microcode.c
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- /*
- * Intel CPU Microcode Update driver for Linux
- *
- * Copyright (C) 2000 Tigran Aivazian
- *
- * This driver allows to upgrade microcode on Intel processors
- * belonging to IA-32 family - PentiumPro, Pentium II,
- * Pentium III, Xeon, Pentium 4, etc.
- *
- * Reference: Section 8.10 of Volume III, Intel Pentium 4 Manual,
- * Order Number 245472 or free download from:
- *
- * http://developer.intel.com/design/pentium4/manuals/245472.htm
- *
- * For more information, go to http://www.urbanmyth.org/microcode
- *
- * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
- * modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
- * as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version
- * 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
- *
- * 1.0 16 Feb 2000, Tigran Aivazian <tigran@sco.com>
- * Initial release.
- * 1.01 18 Feb 2000, Tigran Aivazian <tigran@sco.com>
- * Added read() support + cleanups.
- * 1.02 21 Feb 2000, Tigran Aivazian <tigran@sco.com>
- * Added 'device trimming' support. open(O_WRONLY) zeroes
- * and frees the saved copy of applied microcode.
- * 1.03 29 Feb 2000, Tigran Aivazian <tigran@sco.com>
- * Made to use devfs (/dev/cpu/microcode) + cleanups.
- * 1.04 06 Jun 2000, Simon Trimmer <simon@veritas.com>
- * Added misc device support (now uses both devfs and misc).
- * Added MICROCODE_IOCFREE ioctl to clear memory.
- * 1.05 09 Jun 2000, Simon Trimmer <simon@veritas.com>
- * Messages for error cases (non intel & no suitable microcode).
- * 1.06 03 Aug 2000, Tigran Aivazian <tigran@veritas.com>
- * Removed ->release(). Removed exclusive open and status bitmap.
- * Added microcode_rwsem to serialize read()/write()/ioctl().
- * Removed global kernel lock usage.
- * 1.07 07 Sep 2000, Tigran Aivazian <tigran@veritas.com>
- * Write 0 to 0x8B msr and then cpuid before reading revision,
- * so that it works even if there were no update done by the
- * BIOS. Otherwise, reading from 0x8B gives junk (which happened
- * to be 0 on my machine which is why it worked even when I
- * disabled update by the BIOS)
- * Thanks to Eric W. Biederman <ebiederman@lnxi.com> for the fix.
- * 1.08 11 Dec 2000, Richard Schaal <richard.schaal@intel.com> and
- * Tigran Aivazian <tigran@veritas.com>
- * Intel Pentium 4 processor support and bugfixes.
- * 1.09 30 Oct 2001, Tigran Aivazian <tigran@veritas.com>
- * Bugfix for HT (Hyper-Threading) enabled processors
- * whereby processor resources are shared by all logical processors
- * in a single CPU package.
- * 1.10 28 Feb 2002 Asit K Mallick <asit.k.mallick@intel.com> and
- * Tigran Aivazian <tigran@veritas.com>,
- * Serialize updates as required on HT processors due to speculative
- * nature of implementation.
- * 1.11 22 Mar 2001 Tigran Aivazian <tigran@veritas.com>
- * Fix the panic when writing zero-length microcode chunk.
- */
- #include <linux/init.h>
- #include <linux/sched.h>
- #include <linux/module.h>
- #include <linux/slab.h>
- #include <linux/vmalloc.h>
- #include <linux/miscdevice.h>
- #include <linux/devfs_fs_kernel.h>
- #include <linux/spinlock.h>
- #include <asm/msr.h>
- #include <asm/uaccess.h>
- #include <asm/processor.h>
- static spinlock_t microcode_update_lock = SPIN_LOCK_UNLOCKED;
- #define MICROCODE_VERSION "1.11"
- MODULE_DESCRIPTION("Intel CPU (IA-32) microcode update driver");
- MODULE_AUTHOR("Tigran Aivazian <tigran@veritas.com>");
- MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
- EXPORT_NO_SYMBOLS;
- #define MICRO_DEBUG 0
- #if MICRO_DEBUG
- #define printf(x...) printk(##x)
- #else
- #define printf(x...)
- #endif
- /* VFS interface */
- static int microcode_open(struct inode *, struct file *);
- static ssize_t microcode_read(struct file *, char *, size_t, loff_t *);
- static ssize_t microcode_write(struct file *, const char *, size_t, loff_t *);
- static int microcode_ioctl(struct inode *, struct file *, unsigned int, unsigned long);
- static int do_microcode_update(void);
- static void do_update_one(void *);
- /* read()/write()/ioctl() are serialized on this */
- static DECLARE_RWSEM(microcode_rwsem);
- static struct microcode *microcode; /* array of 2048byte microcode blocks */
- static unsigned int microcode_num; /* number of chunks in microcode */
- static char *mc_applied; /* array of applied microcode blocks */
- static unsigned int mc_fsize; /* file size of /dev/cpu/microcode */
- /* we share file_operations between misc and devfs mechanisms */
- static struct file_operations microcode_fops = {
- owner: THIS_MODULE,
- read: microcode_read,
- write: microcode_write,
- ioctl: microcode_ioctl,
- open: microcode_open,
- };
- static struct miscdevice microcode_dev = {
- minor: MICROCODE_MINOR,
- name: "microcode",
- fops: µcode_fops,
- };
- static devfs_handle_t devfs_handle;
- static int __init microcode_init(void)
- {
- int error;
- error = misc_register(µcode_dev);
- if (error)
- printk(KERN_WARNING
- "microcode: can't misc_register on minor=%dn",
- MICROCODE_MINOR);
- devfs_handle = devfs_register(NULL, "cpu/microcode",
- DEVFS_FL_DEFAULT, 0, 0, S_IFREG | S_IRUSR | S_IWUSR,
- µcode_fops, NULL);
- if (devfs_handle == NULL && error) {
- printk(KERN_ERR "microcode: failed to devfs_register()n");
- goto out;
- }
- error = 0;
- printk(KERN_INFO
- "IA-32 Microcode Update Driver: v%s <tigran@veritas.com>n",
- MICROCODE_VERSION);
- out:
- return error;
- }
- static void __exit microcode_exit(void)
- {
- misc_deregister(µcode_dev);
- devfs_unregister(devfs_handle);
- if (mc_applied)
- kfree(mc_applied);
- printk(KERN_INFO "IA-32 Microcode Update Driver v%s unregisteredn",
- MICROCODE_VERSION);
- }
- module_init(microcode_init)
- module_exit(microcode_exit)
- static int microcode_open(struct inode *unused1, struct file *unused2)
- {
- return capable(CAP_SYS_RAWIO) ? 0 : -EPERM;
- }
- /*
- * update_req[cpu].err is set to 1 if update failed on 'cpu', 0 otherwise
- * if err==0, microcode[update_req[cpu].slot] points to applied block of microcode
- */
- struct update_req {
- int err;
- int slot;
- } update_req[NR_CPUS];
- static int do_microcode_update(void)
- {
- int i, error = 0, err;
- struct microcode *m;
- if (smp_call_function(do_update_one, NULL, 1, 1) != 0) {
- printk(KERN_ERR "microcode: IPI timeout, giving upn");
- return -EIO;
- }
- do_update_one(NULL);
- for (i=0; i<smp_num_cpus; i++) {
- err = update_req[i].err;
- error += err;
- if (!err) {
- m = (struct microcode *)mc_applied + i;
- memcpy(m, µcode[update_req[i].slot], sizeof(struct microcode));
- }
- }
- return error;
- }
- static void do_update_one(void *unused)
- {
- int cpu_num = smp_processor_id();
- struct cpuinfo_x86 *c = cpu_data + cpu_num;
- struct update_req *req = update_req + cpu_num;
- unsigned int pf = 0, val[2], rev, sig;
- unsigned long flags;
- int i;
- req->err = 1; /* assume update will fail on this cpu */
- if (c->x86_vendor != X86_VENDOR_INTEL || c->x86 < 6 ||
- test_bit(X86_FEATURE_IA64, &c->x86_capability)){
- printk(KERN_ERR "microcode: CPU%d not a capable Intel processorn", cpu_num);
- return;
- }
- sig = c->x86_mask + (c->x86_model<<4) + (c->x86<<8);
- if ((c->x86_model >= 5) || (c->x86 > 6)) {
- /* get processor flags from MSR 0x17 */
- rdmsr(MSR_IA32_PLATFORM_ID, val[0], val[1]);
- pf = 1 << ((val[1] >> 18) & 7);
- }
- for (i=0; i<microcode_num; i++)
- if (microcode[i].sig == sig && microcode[i].pf == pf &&
- microcode[i].ldrver == 1 && microcode[i].hdrver == 1) {
- int sum = 0;
- struct microcode *m = µcode[i];
- unsigned int *sump = (unsigned int *)(m+1);
- printf("Microcoden");
- printf(" Header Revision %dn",microcode[i].hdrver);
- printf(" Date %x/%x/%xn",
- ((microcode[i].date >> 24 ) & 0xff),
- ((microcode[i].date >> 16 ) & 0xff),
- (microcode[i].date & 0xFFFF));
- printf(" Type %x Family %x Model %x Stepping %xn",
- ((microcode[i].sig >> 12) & 0x3),
- ((microcode[i].sig >> 8) & 0xf),
- ((microcode[i].sig >> 4) & 0xf),
- ((microcode[i].sig & 0xf)));
- printf(" Checksum %xn",microcode[i].cksum);
- printf(" Loader Revision %xn",microcode[i].ldrver);
- printf(" Processor Flags %xnn",microcode[i].pf);
- req->slot = i;
- /* serialize access to update decision */
- spin_lock_irqsave(µcode_update_lock, flags);
- /* trick, to work even if there was no prior update by the BIOS */
- wrmsr(MSR_IA32_UCODE_REV, 0, 0);
- __asm__ __volatile__ ("cpuid" : : : "ax", "bx", "cx", "dx");
- /* get current (on-cpu) revision into rev (ignore val[0]) */
- rdmsr(MSR_IA32_UCODE_REV, val[0], rev);
-
- if (microcode[i].rev < rev) {
- spin_unlock_irqrestore(µcode_update_lock, flags);
- printk(KERN_ERR
- "microcode: CPU%d not 'upgrading' to earlier revision"
- " %d (current=%d)n", cpu_num, microcode[i].rev, rev);
- return;
- } else if (microcode[i].rev == rev) {
- /* notify the caller of success on this cpu */
- req->err = 0;
- spin_unlock_irqrestore(µcode_update_lock, flags);
- printk(KERN_ERR
- "microcode: CPU%d already at revision"
- " %d (current=%d)n", cpu_num, microcode[i].rev, rev);
- return;
- }
- /* Verify the checksum */
- while (--sump >= (unsigned int *)m)
- sum += *sump;
- if (sum != 0) {
- req->err = 1;
- spin_unlock_irqrestore(µcode_update_lock, flags);
- printk(KERN_ERR "microcode: CPU%d aborting, "
- "bad checksumn", cpu_num);
- return;
- }
-
- /* write microcode via MSR 0x79 */
- wrmsr(MSR_IA32_UCODE_WRITE, (unsigned int)(m->bits), 0);
- /* serialize */
- __asm__ __volatile__ ("cpuid" : : : "ax", "bx", "cx", "dx");
- /* get the current revision from MSR 0x8B */
- rdmsr(MSR_IA32_UCODE_REV, val[0], val[1]);
- /* notify the caller of success on this cpu */
- req->err = 0;
- spin_unlock_irqrestore(µcode_update_lock, flags);
- printk(KERN_INFO "microcode: CPU%d updated from revision "
- "%d to %d, date=%08xn",
- cpu_num, rev, val[1], microcode[i].date);
- return;
- }
-
- printk(KERN_ERR
- "microcode: CPU%d no microcode found! (sig=%x, pflags=%d)n",
- cpu_num, sig, pf);
- }
- static ssize_t microcode_read(struct file *file, char *buf, size_t len, loff_t *ppos)
- {
- ssize_t ret = 0;
- down_read(µcode_rwsem);
- if (*ppos >= mc_fsize)
- goto out;
- if (*ppos + len > mc_fsize)
- len = mc_fsize - *ppos;
- ret = -EFAULT;
- if (copy_to_user(buf, mc_applied + *ppos, len))
- goto out;
- *ppos += len;
- ret = len;
- out:
- up_read(µcode_rwsem);
- return ret;
- }
- static ssize_t microcode_write(struct file *file, const char *buf, size_t len, loff_t *ppos)
- {
- ssize_t ret;
- if (!len || len % sizeof(struct microcode) != 0) {
- printk(KERN_ERR "microcode: can only write in N*%d bytes unitsn",
- sizeof(struct microcode));
- return -EINVAL;
- }
- if ((len >> PAGE_SHIFT) > num_physpages) {
- printk(KERN_ERR "microcode: too much data (max %ld pages)n", num_physpages);
- return -EINVAL;
- }
- down_write(µcode_rwsem);
- if (!mc_applied) {
- mc_applied = kmalloc(smp_num_cpus*sizeof(struct microcode),
- GFP_KERNEL);
- if (!mc_applied) {
- up_write(µcode_rwsem);
- printk(KERN_ERR "microcode: out of memory for saved microcoden");
- return -ENOMEM;
- }
- }
-
- microcode_num = len/sizeof(struct microcode);
- microcode = vmalloc(len);
- if (!microcode) {
- ret = -ENOMEM;
- goto out_unlock;
- }
- if (copy_from_user(microcode, buf, len)) {
- ret = -EFAULT;
- goto out_fsize;
- }
- if(do_microcode_update()) {
- ret = -EIO;
- goto out_fsize;
- } else {
- mc_fsize = smp_num_cpus * sizeof(struct microcode);
- ret = (ssize_t)len;
- }
- out_fsize:
- devfs_set_file_size(devfs_handle, mc_fsize);
- vfree(microcode);
- out_unlock:
- up_write(µcode_rwsem);
- return ret;
- }
- static int microcode_ioctl(struct inode *inode, struct file *file,
- unsigned int cmd, unsigned long arg)
- {
- switch(cmd) {
- case MICROCODE_IOCFREE:
- down_write(µcode_rwsem);
- if (mc_applied) {
- int bytes = smp_num_cpus * sizeof(struct microcode);
- devfs_set_file_size(devfs_handle, 0);
- kfree(mc_applied);
- mc_applied = NULL;
- printk(KERN_INFO "microcode: freed %d bytesn", bytes);
- mc_fsize = 0;
- up_write(µcode_rwsem);
- return 0;
- }
- up_write(µcode_rwsem);
- return -ENODATA;
- default:
- printk(KERN_ERR "microcode: unknown ioctl cmd=%dn", cmd);
- return -EINVAL;
- }
- return -EINVAL;
- }