time.README
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- README for MIPS time services
- Jun Sun
- jsun@mvista.com or jsun@junsun.net
- ABOUT
- -----
- This file describes the new arch/mips/kernel/time.c, related files and the
- services they provide.
- If you are short in patience and just want to know how to use time.c for a
- new board or convert an existing board, go to the last section.
- FILES, COMPATABILITY AND CONFIGS
- ---------------------------------
- The old arch/mips/kernel/time.c is renamed to old-time.c.
- A new time.c is put there, together with include/asm-mips/time.h.
- Two configs variables are introduced, CONFIG_OLD_TIME_C and CONFIG_NEW_TIME_C.
- So we allow boards using
- 1) old time.c (CONFIG_OLD_TIME_C)
- 2) new time.c (CONFIG_NEW_TIME_C)
- 3) neither (their own private time.c)
- However, it is expected every board will move to the new time.c in the near
- future.
- WHAT THE NEW CODE PROVIDES?
- ---------------------------
- The new time code provide the following services:
- a) Implements functions required by Linux common code:
- time_init
- do_gettimeofday
- do_settimeofday
- b) provides an abstraction of RTC and null RTC implementation as default.
- extern unsigned long (*rtc_get_time)(void);
- extern int (*rtc_set_time)(unsigned long);
- c) a set of gettimeoffset functions for different CPUs and different
- needs.
- d) high-level and low-level timer interrupt routines where the timer
- interrupt source may or may not be the CPU timer. The high-level
- routine is dispatched through do_IRQ() while the low-level is
- dispatched in assemably code (usually int-handler.S)
- WHAT THE NEW CODE REQUIRES?
- ---------------------------
- For the new code to work properly, each board implementation needs to supply
- the following functions or values:
- a) board_time_init - a function pointer. Invoked at the beginnig of
- time_init(). It is optional.
- 1. (optional) set up RTC routines
- 2. (optional) calibrate and set the mips_counter_frequency
- b) board_timer_setup - a function pointer. Invoked at the end of time_init()
- 1. (optional) over-ride any decisions made in time_init()
- 2. set up the irqaction for timer interrupt.
- 3. enable the timer interrupt
- c) (optional) board-specific RTC routines.
- d) (optional) mips_counter_frequency - It must be definied if the board
- is using CPU counter for timer interrupt or it is using fixed rate
- gettimeoffset().
- PORTING GUIDE
- -------------
- Step 1: decide how you like to implement the time services.
- a) does this board have a RTC? If yes, implement the two RTC funcs.
- b) does the CPU have counter/compare registers?
- If the answer is no, you need a timer to provide the timer interrupt
- at 100 HZ speed.
- You cannot use the fast gettimeoffset functions, i.e.,
- unsigned long fixed_rate_gettimeoffset(void);
- unsigned long calibrate_div32_gettimeoffset(void);
- unsigned long calibrate_div64_gettimeoffset(void);
- You can use null_gettimeoffset() will gives the same time resolution as
- jiffy. Or you can implement your own gettimeoffset (probably based on
- some ad hoc hardware on your machine.)
- c) The following sub steps assume your CPU has counter register.
- Do you plan to use the CPU counter register as the timer interrupt
- or use an exnternal timer?
- In order to CPU counter register as the timer interrupt source, you must
- know the counter speed (mips_counter_frequency). It is usually the
- same as the CPU speed (Or it is ALWAYS the same?)
- d) decide on whether you want to use high-level or low-level timer
- interrupt routines. The low-level one is presumably faster, but should
- not make too mcuh difference.
- Step 2: the machine setup() function
- If you supply board_time_init(), set the function poointer.
- Set the function pointer board_timer_setup() (mandatory)
- Step 3: implement rtc routines, board_time_init() and board_timer_setup()
- if needed.
- board_time_init() -
- a) (optional) set up RTC routines,
- b) (optional) calibrate and set the mips_counter_frequency
- (only needed if you intended to use fixed_rate_gettimeoffset
- or use cpu counter as timer interrupt source)
- board_timer_setup() -
- a) (optional) over-write any choices made above by time_init().
- b) machine specific code should setup the timer irqaction.
- c) enable the timer interrupt
- If the RTC chip is a common chip, I suggest the routines are put under
- arch/mips/libs. For example, for DS1386 chip, one would create
- rtc-ds1386.c under arch/mips/lib directory. Add the following line to
- the arch/mips/lib/Makefile:
- obj-$(CONFIG_DDB5476) += rtc-ds1386.o
- Step 4: if you are using low-level timer interrupt, change your interrupt
- dispathcing code to check for timer interrupt and jump to
- ll_timer_interrupt() directly if one is detected.
- Step 5: Modify arch/mips/config.in and add CONFIG_NEW_TIME_C to your machine.
- Modify the appropriate defconfig if applicable.
- Final notes:
- For some tricky cases, you may need to add your own wrapper functions
- for some of the functions in time.c.
- For example, you may define your own timer interrupt routine, which does
- its own processing and in turn calls timer_interrupt().
- You can also over-ride any of the built-in functions (gettimeoffset,
- RTC routines and/or timer interrupt routine).