elf2ecoff.c
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上传日期:2013-04-10
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- /*
- * Copyright (c) 1995
- * Ted Lemon (hereinafter referred to as the author)
- *
- * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
- * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
- * are met:
- * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
- * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
- * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
- * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
- * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
- * 3. The name of the author may not be used to endorse or promote products
- * derived from this software without specific prior written permission.
- *
- * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND
- * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
- * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
- * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE
- * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
- * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
- * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
- * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
- * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
- * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
- * SUCH DAMAGE.
- */
- /* elf2ecoff.c
- This program converts an elf executable to an ECOFF executable.
- No symbol table is retained. This is useful primarily in building
- net-bootable kernels for machines (e.g., DECstation and Alpha) which
- only support the ECOFF object file format. */
- #include <stdio.h>
- #include <string.h>
- #include <errno.h>
- #include <sys/types.h>
- #include <fcntl.h>
- #include <unistd.h>
- #include <elf.h>
- #include <limits.h>
- #include <netinet/in.h>
- #include <stdlib.h>
- #include "ecoff.h"
- /*
- * Some extra ELF definitions
- */
- #define PT_MIPS_REGINFO 0x70000000 /* Register usage information */
- /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
- struct sect {
- unsigned long vaddr;
- unsigned long len;
- };
- int *symTypeTable;
- int must_convert_endian = 0;
- int format_bigendian = 0;
- static void copy(int out, int in, off_t offset, off_t size)
- {
- char ibuf[4096];
- int remaining, cur, count;
- /* Go to the start of the ELF symbol table... */
- if (lseek(in, offset, SEEK_SET) < 0) {
- perror("copy: lseek");
- exit(1);
- }
- remaining = size;
- while (remaining) {
- cur = remaining;
- if (cur > sizeof(ibuf))
- cur = sizeof(ibuf);
- remaining -= cur;
- if ((count = read(in, ibuf, cur)) != cur) {
- fprintf(stderr, "copy: read: %sn",
- count ? strerror(errno) :
- "premature end of file");
- exit(1);
- }
- if ((count = write(out, ibuf, cur)) != cur) {
- perror("copy: write");
- exit(1);
- }
- }
- }
- /*
- * Combine two segments, which must be contiguous. If pad is true, it's
- * okay for there to be padding between.
- */
- static void combine(struct sect *base, struct sect *new, int pad)
- {
- if (!base->len)
- *base = *new;
- else if (new->len) {
- if (base->vaddr + base->len != new->vaddr) {
- if (pad)
- base->len = new->vaddr - base->vaddr;
- else {
- fprintf(stderr,
- "Non-contiguous data can't be converted.n");
- exit(1);
- }
- }
- base->len += new->len;
- }
- }
- static int phcmp(const void *v1, const void *v2)
- {
- const Elf32_Phdr *h1 = v1;
- const Elf32_Phdr *h2 = v2;
- if (h1->p_vaddr > h2->p_vaddr)
- return 1;
- else if (h1->p_vaddr < h2->p_vaddr)
- return -1;
- else
- return 0;
- }
- static char *saveRead(int file, off_t offset, off_t len, char *name)
- {
- char *tmp;
- int count;
- off_t off;
- if ((off = lseek(file, offset, SEEK_SET)) < 0) {
- fprintf(stderr, "%s: fseek: %sn", name, strerror(errno));
- exit(1);
- }
- if (!(tmp = (char *) malloc(len))) {
- fprintf(stderr, "%s: Can't allocate %ld bytes.n", name,
- len);
- exit(1);
- }
- count = read(file, tmp, len);
- if (count != len) {
- fprintf(stderr, "%s: read: %s.n",
- name,
- count ? strerror(errno) : "End of file reached");
- exit(1);
- }
- return tmp;
- }
- #define swab16(x)
- ((unsigned short)(
- (((unsigned short)(x) & (unsigned short)0x00ffU) << 8) |
- (((unsigned short)(x) & (unsigned short)0xff00U) >> 8) ))
- #define swab32(x)
- ((unsigned int)(
- (((unsigned int)(x) & (unsigned int)0x000000ffUL) << 24) |
- (((unsigned int)(x) & (unsigned int)0x0000ff00UL) << 8) |
- (((unsigned int)(x) & (unsigned int)0x00ff0000UL) >> 8) |
- (((unsigned int)(x) & (unsigned int)0xff000000UL) >> 24) ))
- static void convert_elf_hdr(Elf32_Ehdr * e)
- {
- e->e_type = swab16(e->e_type);
- e->e_machine = swab16(e->e_machine);
- e->e_version = swab32(e->e_version);
- e->e_entry = swab32(e->e_entry);
- e->e_phoff = swab32(e->e_phoff);
- e->e_shoff = swab32(e->e_shoff);
- e->e_flags = swab32(e->e_flags);
- e->e_ehsize = swab16(e->e_ehsize);
- e->e_phentsize = swab16(e->e_phentsize);
- e->e_phnum = swab16(e->e_phnum);
- e->e_shentsize = swab16(e->e_shentsize);
- e->e_shnum = swab16(e->e_shnum);
- e->e_shstrndx = swab16(e->e_shstrndx);
- }
- static void convert_elf_phdrs(Elf32_Phdr * p, int num)
- {
- int i;
- for (i = 0; i < num; i++, p++) {
- p->p_type = swab32(p->p_type);
- p->p_offset = swab32(p->p_offset);
- p->p_vaddr = swab32(p->p_vaddr);
- p->p_paddr = swab32(p->p_paddr);
- p->p_filesz = swab32(p->p_filesz);
- p->p_memsz = swab32(p->p_memsz);
- p->p_flags = swab32(p->p_flags);
- p->p_align = swab32(p->p_align);
- }
- }
- static void convert_elf_shdrs(Elf32_Shdr * s, int num)
- {
- int i;
- for (i = 0; i < num; i++, s++) {
- s->sh_name = swab32(s->sh_name);
- s->sh_type = swab32(s->sh_type);
- s->sh_flags = swab32(s->sh_flags);
- s->sh_addr = swab32(s->sh_addr);
- s->sh_offset = swab32(s->sh_offset);
- s->sh_size = swab32(s->sh_size);
- s->sh_link = swab32(s->sh_link);
- s->sh_info = swab32(s->sh_info);
- s->sh_addralign = swab32(s->sh_addralign);
- s->sh_entsize = swab32(s->sh_entsize);
- }
- }
- static void convert_ecoff_filehdr(struct filehdr *f)
- {
- f->f_magic = swab16(f->f_magic);
- f->f_nscns = swab16(f->f_nscns);
- f->f_timdat = swab32(f->f_timdat);
- f->f_symptr = swab32(f->f_symptr);
- f->f_nsyms = swab32(f->f_nsyms);
- f->f_opthdr = swab16(f->f_opthdr);
- f->f_flags = swab16(f->f_flags);
- }
- static void convert_ecoff_aouthdr(struct aouthdr *a)
- {
- a->magic = swab16(a->magic);
- a->vstamp = swab16(a->vstamp);
- a->tsize = swab32(a->tsize);
- a->dsize = swab32(a->dsize);
- a->bsize = swab32(a->bsize);
- a->entry = swab32(a->entry);
- a->text_start = swab32(a->text_start);
- a->data_start = swab32(a->data_start);
- a->bss_start = swab32(a->bss_start);
- a->gprmask = swab32(a->gprmask);
- a->cprmask[0] = swab32(a->cprmask[0]);
- a->cprmask[1] = swab32(a->cprmask[1]);
- a->cprmask[2] = swab32(a->cprmask[2]);
- a->cprmask[3] = swab32(a->cprmask[3]);
- a->gp_value = swab32(a->gp_value);
- }
- static void convert_ecoff_esecs(struct scnhdr *s, int num)
- {
- int i;
- for (i = 0; i < num; i++, s++) {
- s->s_paddr = swab32(s->s_paddr);
- s->s_vaddr = swab32(s->s_vaddr);
- s->s_size = swab32(s->s_size);
- s->s_scnptr = swab32(s->s_scnptr);
- s->s_relptr = swab32(s->s_relptr);
- s->s_lnnoptr = swab32(s->s_lnnoptr);
- s->s_nreloc = swab16(s->s_nreloc);
- s->s_nlnno = swab16(s->s_nlnno);
- s->s_flags = swab32(s->s_flags);
- }
- }
- int main(int argc, char *argv[])
- {
- Elf32_Ehdr ex;
- Elf32_Phdr *ph;
- Elf32_Shdr *sh;
- char *shstrtab;
- int i, pad;
- struct sect text, data, bss;
- struct filehdr efh;
- struct aouthdr eah;
- struct scnhdr esecs[6];
- int infile, outfile;
- unsigned long cur_vma = ULONG_MAX;
- int addflag = 0;
- int nosecs;
- text.len = data.len = bss.len = 0;
- text.vaddr = data.vaddr = bss.vaddr = 0;
- /* Check args... */
- if (argc < 3 || argc > 4) {
- usage:
- fprintf(stderr,
- "usage: elf2aout <elf executable> <a.out executable> [-a]n");
- exit(1);
- }
- if (argc == 4) {
- if (strcmp(argv[3], "-a"))
- goto usage;
- addflag = 1;
- }
- /* Try the input file... */
- if ((infile = open(argv[1], O_RDONLY)) < 0) {
- fprintf(stderr, "Can't open %s for read: %sn",
- argv[1], strerror(errno));
- exit(1);
- }
- /* Read the header, which is at the beginning of the file... */
- i = read(infile, &ex, sizeof(ex));
- if (i != sizeof(ex)) {
- fprintf(stderr, "ex: %s: %s.n", argv[1],
- i ? strerror(errno) : "End of file reached");
- exit(1);
- }
- if (ex.e_ident[EI_DATA] == ELFDATA2MSB)
- format_bigendian = 1;
- if (ntohs(0xaa55) == 0xaa55) {
- if (!format_bigendian)
- must_convert_endian = 1;
- } else {
- if (format_bigendian)
- must_convert_endian = 1;
- }
- if (must_convert_endian)
- convert_elf_hdr(&ex);
- /* Read the program headers... */
- ph = (Elf32_Phdr *) saveRead(infile, ex.e_phoff,
- ex.e_phnum * sizeof(Elf32_Phdr), "ph");
- if (must_convert_endian)
- convert_elf_phdrs(ph, ex.e_phnum);
- /* Read the section headers... */
- sh = (Elf32_Shdr *) saveRead(infile, ex.e_shoff,
- ex.e_shnum * sizeof(Elf32_Shdr),
- "sh");
- if (must_convert_endian)
- convert_elf_shdrs(sh, ex.e_shnum);
- /* Read in the section string table. */
- shstrtab = saveRead(infile, sh[ex.e_shstrndx].sh_offset,
- sh[ex.e_shstrndx].sh_size, "shstrtab");
- /* Figure out if we can cram the program header into an ECOFF
- header... Basically, we can't handle anything but loadable
- segments, but we can ignore some kinds of segments. We can't
- handle holes in the address space. Segments may be out of order,
- so we sort them first. */
- qsort(ph, ex.e_phnum, sizeof(Elf32_Phdr), phcmp);
- for (i = 0; i < ex.e_phnum; i++) {
- /* Section types we can ignore... */
- if (ph[i].p_type == PT_NULL || ph[i].p_type == PT_NOTE ||
- ph[i].p_type == PT_PHDR
- || ph[i].p_type == PT_MIPS_REGINFO)
- continue;
- /* Section types we can't handle... */
- else if (ph[i].p_type != PT_LOAD) {
- fprintf(stderr,
- "Program header %d type %d can't be converted.n",
- ex.e_phnum, ph[i].p_type);
- exit(1);
- }
- /* Writable (data) segment? */
- if (ph[i].p_flags & PF_W) {
- struct sect ndata, nbss;
- ndata.vaddr = ph[i].p_vaddr;
- ndata.len = ph[i].p_filesz;
- nbss.vaddr = ph[i].p_vaddr + ph[i].p_filesz;
- nbss.len = ph[i].p_memsz - ph[i].p_filesz;
- combine(&data, &ndata, 0);
- combine(&bss, &nbss, 1);
- } else {
- struct sect ntxt;
- ntxt.vaddr = ph[i].p_vaddr;
- ntxt.len = ph[i].p_filesz;
- combine(&text, &ntxt, 0);
- }
- /* Remember the lowest segment start address. */
- if (ph[i].p_vaddr < cur_vma)
- cur_vma = ph[i].p_vaddr;
- }
- /* Sections must be in order to be converted... */
- if (text.vaddr > data.vaddr || data.vaddr > bss.vaddr ||
- text.vaddr + text.len > data.vaddr
- || data.vaddr + data.len > bss.vaddr) {
- fprintf(stderr,
- "Sections ordering prevents a.out conversion.n");
- exit(1);
- }
- /*
- * If there's a data section but no text section, then the loader
- * combined everything into one section. That needs to be the text
- * section, so just make the data section zero length following text.
- */
- if (data.len && !text.len) {
- text = data;
- data.vaddr = text.vaddr + text.len;
- data.len = 0;
- }
- /*
- * If there is a gap between text and data, we'll fill it when we copy
- * the data, so update the length of the text segment as represented in
- * a.out to reflect that, since a.out doesn't allow gaps in the program
- * address space.
- */
- if (text.vaddr + text.len < data.vaddr)
- text.len = data.vaddr - text.vaddr;
- /* We now have enough information to cons up an a.out header... */
- eah.magic = OMAGIC;
- eah.vstamp = 200;
- eah.tsize = text.len;
- eah.dsize = data.len;
- eah.bsize = bss.len;
- eah.entry = ex.e_entry;
- eah.text_start = text.vaddr;
- eah.data_start = data.vaddr;
- eah.bss_start = bss.vaddr;
- eah.gprmask = 0xf3fffffe;
- memset(&eah.cprmask, ' ', sizeof(eah.cprmask));
- eah.gp_value = 0; /* unused. */
- if (format_bigendian)
- efh.f_magic = MIPSEBMAGIC;
- else
- efh.f_magic = MIPSELMAGIC;
- if (addflag)
- nosecs = 6;
- else
- nosecs = 3;
- efh.f_nscns = nosecs;
- efh.f_timdat = 0; /* bogus */
- efh.f_symptr = 0;
- efh.f_nsyms = 0;
- efh.f_opthdr = sizeof(eah);
- efh.f_flags = 0x100f; /* Stripped, not sharable. */
- memset(esecs, 0, sizeof(esecs));
- strcpy(esecs[0].s_name, ".text");
- strcpy(esecs[1].s_name, ".data");
- strcpy(esecs[2].s_name, ".bss");
- if (addflag) {
- strcpy(esecs[3].s_name, ".rdata");
- strcpy(esecs[4].s_name, ".sdata");
- strcpy(esecs[5].s_name, ".sbss");
- }
- esecs[0].s_paddr = esecs[0].s_vaddr = eah.text_start;
- esecs[1].s_paddr = esecs[1].s_vaddr = eah.data_start;
- esecs[2].s_paddr = esecs[2].s_vaddr = eah.bss_start;
- if (addflag) {
- esecs[3].s_paddr = esecs[3].s_vaddr = 0;
- esecs[4].s_paddr = esecs[4].s_vaddr = 0;
- esecs[5].s_paddr = esecs[5].s_vaddr = 0;
- }
- esecs[0].s_size = eah.tsize;
- esecs[1].s_size = eah.dsize;
- esecs[2].s_size = eah.bsize;
- if (addflag) {
- esecs[3].s_size = 0;
- esecs[4].s_size = 0;
- esecs[5].s_size = 0;
- }
- esecs[0].s_scnptr = N_TXTOFF(efh, eah);
- esecs[1].s_scnptr = N_DATOFF(efh, eah);
- #define ECOFF_SEGMENT_ALIGNMENT(a) 0x10
- #define ECOFF_ROUND(s,a) (((s)+(a)-1)&~((a)-1))
- esecs[2].s_scnptr = esecs[1].s_scnptr +
- ECOFF_ROUND(esecs[1].s_size, ECOFF_SEGMENT_ALIGNMENT(&eah));
- if (addflag) {
- esecs[3].s_scnptr = 0;
- esecs[4].s_scnptr = 0;
- esecs[5].s_scnptr = 0;
- }
- esecs[0].s_relptr = esecs[1].s_relptr = esecs[2].s_relptr = 0;
- esecs[0].s_lnnoptr = esecs[1].s_lnnoptr = esecs[2].s_lnnoptr = 0;
- esecs[0].s_nreloc = esecs[1].s_nreloc = esecs[2].s_nreloc = 0;
- esecs[0].s_nlnno = esecs[1].s_nlnno = esecs[2].s_nlnno = 0;
- if (addflag) {
- esecs[3].s_relptr = esecs[4].s_relptr
- = esecs[5].s_relptr = 0;
- esecs[3].s_lnnoptr = esecs[4].s_lnnoptr
- = esecs[5].s_lnnoptr = 0;
- esecs[3].s_nreloc = esecs[4].s_nreloc = esecs[5].s_nreloc =
- 0;
- esecs[3].s_nlnno = esecs[4].s_nlnno = esecs[5].s_nlnno = 0;
- }
- esecs[0].s_flags = 0x20;
- esecs[1].s_flags = 0x40;
- esecs[2].s_flags = 0x82;
- if (addflag) {
- esecs[3].s_flags = 0x100;
- esecs[4].s_flags = 0x200;
- esecs[5].s_flags = 0x400;
- }
- /* Make the output file... */
- if ((outfile = open(argv[2], O_WRONLY | O_CREAT, 0777)) < 0) {
- fprintf(stderr, "Unable to create %s: %sn", argv[2],
- strerror(errno));
- exit(1);
- }
- if (must_convert_endian)
- convert_ecoff_filehdr(&efh);
- /* Write the headers... */
- i = write(outfile, &efh, sizeof(efh));
- if (i != sizeof efh) {
- perror("efh: write");
- exit(1);
- }
- for (i = 0; i < nosecs; i++) {
- printf("Section %d: %s phys %lx size %lx file offset %lxn",
- i, esecs[i].s_name, esecs[i].s_paddr,
- esecs[i].s_size, esecs[i].s_scnptr);
- }
- fprintf(stderr, "wrote %d byte file header.n", i);
- if (must_convert_endian)
- convert_ecoff_aouthdr(&eah);
- i = write(outfile, &eah, sizeof(eah));
- if (i != sizeof(eah)) {
- perror("eah: write");
- exit(1);
- }
- fprintf(stderr, "wrote %d byte a.out header.n", i);
- if (must_convert_endian)
- convert_ecoff_esecs(&esecs[0], nosecs);
- i = write(outfile, &esecs, nosecs * sizeof(struct scnhdr));
- if (i != nosecs * sizeof(struct scnhdr)) {
- perror("esecs: write");
- exit(1);
- }
- fprintf(stderr, "wrote %d bytes of section headers.n", i);
- pad = (sizeof(efh) + sizeof(eah) + nosecs * sizeof(struct scnhdr)) & 15;
- if (pad) {
- pad = 16 - pad;
- i = write(outfile, "