time.c
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- /*
- * BK Id: %F% %I% %G% %U% %#%
- */
- /*
- * Common time routines among all ppc machines.
- *
- * Written by Cort Dougan (cort@cs.nmt.edu) to merge
- * Paul Mackerras' version and mine for PReP and Pmac.
- * MPC8xx/MBX changes by Dan Malek (dmalek@jlc.net).
- *
- * First round of bugfixes by Gabriel Paubert (paubert@iram.es)
- * to make clock more stable (2.4.0-test5). The only thing
- * that this code assumes is that the timebases have been synchronized
- * by firmware on SMP and are never stopped (never do sleep
- * on SMP then, nap and doze are OK).
- *
- * TODO (not necessarily in this file):
- * - improve precision and reproducibility of timebase frequency
- * measurement at boot time.
- * - get rid of xtime_lock for gettimeofday (generic kernel problem
- * to be implemented on all architectures for SMP scalability and
- * eventually implementing gettimeofday without entering the kernel).
- * - put all time/clock related variables in a single structure
- * to minimize number of cache lines touched by gettimeofday()
- * - for astronomical applications: add a new function to get
- * non ambiguous timestamps even around leap seconds. This needs
- * a new timestamp format and a good name.
- *
- *
- * The following comment is partially obsolete (at least the long wait
- * is no more a valid reason):
- * Since the MPC8xx has a programmable interrupt timer, I decided to
- * use that rather than the decrementer. Two reasons: 1.) the clock
- * frequency is low, causing 2.) a long wait in the timer interrupt
- * while ((d = get_dec()) == dval)
- * loop. The MPC8xx can be driven from a variety of input clocks,
- * so a number of assumptions have been made here because the kernel
- * parameter HZ is a constant. We assume (correctly, today :-) that
- * the MPC8xx on the MBX board is driven from a 32.768 kHz crystal.
- * This is then divided by 4, providing a 8192 Hz clock into the PIT.
- * Since it is not possible to get a nice 100 Hz clock out of this, without
- * creating a software PLL, I have set HZ to 128. -- Dan
- *
- * 1997-09-10 Updated NTP code according to technical memorandum Jan '96
- * "A Kernel Model for Precision Timekeeping" by Dave Mills
- */
- #include <linux/config.h>
- #include <linux/errno.h>
- #include <linux/sched.h>
- #include <linux/kernel.h>
- #include <linux/param.h>
- #include <linux/string.h>
- #include <linux/mm.h>
- #include <linux/module.h>
- #include <linux/interrupt.h>
- #include <linux/timex.h>
- #include <linux/kernel_stat.h>
- #include <linux/mc146818rtc.h>
- #include <linux/time.h>
- #include <linux/init.h>
- #include <asm/segment.h>
- #include <asm/io.h>
- #include <asm/processor.h>
- #include <asm/nvram.h>
- #include <asm/cache.h>
- #include <asm/8xx_immap.h>
- #include <asm/machdep.h>
- #include <asm/time.h>
- unsigned long disarm_decr[NR_CPUS];
- extern int do_sys_settimeofday(struct timeval *tv, struct timezone *tz);
- /* keep track of when we need to update the rtc */
- time_t last_rtc_update;
- extern rwlock_t xtime_lock;
- /* The decrementer counts down by 128 every 128ns on a 601. */
- #define DECREMENTER_COUNT_601 (1000000000 / HZ)
- unsigned tb_ticks_per_jiffy;
- unsigned tb_to_us;
- unsigned tb_last_stamp;
- extern unsigned long wall_jiffies;
- static long time_offset;
- spinlock_t rtc_lock = SPIN_LOCK_UNLOCKED;
- EXPORT_SYMBOL(rtc_lock);
- /* Timer interrupt helper function */
- static inline int tb_delta(unsigned *jiffy_stamp) {
- int delta;
- if (__USE_RTC()) {
- delta = get_rtcl();
- if (delta < *jiffy_stamp) *jiffy_stamp -= 1000000000;
- delta -= *jiffy_stamp;
- } else {
- delta = get_tbl() - *jiffy_stamp;
- }
- return delta;
- }
- extern unsigned long prof_cpu_mask;
- extern unsigned int * prof_buffer;
- extern unsigned long prof_len;
- extern unsigned long prof_shift;
- extern char _stext;
- static inline void ppc_do_profile (unsigned long nip)
- {
- if (!prof_buffer)
- return;
- /*
- * Only measure the CPUs specified by /proc/irq/prof_cpu_mask.
- * (default is all CPUs.)
- */
- if (!((1<<smp_processor_id()) & prof_cpu_mask))
- return;
- nip -= (unsigned long) &_stext;
- nip >>= prof_shift;
- /*
- * Don't ignore out-of-bounds EIP values silently,
- * put them into the last histogram slot, so if
- * present, they will show up as a sharp peak.
- */
- if (nip > prof_len-1)
- nip = prof_len-1;
- atomic_inc((atomic_t *)&prof_buffer[nip]);
- }
- /*
- * timer_interrupt - gets called when the decrementer overflows,
- * with interrupts disabled.
- * We set it up to overflow again in 1/HZ seconds.
- */
- int timer_interrupt(struct pt_regs * regs)
- {
- int next_dec;
- unsigned long cpu = smp_processor_id();
- unsigned jiffy_stamp = last_jiffy_stamp(cpu);
- extern void do_IRQ(struct pt_regs *);
- if (atomic_read(&ppc_n_lost_interrupts) != 0)
- do_IRQ(regs);
- hardirq_enter(cpu);
-
- while ((next_dec = tb_ticks_per_jiffy - tb_delta(&jiffy_stamp)) < 0) {
- jiffy_stamp += tb_ticks_per_jiffy;
- if (!user_mode(regs))
- ppc_do_profile(instruction_pointer(regs));
- if (unlikely(!heartbeat_count(cpu)--)
- && heartbeat_reset(cpu)) {
- ppc_md.heartbeat();
- heartbeat_count(cpu) = heartbeat_reset(cpu);
- }
- if (cpu)
- continue;
- /* We are in an interrupt, no need to save/restore flags */
- write_lock(&xtime_lock);
- tb_last_stamp = jiffy_stamp;
- do_timer(regs);
- /*
- * update the rtc when needed, this should be performed on the
- * right fraction of a second. Half or full second ?
- * Full second works on mk48t59 clocks, others need testing.
- * Note that this update is basically only used through
- * the adjtimex system calls. Setting the HW clock in
- * any other way is a /dev/rtc and userland business.
- * This is still wrong by -0.5/+1.5 jiffies because of the
- * timer interrupt resolution and possible delay, but here we
- * hit a quantization limit which can only be solved by higher
- * resolution timers and decoupling time management from timer
- * interrupts. This is also wrong on the clocks
- * which require being written at the half second boundary.
- * We should have an rtc call that only sets the minutes and
- * seconds like on Intel to avoid problems with non UTC clocks.
- */
- if ( (time_status & STA_UNSYNC) == 0 &&
- xtime.tv_sec - last_rtc_update >= 659 &&
- abs(xtime.tv_usec - (1000000-1000000/HZ)) < 500000/HZ &&
- jiffies - wall_jiffies == 1) {
- if (ppc_md.set_rtc_time(xtime.tv_sec+1 + time_offset) == 0)
- last_rtc_update = xtime.tv_sec+1;
- else
- /* Try again one minute later */
- last_rtc_update += 60;
- }
- write_unlock(&xtime_lock);
-
- }
- if (!disarm_decr[cpu])
- set_dec(next_dec);
- last_jiffy_stamp(cpu) = jiffy_stamp;
- #ifdef CONFIG_SMP
- smp_local_timer_interrupt(regs);
- #endif /* CONFIG_SMP */
- hardirq_exit(cpu);
- if (softirq_pending(cpu))
- do_softirq();
- return 1; /* lets ret_from_int know we can do checks */
- }
- /*
- * This version of gettimeofday has microsecond resolution.
- */
- void do_gettimeofday(struct timeval *tv)
- {
- unsigned long flags;
- unsigned delta, lost_ticks, usec, sec;
- read_lock_irqsave(&xtime_lock, flags);
- sec = xtime.tv_sec;
- usec = xtime.tv_usec;
- delta = tb_ticks_since(tb_last_stamp);
- #ifdef CONFIG_SMP
- /* As long as timebases are not in sync, gettimeofday can only
- * have jiffy resolution on SMP.
- */
- if (!smp_tb_synchronized)
- delta = 0;
- #endif /* CONFIG_SMP */
- lost_ticks = jiffies - wall_jiffies;
- read_unlock_irqrestore(&xtime_lock, flags);
- usec += mulhwu(tb_to_us, tb_ticks_per_jiffy * lost_ticks + delta);
- while (usec >= 1000000) {
- sec++;
- usec -= 1000000;
- }
- tv->tv_sec = sec;
- tv->tv_usec = usec;
- }
- void do_settimeofday(struct timeval *tv)
- {
- unsigned long flags;
- int tb_delta, new_usec, new_sec;
- write_lock_irqsave(&xtime_lock, flags);
- /* Updating the RTC is not the job of this code. If the time is
- * stepped under NTP, the RTC will be update after STA_UNSYNC
- * is cleared. Tool like clock/hwclock either copy the RTC
- * to the system time, in which case there is no point in writing
- * to the RTC again, or write to the RTC but then they don't call
- * settimeofday to perform this operation. Note also that
- * we don't touch the decrementer since:
- * a) it would lose timer interrupt synchronization on SMP
- * (if it is working one day)
- * b) it could make one jiffy spuriously shorter or longer
- * which would introduce another source of uncertainty potentially
- * harmful to relatively short timers.
- */
- /* This works perfectly on SMP only if the tb are in sync but
- * guarantees an error < 1 jiffy even if they are off by eons,
- * still reasonable when gettimeofday resolution is 1 jiffy.
- */
- tb_delta = tb_ticks_since(last_jiffy_stamp(smp_processor_id()));
- tb_delta += (jiffies - wall_jiffies) * tb_ticks_per_jiffy;
- new_sec = tv->tv_sec;
- new_usec = tv->tv_usec - mulhwu(tb_to_us, tb_delta);
- while (new_usec <0) {
- new_sec--;
- new_usec += 1000000;
- }
- xtime.tv_usec = new_usec;
- xtime.tv_sec = new_sec;
- /* In case of a large backwards jump in time with NTP, we want the
- * clock to be updated as soon as the PLL is again in lock.
- */
- last_rtc_update = new_sec - 658;
- time_adjust = 0; /* stop active adjtime() */
- time_status |= STA_UNSYNC;
- time_state = TIME_ERROR; /* p. 24, (a) */
- time_maxerror = NTP_PHASE_LIMIT;
- time_esterror = NTP_PHASE_LIMIT;
- write_unlock_irqrestore(&xtime_lock, flags);
- }
- void __init time_init(void)
- {
- time_t sec, old_sec;
- unsigned old_stamp, stamp, elapsed;
- /* This function is only called on the boot processor */
- unsigned long flags;
- if (ppc_md.time_init != NULL)
- time_offset = ppc_md.time_init();
- if (__USE_RTC()) {
- /* 601 processor: dec counts down by 128 every 128ns */
- tb_ticks_per_jiffy = DECREMENTER_COUNT_601;
- /* mulhwu_scale_factor(1000000000, 1000000) is 0x418937 */
- tb_to_us = 0x418937;
- } else {
- ppc_md.calibrate_decr();
- }
- /* Now that the decrementer is calibrated, it can be used in case the
- * clock is stuck, but the fact that we have to handle the 601
- * makes things more complex. Repeatedly read the RTC until the
- * next second boundary to try to achieve some precision...
- */
- if (ppc_md.get_rtc_time) {
- stamp = get_native_tbl();
- sec = ppc_md.get_rtc_time();
- elapsed = 0;
- do {
- old_stamp = stamp;
- old_sec = sec;
- stamp = get_native_tbl();
- if (__USE_RTC() && stamp < old_stamp) old_stamp -= 1000000000;
- elapsed += stamp - old_stamp;
- sec = ppc_md.get_rtc_time();
- } while ( sec == old_sec && elapsed < 2*HZ*tb_ticks_per_jiffy);
- if (sec==old_sec) {
- printk("Warning: real time clock seems stuck!n");
- }
- write_lock_irqsave(&xtime_lock, flags);
- xtime.tv_sec = sec;
- last_jiffy_stamp(0) = tb_last_stamp = stamp;
- xtime.tv_usec = 0;
- /* No update now, we just read the time from the RTC ! */
- last_rtc_update = xtime.tv_sec;
- write_unlock_irqrestore(&xtime_lock, flags);
- }
- /* Not exact, but the timer interrupt takes care of this */
- set_dec(tb_ticks_per_jiffy);
- /* If platform provided a timezone (pmac), we correct the time
- * using do_sys_settimeofday() which in turn calls warp_clock()
- */
- if (time_offset) {
- struct timezone tz;
- tz.tz_minuteswest = -time_offset / 60;
- tz.tz_dsttime = 0;
- do_sys_settimeofday(NULL, &tz);
- }
- }
- #define FEBRUARY 2
- #define STARTOFTIME 1970
- #define SECDAY 86400L
- #define SECYR (SECDAY * 365)
- #define leapyear(y) ((!(y % 4) && (y % 100)) || !(y % 400))
- #define days_in_year(a) (leapyear(a) ? 366 : 365)
- #define days_in_month(a) (month_days[(a) - 1])
- static int month_days[12] = {
- 31, 28, 31, 30, 31, 30, 31, 31, 30, 31, 30, 31
- };
- void to_tm(int tim, struct rtc_time * tm)
- {
- register int i;
- register long hms, day, gday;
- gday = day = tim / SECDAY;
- hms = tim % SECDAY;
- /* Hours, minutes, seconds are easy */
- tm->tm_hour = hms / 3600;
- tm->tm_min = (hms % 3600) / 60;
- tm->tm_sec = (hms % 3600) % 60;
- /* Number of years in days */
- for (i = STARTOFTIME; day >= days_in_year(i); i++)
- day -= days_in_year(i);
- tm->tm_year = i;
- /* Number of months in days left */
- if (leapyear(tm->tm_year))
- days_in_month(FEBRUARY) = 29;
- for (i = 1; day >= days_in_month(i); i++)
- day -= days_in_month(i);
- days_in_month(FEBRUARY) = 28;
- tm->tm_mon = i;
- /* Days are what is left over (+1) from all that. */
- tm->tm_mday = day + 1;
- /*
- * Determine the day of week. Jan. 1, 1970 was a Thursday.
- */
- tm->tm_wday = (gday + 4) % 7;
- }
- /* Auxiliary function to compute scaling factors */
- /* Actually the choice of a timebase running at 1/4 the of the bus
- * frequency giving resolution of a few tens of nanoseconds is quite nice.
- * It makes this computation very precise (27-28 bits typically) which
- * is optimistic considering the stability of most processor clock
- * oscillators and the precision with which the timebase frequency
- * is measured but does not harm.
- */
- unsigned mulhwu_scale_factor(unsigned inscale, unsigned outscale) {
- unsigned mlt=0, tmp, err;
- /* No concern for performance, it's done once: use a stupid
- * but safe and compact method to find the multiplier.
- */
- for (tmp = 1U<<31; tmp != 0; tmp >>= 1) {
- if (mulhwu(inscale, mlt|tmp) < outscale) mlt|=tmp;
- }
- /* We might still be off by 1 for the best approximation.
- * A side effect of this is that if outscale is too large
- * the returned value will be zero.
- * Many corner cases have been checked and seem to work,
- * some might have been forgotten in the test however.
- */
- err = inscale*(mlt+1);
- if (err <= inscale/2) mlt++;
- return mlt;
- }