6pack.txt
上传用户:jlfgdled
上传日期:2013-04-10
资源大小:33168k
文件大小:8k
- This is the 6pack-mini-HOWTO, written by
- Andreas K鰊sgen DG3KQ
- Internet: ajk@iehk.rwth-aachen.de
- AMPR-net: dg3kq@db0pra.ampr.org
- AX.25: dg3kq@db0ach.#nrw.deu.eu
- Last update: April 7, 1998
- 1. What is 6pack, and what are the advantages to KISS?
- 6pack is a transmission protocol for data exchange between the PC and
- the TNC over a serial line. It can be used as an alternative to KISS.
- 6pack has two major advantages:
- - The PC is given full control over the radio
- channel. Special control data is exchanged between the PC and the TNC so
- that the PC knows at any time if the TNC is receiving data, if a TNC
- buffer underrun or overrun has occurred, if the PTT is
- set and so on. This control data is processed at a higher priority than
- normal data, so a data stream can be interrupted at any time to issue an
- important event. This helps to improve the channel access and timing
- algorithms as everything is computed in the PC. It would even be possible
- to experiment with something completely different from the known CSMA and
- DAMA channel access methods.
- This kind of real-time control is especially important to supply several
- TNCs that are connected between each other and the PC by a daisy chain
- (however, this feature is not supported yet by the Linux 6pack driver).
- - Each packet transferred over the serial line is supplied with a checksum,
- so it is easy to detect errors due to problems on the serial line.
- Received packets that are corrupt are not passed on to the AX.25 layer.
- Damaged packets that the TNC has received from the PC are not transmitted.
- More details about 6pack are described in the file 6pack.ps that is located
- in the doc directory of the AX.25 utilities package.
- 2. Who has developed the 6pack protocol?
- The 6pack protocol has been developed by Ekki Plicht DF4OR, Henning Rech
- DF9IC and Gunter Jost DK7WJ. A driver for 6pack, written by Gunter Jost and
- Matthias Welwarsky DG2FEF, comes along with the PC version of FlexNet.
- They have also written a firmware for TNCs to perform the 6pack
- protocol (see section 4 below).
- 3. Where can I get the latest version of 6pack for LinuX?
- At the moment, the 6pack stuff can obtained via anonymous ftp from
- db0bm.automation.fh-aachen.de. In the directory /incoming/dg3kq,
- there is a file named 6pack.tgz.
- 4. Preparing the TNC for 6pack operation
- To be able to use 6pack, a special firmware for the TNC is needed. The EPROM
- of a newly bought TNC does not contain 6pack, so you will have to
- program an EPROM yourself. The image file for 6pack EPROMs should be
- available on any packet radio box where PC/FlexNet can be found. The name of
- the file is 6pack.bin. This file is copyrighted and maintained by the FlexNet
- team. It can be used under the terms of the license that comes along
- with PC/FlexNet. Please do not ask me about the internals of this file as I
- don't know anything about it. I used a textual description of the 6pack
- protocol to program the Linux driver.
- TNCs contain a 64kByte EPROM, the lower half of which is used for
- the firmware/KISS. The upper half is either empty or is sometimes
- programmed with software called TAPR. In the latter case, the TNC
- is supplied with a DIP switch so you can easily change between the
- two systems. When programming a new EPROM, one of the systems is replaced
- by 6pack. It is useful to replace TAPR, as this software is rarely used
- nowadays. If your TNC is not equipped with the switch mentioned above, you
- can build in one yourself that switches over the highest address pin
- of the EPROM between HIGH and LOW level. After having inserted the new EPROM
- and switched to 6pack, apply power to the TNC for a first test. The connect
- and the status LED are lit for about a second if the firmware initialises
- the TNC correctly.
- 5. Building and installing the 6pack driver
- The driver has been tested with kernel version 2.1.90. Use with older
- kernels may lead to a compilation error because the interface to a kernel
- function has been changed in the 2.1.8x kernels.
- How to turn on 6pack support:
- - In the linux kernel configuration program, select the code maturity level
- options menu and turn on the prompting for development drivers.
- - Select the amateur radio support menu and turn on the serial port 6pack
- driver.
- - Compile and install the kernel and the modules.
- To use the driver, the kissattach program delivered with the AX.25 utilities
- has to be modified.
- - Do a cd to the directory that holds the kissattach sources. Edit the
- kissattach.c file. At the top, insert the following lines:
- #ifndef N_6PACK
- #define N_6PACK (N_AX25+1)
- #endif
- Then find the line
-
- int disc = N_AX25;
- and replace N_AX25 by N_6PACK.
- - Recompile kissattach. Rename it to spattach to avoid confusions.
- Installing the driver:
- - Do an insmod 6pack. Look at your /var/log/messages file to check if the
- module has printed its initialization message.
- - Do a spattach as you would launch kissattach when starting a KISS port.
- Check if the kernel prints the message '6pack: TNC found'.
- - From here, everything should work as if you were setting up a KISS port.
- The only difference is that the network device that represents
- the 6pack port is called sp instead of sl or ax. So, sp0 would be the
- first 6pack port.
- Although the driver has been tested on various platforms, I still declare it
- ALPHA. BE CAREFUL! Sync your disks before insmoding the 6pack module
- and spattaching. Watch out if your computer behaves strangely. Read section
- 6 of this file about known problems.
- Note that the connect and status LEDs of the TNC are controlled in a
- different way than they are when the TNC is used with PC/FlexNet. When using
- FlexNet, the connect LED is on if there is a connection; the status LED is
- on if there is data in the buffer of the PC's AX.25 engine that has to be
- transmitted. Under Linux, the 6pack layer is beyond the AX.25 layer,
- so the 6pack driver doesn't know anything about connects or data that
- has not yet been transmitted. Therefore the LEDs are controlled
- as they are in KISS mode: The connect LED is turned on if data is transferred
- from the PC to the TNC over the serial line, the status LED if data is
- sent to the PC.
- 6. Known problems
- When testing the driver with 2.0.3x kernels and
- operating with data rates on the radio channel of 9600 Baud or higher,
- the driver may, on certain systems, sometimes print the message '6pack:
- bad checksum', which is due to data loss if the other station sends two
- or more subsequent packets. I have been told that this is due to a problem
- with the serial driver of 2.0.3x kernels. I don't know yet if the problem
- still exists with 2.1.x kernels, as I have heard that the serial driver
- code has been changed with 2.1.x.
- When shutting down the sp interface with ifconfig, the kernel crashes if
- there is still an AX.25 connection left over which an IP connection was
- running, even if that IP connection is already closed. The problem does not
- occur when there is a bare AX.25 connection still running. I don't know if
- this is a problem of the 6pack driver or something else in the kernel.
- The driver has been tested as a module, not yet as a kernel-builtin driver.
- The 6pack protocol supports daisy-chaining of TNCs in a token ring, which is
- connected to one serial port of the PC. This feature is not implemented
- and at least at the moment I won't be able to do it because I do not have
- the opportunity to build a TNC daisy-chain and test it.
- Some of the comments in the source code are inaccurate. They are left from
- the SLIP/KISS driver, from which the 6pack driver has been derived.
- I haven't modified or removed them yet -- sorry! The code itself needs
- some cleaning and optimizing. This will be done in a later release.
- If you encounter a bug or if you have a question or suggestion concerning the
- driver, feel free to mail me, using the addresses given at the beginning of
- this file.
- Have fun!
- Andreas