem);
- return retval;
- }
- /**
- * skel_write
- */
- static ssize_t skel_write (struct file *file, const char *buffer, size_t count, loff_t *ppos)
- {
- struct usb_skel *dev;
- ssize_t bytes_written = 0;
- int retval = 0;
- dev = (struct usb_skel *)file->private_data;
- dbg(__FUNCTION__ " - minor %d, count = %d", dev->minor, count);
- /* lock this object */
- down (&dev->sem);
- /* verify that the device wasn't unplugged */
- if (dev->udev == NULL) {
- retval = -ENODEV;
- goto exit;
- }
- /* verify that we actually have some data to write */
- if (count == 0) {
- dbg(__FUNCTION__ " - write request of 0 bytes");
- goto exit;
- }
- /* see if we are already in the middle of a write */
- if (dev->write_urb->status == -EINPROGRESS) {
- dbg (__FUNCTION__ " - already writing");
- goto exit;
- }
- /* we can only write as much as 1 urb will hold */
- bytes_written = (count > dev->bulk_out_size) ?
- dev->bulk_out_size : count;
- /* copy the data from userspace into our urb */
- if (copy_from_user(dev->write_urb->transfer_buffer, buffer,
- bytes_written)) {
- retval = -EFAULT;
- goto exit;
- }
- usb_skel_debug_data (__FUNCTION__, bytes_written,
- dev->write_urb->transfer_buffer);
- /* set up our urb */
- FILL_BULK_URB(dev->write_urb, dev->udev,
- usb_sndbulkpipe(dev->udev, dev->bulk_out_endpointAddr),
- dev->write_urb->transfer_buffer, bytes_written,
- skel_write_bulk_callback, dev);
- /* send the data out the bulk port */
- retval = usb_submit_urb(dev->write_urb);
- if (retval) {
- err(__FUNCTION__ " - failed submitting write urb, error %d",
- retval);
- } else {
- retval = bytes_written;
- }
- exit:
- /* unlock the device */
- up (&dev->sem);
- return retval;
- }
- /**
- * skel_ioctl
- */
- static int skel_ioctl (struct inode *inode, struct file *file, unsigned int cmd, unsigned long arg)
- {
- struct usb_skel *dev;
- dev = (struct usb_skel *)file->private_data;
- /* lock this object */
- down (&dev->sem);
- /* verify that the device wasn't unplugged */
- if (dev->udev == NULL) {
- up (&dev->sem);
- return -ENODEV;
- }
- dbg(__FUNCTION__ " - minor %d, cmd 0x%.4x, arg %ld",
- dev->minor, cmd, arg);
- /* fill in your device specific stuff here */
-
- /* unlock the device */
- up (&dev->sem);
-
- /* return that we did not understand this ioctl call */
- return -ENOTTY;
- }
- /**
- * skel_write_bulk_callback
- */
- static void skel_write_bulk_callback (struct urb *urb)
- {
- struct usb_skel *dev = (struct usb_skel *)urb->context;
- dbg(__FUNCTION__ " - minor %d", dev->minor);
- if ((urb->status != -ENOENT) &&
- (urb->status != -ECONNRESET)) {
- dbg(__FUNCTION__ " - nonzero write bulk status received: %d",
- urb->status);
- return;
- }
- return;
- }
- /**
- * skel_probe
- *
- * Called by the usb core when a new device is connected that it thinks
- * this driver might be interested in.
- */
- static void * skel_probe(struct usb_device *udev, unsigned int ifnum, const struct usb_device_id *id)
- {
- struct usb_skel *dev = NULL;
- struct usb_interface *interface;
- struct usb_interface_descriptor *iface_desc;
- struct usb_endpoint_descriptor *endpoint;
- int minor;
- int buffer_size;
- int i;
- char name[10];
-
- /* See if the device offered us matches what we can accept */
- if ((udev->descriptor.idVendor != USB_SKEL_VENDOR_ID) ||
- (udev->descriptor.idProduct != USB_SKEL_PRODUCT_ID)) {
- return NULL;
- }
- /* select a "subminor" number (part of a minor number) */
- down (&minor_table_mutex);
- for (minor = 0; minor < MAX_DEVICES; ++minor) {
- if (minor_table[minor] == NULL)
- break;
- }
- if (minor >= MAX_DEVICES) {
- info ("Too many devices plugged in, can not handle this device.");
- goto exit;
- }
- /* allocate memory for our device state and intialize it */
- dev = kmalloc (sizeof(struct usb_skel), GFP_KERNEL);
- if (dev == NULL) {
- err ("Out of memory");
- goto exit;
- }
- minor_table[minor] = dev;
- interface = &udev->actconfig->interface[ifnum];
- init_MUTEX (&dev->sem);
- dev->udev = udev;
- dev->interface = interface;
- dev->minor = minor;
- /* set up the endpoint information */
- /* check out the endpoints */
- iface_desc = &interface->altsetting[0];
- for (i = 0; i < iface_desc->bNumEndpoints; ++i) {
- endpoint = &iface_desc->endpoint[i];
- if ((endpoint->bEndpointAddress & 0x80) &&
- ((endpoint->bmAttributes & 3) == 0x02)) {
- /* we found a bulk in endpoint */
- buffer_size = endpoint->wMaxPacketSize;
- dev->bulk_in_size = buffer_size;
- dev->bulk_in_endpointAddr = endpoint->bEndpointAddress;
- dev->bulk_in_buffer = kmalloc (buffer_size, GFP_KERNEL);
- if (!dev->bulk_in_buffer) {
- err("Couldn't allocate bulk_in_buffer");
- goto error;
- }
- }
-
- if (((endpoint->bEndpointAddress & 0x80) == 0x00) &&
- ((endpoint->bmAttributes & 3) == 0x02)) {
- /* we found a bulk out endpoint */
- dev->write_urb = usb_alloc_urb(0);
- if (!dev->write_urb) {
- err("No free urbs available");
- goto error;
- }
- buffer_size = endpoint->wMaxPacketSize;
- dev->bulk_out_size = buffer_size;
- dev->bulk_out_endpointAddr = endpoint->bEndpointAddress;
- dev->bulk_out_buffer = kmalloc (buffer_size, GFP_KERNEL);
- if (!dev->bulk_out_buffer) {
- err("Couldn't allocate bulk_out_buffer");
- goto error;
- }
- FILL_BULK_URB(dev->write_urb, udev,
- usb_sndbulkpipe(udev,
- endpoint->bEndpointAddress),
- dev->bulk_out_buffer, buffer_size,
- skel_write_bulk_callback, dev);
- }
- }
- /* initialize the devfs node for this device and register it */
- sprintf(name, "skel%d", dev->minor);
-
- dev->devfs = devfs_register (usb_devfs_handle, name,
- DEVFS_FL_DEFAULT, USB_MAJOR,
- USB_SKEL_MINOR_BASE + dev->minor,
- S_IFCHR | S_IRUSR | S_IWUSR |
- S_IRGRP | S_IWGRP | S_IROTH,
- &skel_fops, NULL);
- /* let the user know what node this device is now attached to */
- info ("USB Skeleton device now attached to USBSkel%d", dev->minor);
- goto exit;
-
- error:
- skel_delete (dev);
- dev = NULL;
- exit:
- up (&minor_table_mutex);
- return dev;
- }
- /**
- * skel_disconnect
- *
- * Called by the usb core when the device is removed from the system.
- */
- static void skel_disconnect(struct usb_device *udev, void *ptr)
- {
- struct usb_skel *dev;
- int minor;
- dev = (struct usb_skel *)ptr;
-
- down (&minor_table_mutex);
- down (&dev->sem);
-
- minor = dev->minor;
- /* remove our devfs node */
- devfs_unregister(dev->devfs);
- /* if the device is not opened, then we clean up right now */
- if (!dev->open_count) {
- up (&dev->sem);
- skel_delete (dev);
- } else {
- dev->udev = NULL;
- up (&dev->sem);
- }
- info("USB Skeleton #%d now disconnected", minor);
- up (&minor_table_mutex);
- }
- /**
- * usb_skel_init
- */
- static int __init usb_skel_init(void)
- {
- int result;
- /* register this driver with the USB subsystem */
- result = usb_register(&skel_driver);
- if (result < 0) {
- err("usb_register failed for the "__FILE__" driver. Error number %d",
- result);
- return -1;
- }
- info(DRIVER_DESC " " DRIVER_VERSION);
- return 0;
- }
- /**
- * usb_skel_exit
- */
- static void __exit usb_skel_exit(void)
- {
- /* deregister this driver with the USB subsystem */
- usb_deregister(&skel_driver);
- }
- module_init (usb_skel_init);
- module_exit (usb_skel_exit);
- MODULE_AUTHOR(DRIVER_AUTHOR);
- MODULE_DESCRIPTION(DRIVER_DESC);
- MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");