FAQ.txt
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- Frequently Asked Questions about the HFS filesystem for
- Linux
- Paul H. Hargrove, hargrove@sccm.Stanford.EDU
- version 1.0.3, 27 Apr 1997
- This document provides answers to some of the most frequently asked
- questions about the HFS filesystem for Linux. It is currently pretty
- rough and totally unorganized. Corrections, additions and clarifica-
- tions are appreciated. The most current version of this document is
- kept on The HFS for Linux Page <http://www-sccm.Stanford.EDU/~har-
- grove/HFS/>.
- ______________________________________________________________________
- Table of Contents:
- 1. What is this FAQ about?
- 2. What is HFS?
- 3. How I mount AppleShare volumes?
- 4. What is the current version of the HFS filesystem.
- 5. How stable is the current version?
- 6. Is there a mailing list for discussion of the HFS filesystem?
- 7. What version of Linux do I need to be running?
- 8. Will it run on my (your processor type here)?
- 9. Will it run under (your non-Linux operating system here)?
- 10. Why can I mount some HFS CDROMs but not others?
- 11. What does ``only 1024-char blocks implemented (512)'' mean?
- 12. Why do I get a message about a bad or unknown partition table?
- 13. Can I mount multiple HFS partitions from the same Macintosh
- disk?
- 14. In what ways can I write to HFS filesystems?
- 15. Does the HFS filesystem work with 400 kB or 800 kB Macintosh
- diskettes?
- 16. How can I format an HFS filesystem?
- 17. How can I fsck an HFS filesystem?
- 18. Why do I get ``error -50'' messages from my Mac when using
- netatalk?
- 19. Why does my Macintosh show generic application and document
- icons?
- 20. How owns all the copyrights and trademarks? ;-)
- 20.1. This Document
- 20.2. The Software
- 20.3. Trademarks
- ______________________________________________________________________
- 11.. WWhhaatt iiss tthhiiss FFAAQQ aabboouutt??
- This FAQ is about the HFS filesystem for Linux, which is available in
- two forms. The stand-alone version (called hfs_fs) is a Linux kernel
- loadable module implementing the Macintosh HFS filesystem. The HFS
- filesystem is also included in some distributions of the Linux kernel
- source (in the directory linux/fs/hfs). This version can be compiled
- as a loadable module or compiled into the kernel.
- Either version allows a machine running Linux to read and write disks
- from a Macintosh (almost) as though they were native Linux disks.
- 22.. WWhhaatt iiss HHFFSS??
- HFS stands for ``Hierarchical File System'' and is the filesystem used
- by the Mac Plus and all later Macintosh models. Earlier Macintosh
- models used MFS (``Macintosh File System''), which is not supported.
- 33.. HHooww II mmoouunntt AApppplleeSShhaarree vvoolluummeess??
- The HFS filesystem is for mounting local filesystems only. There is
- an experimental afpfs by Ben Hekster heksterb@acm.org available from
- http://www.odyssey.co.il/~heksterb/Software/afpfs/.
- 44.. WWhhaatt iiss tthhee ccuurrrreenntt vveerrssiioonn ooff tthhee HHFFSS ffiilleessyysstteemm..
- As of version 1.0.3 of this FAQ, version 0.95 is the most recent. You
- can always find the most recent version on The HFS for Linux Page
- <http://www-sccm.Stanford.EDU/~hargrove/HFS/>. Announcements of new
- versions are made to the comp.os.linux.announce newsgroup.
- 55.. HHooww ssttaabbllee iiss tthhee ccuurrrreenntt vveerrssiioonn??
- Version 0.95 is considered to be ``beta'' software, so I recommend
- making backups of anything important before you start playing. It is
- relatively free of bugs due to lots of testing of the previous
- releases.
- After a suitable period without new bugs the I will consider the
- software to be ``stable'' and the version number will jump to 1.0.
- 66.. IIss tthheerree aa mmaaiilliinngg lliisstt ffoorr ddiissccuussssiioonn ooff tthhee HHFFSS ffiilleessyysstteemm??
- There is no mailing list devoted exclusively to the HFS filesystem.
- However, announcements of new versions are posted to the ``linux-
- atalk'' and ``hfs-interest'' lists. I will see bug reports sent to
- those lists but e-mail is more reliable (hargrove@sccm.Stanford.EDU).
- To subscribe to hfs-interest send e-mail with a body of ``subscribe
- hfs-interest (your e-mail address)'' to majordomo@ccs.neu.edu.
- To subscribe to linux-atalk send e-mail with a body of ``SUBSCRIBE
- LINUX-ATALK (Your full name)'' to listserv@netspace.org.
- 77.. WWhhaatt vveerrssiioonn ooff LLiinnuuxx ddoo II nneeeedd ttoo bbee rruunnnniinngg??
- To compile and use the stand-alone distribution of the HFS filesystem
- you will need Linux kernel version 2.0.1 or newer compiled with
- modules enabled (CONFIG_MODULES). To compile you will need the kernel
- headers which match the kernel you are running. This is covered in
- more detail in the installation instructions in INSTALL.txt.
- If your kernel came with HFS in the kernel source tree then HFS should
- work with your Linux version. There may be small problems with a few
- of the development kernel releases. For these releases check the HFS
- for Linux Page <http://www-sccm.Stanford.EDU/~hargrove/HFS/> for
- patches.
- 88.. WWiillll iitt rruunn oonn mmyy ((yyoouurr pprroocceessssoorr ttyyppee hheerree))??
- The code is carefully written to be independent of your processor's
- word size and byte-order, so if your machine runs Linux it can run the
- HFS filesystem. However some younger ports don't yet have support for
- loadable modules.
- Note that HFS is tested most extensively on Intel platforms. So there
- could be subtle compilation problems on other platforms. If you
- encounter any that are not addressed by the documentation then please
- let me know.
- 99.. WWiillll iitt rruunn uunnddeerr ((yyoouurr nnoonn--LLiinnuuxx ooppeerraattiinngg ssyysstteemm hheerree))??
- No. There is a port in progress to NetBSD. I know of no other active
- porting attempts. If you are interested in porting the HFS filesystem
- to another Unix-like operating system, I am interested in providing
- what guidance I can.
- 1100.. WWhhyy ccaann II mmoouunntt ssoommee HHFFSS CCDDRROOMMss bbuutt nnoott ootthheerrss??
- In the past there was a known incompatibility with some ``hybrid''
- CDROMs that appear as HFS disks on Macs and as ISO9660 disks on other
- systems. I think I have fixed the problem. So, if you encounter this
- particular problem or have problems with specific non-hybrid CDROMs
- please e-mail me with the title and manufacturer of the CD.
- 1111.. WWhhaatt ddooeess ````oonnllyy 11002244--cchhaarr bblloocckkss iimmpplleemmeenntteedd ((551122))'''' mmeeaann??
- This message comes from the kernel and indicates that an attempt was
- made to read a 512-byte block from a device that doesn't support
- 512-byte blocks. The HFS filesystem only works with 512-byte blocks,
- and therefore doesn't function with these devices. Eventually it may
- be able to use 1024-byte (or even 2048-byte) blocks when necessary.
- Ideally the device driver should be enhanced to support 512-byte
- blocks so that the various filesystems which need 512-byte blocks
- don't each need to work around it.
- 1122.. WWhhyy ddoo II ggeett aa mmeessssaaggee aabboouutt aa bbaadd oorr uunnkknnoowwnn ppaarrttiittiioonn ttaabbllee??
- If your Linux kernel doesn't understand Macintosh partition tables it
- gives this warning when it can't find a partition table it recognizes.
- To support partitioned media with such kernels, decoding of Mac
- partition tables is done by the HFS filesystem so you should still be
- able to mount the disk. However, to do so you will need to mount the
- raw device (such as /dev/sdb instead of /dev/sdb4) and use the part
- mount option to indicate which partition you want.
- 1133.. CCaann II mmoouunntt mmuullttiippllee HHFFSS ppaarrttiittiioonnss ffrroomm tthhee ssaammee MMaacciinnttoosshh ddiisskk??
- Only if your kernel understands Macintosh partition tables. It the
- kernel doesn't understand the Macintosh partition table, the HFS
- filesystem must access the raw device. Therefore, the kernel thinks
- the entire drive is in use and prevents additional mounts on it.
- 1144.. IInn wwhhaatt wwaayyss ccaann II wwrriittee ttoo HHFFSS ffiilleessyysstteemmss??
- The HFS filesystem is as capable as the MS-DOS or VFAT filesystems,
- except that certain things can only be done with a file's data fork.
- You ccaann:
- +o Create, delete and rename directories and data forks of files with
- the caveat that names are case insensitive (so foo and Foo are the
- same file or directory).
- +o Run Linux executables or shared libraries on an HFS disk if they
- are stored in the data fork of a file.
- +o Read, write and truncate both forks of files and the Finder's
- metadata of files and directories.
- +o Mmap data forks of files (and the resource fork if the filesystem
- is mounted with the fork=cap option).
- +o Toggle the 'w' permission bits (as a group) of data forks.
- +o Change the i_mtime of files and directories.
- You ccaannnnoott:
- +o Create, delete or rename resource forks of files or the Finder's
- metadata. Note, however, that they are created (with defaults
- values), deleted and renamed along with the corresponding data fork
- or directory.
- +o Run Linux executables or shared libraries on an HFS disk if they
- are stored in the resource fork of a file.
- +o Mmap the Finder's metadata (when fork=cap) or AppleDouble header
- files (when fork=double or fork=netatalk).
- +o Change permissions on directories.
- +o Change the uid or gid of files or directories.
- +o Set the set-uid, set-gid or sticky permission bits.
- +o Create multiple links to files.
- +o Create symlinks, device files, sockets or FIFOs.
- 1155.. DDooeess tthhee HHFFSS ffiilleessyysstteemm wwoorrkk wwiitthh 440000kk oorr 880000kk MMaacciinnttoosshh
- ddiisskkeetttteess??
- Yes and no. The software is fully capable of dealing with HFS disks
- of any size. However, the 400k and 800k diskettes are written in a
- physical format that is incompatible with most non-Macintosh floppy
- drives. Note also that almost all 400k Macintosh diskettes are MFS,
- not HFS.
- 1166.. HHooww ccaann II ffoorrmmaatt aann HHFFSS ffiilleessyysstteemm??
- Robert Leslie (rob@mars.org) has written a package for working with
- HFS filesystems (like mtools plus a graphical interface). One program
- in the package is hformat which can format HFS filesystems. The
- latest version can be found on the HFS Utilities home page
- <http://www.mars.org/home/rob/proj/hfs/>.
- 1177.. HHooww ccaann II ffsscckk aann HHFFSS ffiilleessyysstteemm??
- Right now you'll have to use a Macintosh to do this. However, Rob
- Leslie is working on an fsck for HFS filesystems.
- 1188.. WWhhyy ddoo II ggeett ````eerrrroorr --5500'''' mmeessssaaggeess ffrroomm mmyy MMaacc wwhheenn uussiinngg
- nneettaattaallkk??
- To be compatible with netatalk's afpd you will need to use netatalk
- version 1.4b1 or newer and mount the HFS filesystem with the ``afpd''
- mount option. More information is provided in the ``afpd'' subsection
- of the ``Mount Options'' section of the HFS documentation (HFS.txt if
- you have the stand-alone HFS distribution or
- linux/Documentation/filesystems/hfs.txt if HFS is in your kernel
- source tree.)
- 1199.. WWhhyy ddooeess mmyy MMaacciinnttoosshh sshhooww ggeenneerriicc aapppplliiccaattiioonn aanndd ddooccuummeenntt
- iiccoonnss??
- When using the ``afpd'' mount option the Desktop database on the disk
- is not made available to Netatalk's afpd. Because of this mounting an
- HFS filesystem across the network to a Macintosh may result in the
- Finder showing generic application and document icons. Additionally
- double clicking on a document will fail to start the correct
- application.
- If the disk is writable you can make Netatalk build a new Desktop
- database in its own format by holding down the Option key while
- selecting the volume in the Chooser. If the disk is not writable then
- these problems can be worked around by copying the application to a
- local disk on the Macintosh.
- 2200.. HHooww oowwnnss aallll tthhee ccooppyyrriigghhttss aanndd ttrraaddeemmaarrkkss?? ;;--))
- 2200..11.. TThhiiss DDooccuummeenntt
- This document is Copyright (c) 1996, 1997 by Paul H. Hargrove.
- Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of this
- document provided the copyright notice and this permission notice are
- preserved on all copies.
- Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
- document under the conditions for verbatim copies above, provided a
- notice clearly stating that the document is a modified version is also
- included in the modified document.
- Permission is granted to copy and distribute translations of this
- document into another language, under the conditions specified above
- for modified versions.
- Permission is granted to convert this document into another media
- under the conditions specified above for modified versions provided
- the requirement to acknowledge the source document is fulfilled by
- inclusion of an obvious reference to the source document in the new
- media. Where there is any doubt as to what defines ``obvious'' the
- copyright owner reserves the right to decide.
- 2200..22.. TThhee SSooffttwwaarree
- The HFS filesystem software is Copyright (c) 1994-1997 by Paul H.
- Hargrove.
- The software is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
- it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
- the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option)
- any later version.
- The software is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
- WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
- MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
- General Public License for more details.
- You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
- along with the software in the file ``COPYING''; if not, write to the
- Free Software Foundation, Inc., 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139,
- USA.
- 2200..33.. TTrraaddeemmaarrkkss
- +o ``Finder'' is a trademark of Apple Computer, Inc.
- +o ``Apple'', ``AppleShare'', and ``Macintosh'' are registered
- trademarks of Apple Computer, Inc.
- +o ``MS-DOS'' is a registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation.
- +o All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners.