FAQ
上传用户:shbosideng
上传日期:2013-05-04
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- FAQ for mrtg-dynip version 0.41b
- 0. What are the problems that gave rise to mrtg-dynip?
- 0.1 What is dynamic IP
- 0.2 What is static or fixed IP
- 0.3 What is SNMP and what information can it provide?
- 0.4 What is MRTG?
- 0.5 Can the configuration file MRTG runs on remain unchanged?
- 1. What does mrtg-dynip do?
- 1.1 Can mrtg-dynip act as a front end to MRTG?
- 1.2 Can mrtg-dynip monitor modem banks?
- 2. What do I need to run mrtg-dynip and where can I get it?
- 3. What platforms does mrtg-dynip run on?
- 4. Are there special considerations to running mrtg-dynip?
- 4.1 How do I make mrtg-dynip executable?
- 4.2 How can I ensure mrtg-dynip can write to directories and files
- 5. How do I prevent errors and interpret error messages?
- 5.0 What problems external to mrtg-dynip affect it?
- 5.0.1 Why am I getting losts of weird email from cron?
- 5.0.2 Why does the mrtg-dynip log have weird messages from snmp
- modules?
- 5.1 Why doesn't my email address and web page link show?
- 5.2 I have configured everything, yet my index page does not update
- 5.3 Your crontab example looks really odd, please explain.
- 6. Why do the in and out graphs closely follow each other in my modem bank
- graphs?
- 7. I cannot find a solution to my problem in the docmentation and web
- sites. What support exists and is there a mailing list?
- 0. What are the problems that gave rise to mrtg-dynip?
- The initial problem that gave rise to the creation of mrtg-dynip is that
- MRTG relies on snmp target numbers having a fixed association with file
- names representing physical interfaces. In environments where the snmp
- target number of a physical interface can vary, such as in a PPP dial in
- environment, it is necessary to ensure that file names associated with real
- physical interfaces are associated with the current snmp target number for
- the device. This is what mrtg-dynip does.
- 0.1 What is dynamic IP
- To someone dialling in, dynamic IP means when they dial a rotary
- number they do not get a consistent IP address. To the service provider it
- means a unique IP number is assinged to each telephone line/modem/port.
- 0.2 What is static or fixed IP
- To someone dialling in, static or fixed IP means that their user name is
- approved to use a unique IP address, whether they dial into a rotary for a
- modem bank or into a non rotary number. To the service provider, it means
- if someone is dialling into a rotary for a modem pool, they allow the modem
- port use a unique approved IP number for that user, that overrides the IP
- address used when a dial in user does not request a fixed or static IP.
- 0.3 What is SNMP and what information can it provide?
- SNMP stands for Simple Network Management Protocol. Like much relating to
- the Internet, it is described by a set of Internet Engineering Task Force
- documents known as RFCs (Requests for Comments). SNMP is a means by which
- network linked devices can have a wide variety of device status information
- reported from them, and have action performed on them, according to known
- protocols.
- 0.4 What is MRTG?
- MRTG stands for 'Multi Router Traffic Grapher'. Among much else, it provides
- a means for graphing traffic quantity information through various
- interfaces, typically routers, in web acessible means, using information
- reurned from SNMP requests.
- 0.5 Can the configuration file MRTG runs on remain unchanged?
- Not in environmants that the SNMP target number varies for physical
- interface devices you are interested in gathering information on.
- 1. What does mrtg-dynip do?
- #Mrtg-dynip is a contribution to mrtg, enabling mrtg to generate multi
- #interface traffic graphs for IP interfaces on hosts that do not provide
- #consistent SNMP target numbers for their interfaces. Such IP interfaces
- #include IP active serial interfaces attached to modems in a PPP dial in
- #environment. The hosts must run snmp agents. For completeness, information
- #about interface devices with unvarying SNMP target numbers, such as
- #ethernet cards, can be configured to be included.
- #Mrtg-dynip's configuration is simplest where static (or fixed) IP is not
- #used for dial into a rotary modem pool.
- #Mrtg-dynip can be considred to have sophisticated modem bank monitoring
- #capacity, when the modems carry PPP or SLIP traffic.
- #Regenerates a named 'mrtg.cfg' file to ensure snmp data remains with a
- #consistent IP number, or overridable IP number of a real physical device
- #in a dial in IP environment, rather than with an interface name which
- #can get assinged to different real physical devices, and runs mrtg on
- #the generated file.
- #Generates a web index file of stats web pages.
- #Please see the section 6 of this FAQ for this version for information on
- #for differences in interpreting graphs between some devices
- 1.1 Can mrtg-dynip act as a front end to MRTG for traffic graphing?
- In a sense yes for interface or router traffic, but this is not ADVISABLE or
- necessarily efficient, see above. Future versions may make mrtg-dynip more
- suitable as a front end to MRTG for some purposes, see the TODO file.
- 2. What do I need to run mrtg-dynip?
- You need the contribution to MRTG called mrtg-dynip. Latest version
- available from http://www.heenan.ironbark.id.au/mrtg-dynip.
- MRTG needs to be successfully installed. MRTG can be obtained from
- http://www.ee.ethz.ch/~oetiker/webtools/mrtg/mrtg.html. MRTG itself needs
- the GD graphics library, see the MRTG package for details.
- 3. What platforms does mrtg-dynip run on?
- mrtg-dynip should run on all platforms MRTG runs on, including Windows NT.
- Mrtg-dynip's comments are oriented towards running on UNIX style systems.
- such as Linux. There are some comments on configuring directoy names for
- Windows NT. Issues involved in differences between running Perl scripts on
- UNIX systems and NT systems should be known to you, if you run run MRTG on
- an NT machine.
- 4. Are there special considerations to running mrtg-dynip?
- Not really. You must of course ensure mrtg-dynip is executable and can
- write to directories and files it needs to when executed.
- 4.1 How do I make mrtg-dynip executable?
- In UNIX the command
- chmod 744 mrtg-dynip
- will make the file executable to the owner of the file
- 4.2 How can I ensure mrtg-dynip can write to directories and files
- You need to ensure directories (and files if they exist already) have
- appropriate write permissions. This is beyond the scope of this FAQ.
- Basically if you have mrtg working, you will be able to get mrtg-dynip
- working.
- 5. How do I prevent errors and interpret error messages?
- Please see section 4 above. Set up log file generation as indicated in the
- install file. With regard to starup error messages from rateup, see MRTG.
- Confirm SNMP agents are running correctly. After a reboot I have found it
- sometimes necesary to stop and restart the snmp daemon. Changing order
- around in startup file may have fixed this problem. I have found running
- mrtg-dynip manually outside its crond schedule may alter graph data,
- starting anew on some.
- 5.0 What problems external to mrtg-dynip have been experienced?
- Such is the burden of the system adminstrator to be the victim of cryptic
- error messages
-
- 5.0.1 Why am I getting losts of weird email from cron?
- Check you only have one crond running. If more than one is running then
- expect weird mesages and data loss.
- 5.0.2 Why does the mrtg-dynip log have weird messages from snmp modules?
- If you think your configuration is correct, try killing your snmp daemon,
- restarting it and wait to see if the messages come up again before worrying
- about the messages.
- 5.2 Why doesn't my email address and web page link show?
- Did you remove the comment symbol '#' in the configuration file?
- 5.3 I have configured everything, yet my index page does not update
- The default option is to die if there are any response problems. Try
- changing the $suicidal option. Examine the log file.
- 5.4 Your crontab example looks really odd, please explain.
- First the script gets mrtg to run on the regenerated 'mrtg-dynip.cfg' file.
- The crontab entry is designed to send any error mwessages from standard
- output and error to a log file with a date and time indicator. If you don't
- do this you may end up perplexing/annoying/frightening those on the root
- email distribution list (who are automatically emailed unredirected standard
- output and error from cron jobs), if you run the script as user root. The
- error messages can be confusing to those inexperienced with mrtg and snmp,
- and can be lengthy and frequent!
- 6. Why do the in and out graphs closely follow each other in my modem bank
- graphs?
- This has to do with the way information is reported by by the snmp agent for
- the interface devices. On mainstream ISDN router devices, 'in' appears to
- indicate incoming packets on one side and 'out' appears to be outgoing
- packets on the same side.
- For some interfaces, 'in' appears to indicate incoming packets to both sides
- and 'out' appears to mean the forwarded packet out of the interface from
- either sides.
- It appears as snmp counts both sides of an interface for counting on some
- devices but one side for other devices. This problem needs to be sorted
- out.
- 7. I cannot find a solution to my problem in the docmentation and web
- sites. What support exists and is there a mailing list?
- This depends on the problem. For problems to do with mrtg there is an
- active mailing list and extensive archive. For problems specific to
- mrtg-dynip please send an email to me at john@heenan.ironbark.id.au.
- I will set up a mailing list if necessasry.