mrtg-nt-guide.txt
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- MRTG-NT-GUIDE(1) mrtg MRTG-NT-GUIDE(1)
- NNAAMMEE
- mrtg-nt-guide - The Windows Guide to MRTG 2.13.2
- SSYYNNOOPPSSIISS
- Installing MRTG on a Windows box is not quite as "click
- and point" as some might want it to be. But then again, it
- is not all that difficult if you follow the instructions
- below.
- PPRREERREEQQUUIISSIITTEESS
- To get MRTG to work on Windows you need the following:
- +o A current copy of Perl. For Example ActivePerl from
- http://www.activestate.com/Products/Download/Down-
- load.plex?id=ActivePerl
- +o The latest version of MRTG from http://peo-
- ple.ee.ethz.ch/~oetiker/webtools/mrtg/pub Look for
- mrtg-2.13.2.zip or better. The archive also contains a
- precompiled copy of rateup.exe for Win32.
- IINNSSTTAALLLLIINNGG
- I suggest you do the following from the machine that will
- be running MRTG, which, in this case, is also a web
- server. All examples are for doing things to a LOCAL
- machine.
- First
- Unzip MRTG to C:mrtg-2.13.2 on the Windows machine of
- your choice.
- Next
- Install Perl on the same Windows machine. You might
- want to make sure that the Perl binary directory is
- listed in your system path.
- C:Perlbin;%SystemRoot%system32;%SystemRoot%;...
- You can manually check this by going to [Control
- Panel]->[System]->[Environment]
- To see if everything is installed properly you can open a
- Command Shell and go into _c_:__m_r_t_g_-_2_._1_3_._2__b_i_n. Type:
- perl mrtg
- This should give you a friendly error message complaining
- about the missing MRTG configuration file. Now, you have
- successfully installed MRTG and Perl.
- CCOONNFFIIGGUURRIINNGG MMRRTTGG
- Now it is time to create a configuration for MRTG. But
- before we begin you need to know a few things. Take an
- opportunity to gather the following information:
- +o The IP address or hostname and the SNMP port number,
- (if non standard), of the device you want to monitor.
- +o If you want to monitor something other than bytes in
- and out, you must also know the SNMPOID of what you
- want to monitor.
- +o Finally you need to know the read-only SNMP community
- string for your device. If you don't know it, try ppuubb--
- lliicc, that is the default.
- For the rest of this document we will be using device
- 1100..1100..1100..11 ( a CISCO Catalyst 5000) with Community string
- ppuubblliicc. We are interested in monitoring traffic, and the
- CPU load. Let's begin.
- The first thing we do in setting up MRTG is making a
- default config file. Get to a cmd prompt and change to
- the _c_:__m_r_t_g_-_2_._1_3_._2__b_i_n directory. Type the following com-
- mand:
- perl cfgmaker public@10.10.10.1 --global "WorkDir: c:wwwmrtg" --output mrtg.cfg
- This creates an initial MRTG config file for you. Note
- that in this file all interfaces of your router will be
- stored by number. Unfortunately, these numbers are likely
- to change whenever you reconfigure your router. In order
- to work around this you can get _c_f_g_m_a_k_e_r to produce a con-
- figuration which is based on Ip numbers, or even Interface
- Descriptions. Check cfgmaker
- If you get an error message complaining about nnoo ssuucchh nnaammee
- or nnoo rreessppoonnssee, your community name is probably wrong.
- Now, let's take a look at the mrtg.cfg file that was cre-
- ated.
- In Perl, a "#" is a comment, synonymous with "REM" in DOS.
- Add the following to the top of the mrtg.cfg file:
- WorkDir: D:InetPubwwwrootMRTG
- This is where the web pages are created, usually a web
- root.
- ######################################################################
- # Description: LCP SUWGB
- # Contact: Administrator
- # System Name: LC-Bridge
- # Location: Here
- #.....................................................................
- TargetDevice's IP Address:Interface Number:Community:IP
- Address
- Target[10.10.10.1.1]: 1:public@10.10.10.1
- This is the interface speed (Default is 10 megabits; for
- 100Mbit devices use 12500000 and so on...)
- MaxBytes[10.10.10.1.1]: 1250000
- Title[10.10.10.1.1]: LC-Bridge (sample.device): ether0
- This section determines how the web page headers will look
- PageTop[10.10.10.1.1]: <H1>Traffic Analysis for ether0</H1>
- <TABLE>
- <TR><TD>System:</TD><TD>LC-Bridge inAndover</TD></TR>
- <TR><TD>Maintainer:</TD><TD>Administrator</TD></TR>
- <TR><TD>Interface:</TD><TD>ether0(1)</TD></TR>
- <TR><TD>IP:</TD><TD>sample.device(10.10.10.1)</TD></TR>
- <TR><TD>Max Speed:</TD>
- <TD>1250.0 kBytes/s (ethernetCsmacd)</TD></TR>
- </TABLE>
- Target[10.10.10.1.2]: 2:public@10.10.10.1
- MaxBytes[10.10.10.1.2]: 1250000
- Title[10.10.10.1.2]: LC-Bridge (): ulink0
- PageTop[10.10.10.1.2]: <H1>Traffic Analysis for ulink0</H1>
- <TABLE>
- <TR><TD>System:</TD><TD>LC-Bridge inAndover</TD></TR>
- <TR><TD>Maintainer:</TD><TD>Administrator</TD></TR>
- <TR><TD>Interface:</TD><TD>ulink0(2)</TD></TR>
- <TR><TD>IP:</TD><TD>()</TD></TR>
- <TR><TD>Max Speed:</TD>
- <TD>1250.0 kBytes/s (ethernetCsmacd)</TD></TR>
- </TABLE>
- #---------------------------------------------------------------
- And that's a very basic MRTG config file. You can run this
- and see your results by going into the _c_:__m_r_t_g_-_2_._1_3_._2__b_i_n
- directory and typing:
- perl mrtg mrtg.cfg
- It is normal to get errors for the first two times you run
- this command. The errors will alert you about the fact
- that there have not been any log files in existence
- before.
- If you take a look at those web pages they are not very
- exciting (yet). You need to have the MRTG files run every
- five minutes to produce the desired results. Just run it
- again after a few minutes. You should now be able to see
- the first lines in your graphs.
- MMAAKKEE MMRRTTGG RRUUNN AALLLL TTHHEE TTIIMMEE
- Starting MRTG by hand every time you want to run it is not
- going to make you happy I guess.
- There is a special option you can set in the MRTG configu-
- ration file so so that MRTG will not terminate after it
- was started. Instead it will wait for 5 minutes and then
- run again.
- Add the option
- RunAsDaemon: yes
- to your mrtg.cfg file and start it with:
- start /Dc:mrtg-2.13.2bin wperl mrtg --logging=eventlog mrtg.cfg
- If you use wwppeerrll instead of ppeerrll, no console window will
- show. MRTG is now running in the background. If it runs
- into problems it will tell you so over the EventLog. To
- stop MRTG, open the Task Manager and terminate the
- wwppeerrll..eexxee process. If mrtg has anything to tell you these
- messages can be found in the event log.
- If you put a shortcut with
- Target: wperl mrtg --logging=eventlog mrtg.cfg
- Start in: c:mrtg-2.13.2bin
- into your start-up folder, MRTG will now start whenever
- you login to your NT box.
- If you do not want to log into your box just to start
- MRTG. Have a look at http://www.firedae-
- mon.com/mrtg-howto.html which describes a free tool to
- start any program as a Service. The pages gives specific
- instructions for MRTG users.
- HHOOWW TTOO SSEETTUUPP MMRRTTGG AASS AA WWIINNDDOOWWSS SSEERRVVIICCEE
- AAddddiittiioonnaall PPrreerreeqquuiissiitteess
- +o MRTG must be installed and fully configured on the
- target system. In the following exercise the assump-
- tion is that MRTG is installed under c:mrtg and all
- the sample files use this location.
- +o Microsoft Tools SSRRVVAANNYY..eexxee (Applications as Services
- Utility) and IINNSSTTSSRRVV..eexxee (Service Installer) - Those
- files can be downloaded from Microsoft as a part of
- Windows 2000 Resource Kit at
- <http://www.microsoft.com/windows2000/tech-
- info/reskit/tools/default.asp>. They are also avail-
- able from other locations such as <http://www.electra-
- soft.com/srvany/srvany.htm>,
- <http://www.iopus.com/guides/srvany.htm>, etc.
- Detailed instructions on how to use this package are
- available at <http://sup-
- port.microsoft.com/kb/q137890/>. In order to follow
- the steps in this HOW-TO you MMUUSSTT obtain both executa-
- bles.
- +o You must have administrative rights on the target sys-
- tem.
- PPrreeppaarraattiioonn
- Please complete the following steps before starting the
- installation:
- +o Copy ssrrvvaannyy..eexxee and iinnssttssrrvv..eexxee to c:mrtgbin (your
- MRTG bin directory).
- +o Create a file called mmrrttgg..rreegg anywhere on your system
- and paste the following content into it:
- Windows Registry Editor Version 5.00
- [HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINESYSTEMCurrentControlSetServicesMRTGParameters]
- "Application"="c:\perl\bin\wperl.exe"
- "AppParameters"="c:\mrtg\bin\mrtg --logging=eventlog c:\mrtg\bin\mrtg.cfg"
- "AppDirectory"="c:\mrtg\bin\"
- SSeerrvviiccee IInnssttaallllaattiioonn
- Once again, assuming that MRTG is already fully installed
- and configured on the target system under c:mrtg the
- following steps are necessary to setup MRTG as a service.
- Using the command prompt go into the temporary directory
- where you unzipped the package. When there type the fol-
- lowing command to create a service named "MRTG" in the
- Windows Services management console:
- instsrv MRTG c:mrtgbinsrvany.exe
- Now you need to create the AApppp** entries required for the
- new service. You can do this by either right-clicking on
- the mrtg.reg file and selecting 'merge' or by running the
- following command:
- regedit /s mrtg.reg
- After setting up the registry entry it is time to point it
- to your MRTG installation. If you have installed MRTG
- under _c_:__m_r_t_g_, you can skip this step. Open your reg-
- istry editor (Start -> Run -> regedt32), and locate the
- [[HHKKEEYY__LLOOCCAALL__MMAACCHHIINNEESSYYSSTTEEMMCCuurrrreennttCCoonnttrroollSSeettSSeerr--
- vviicceessMMRRTTGG]] key. Make sure that the IImmaaggeePPaatthh variable is
- correctly pointing to ssrrvvaannyy..eexxee located in your MRTG bin
- directory (for example c:mrtgbinsrvany.exe). Next you
- have to expand the MRTG tree, and go to the
- [[HHKKEEYY__LLOOCCAALL__MMAACCHHIINNEESSYYSSTTEEMMCCuurrrreennttCCoonnttrroollSSeettSSeerr--
- vviicceessMMRRTTGGPPaarraammeetteerrss]] key. Under Parameters make sure
- that all the AApppplliiccaattiioonn variables are setup properly.
- At this point you are ready to run the service. The only
- thing left to do is to start the MRTG service in the Ser-
- vices management console. After you do this, you should
- see two new processes running on your system: srvany.exe
- and wperl.exe. Make sure to stop any previously running
- MRTG processes to avoid conflict.
- Note that it is imperative to set the RRuunnAAssDDaaeemmoonn:: yyeess
- option or the service will stop after just one single run!
- EEXXAAMMPPLLEE
- Now lets look at a config file to monitor what we wanted
- to on our mythical Cisco Cat 5000 -- utilization on ports
- 3, 5, 10, and 24, and the CPU Load, which will show us
- nonstandard mrtg configurations as well as more options..
- WorkDir: D:InetPubwwwrootMRTG
- RunAsDaemon: yes
- ######################################################################
- # Description: LCP SUWGB
- # Contact: Administrator
- # System Name: LC-Bridge
- # Location: Here
- #.....................................................................
- Target[10.10.10.1.1]: 3:public@10.10.10.1
- MaxBytes[10.10.10.1.1]: 1250000
- Title[10.10.10.1.1]: LC-Bridge (sample-device): ether0
- PageTop[10.10.10.1.1]: <H1>Traffic Analysis for ether0</H1>
- <TABLE>
- <TR><TD>System:</TD><TD>LC-Bridge inAndover</TD></TR>
- <TR><TD>Maintainer:</TD><TD>Administrator</TD></TR>
- <TR><TD>Interface:</TD><TD>ether0(3)</TD></TR>
- <TR><TD>IP:</TD><TD>sample-device(10.10.10.1)</TD></TR>
- <TR><TD>Max Speed:</TD>
- <TD>1250.0 kBytes/s (ethernetCsmacd)</TD></TR>
- </TABLE>
- #---------------------------------------------------------------
- Target[10.10.10.1.2]: 5:public@10.10.10.1
- MaxBytes[10.10.10.1.2]: 1250000
- Title[10.10.10.1.2]: LC-Bridge (): ulink0
- PageTop[10.10.10.1.2]: <H1>Traffic Analysis for ulink0</H1>
- <TABLE>
- <TR><TD>System:</TD><TD>LC-Bridge inAndover</TD></TR>
- <TR><TD>Maintainer:</TD><TD>Administrator</TD></TR>
- <TR><TD>Interface:</TD><TD>ulink0(5)</TD></TR>
- <TR><TD>IP:</TD><TD>()</TD></TR>
- <TR><TD>Max Speed:</TD>
- <TD>1250.0 kBytes/s (ethernetCsmacd)</TD></TR>
- </TABLE>
- #---------------------------------------------------------------
- Target[10.10.10.1.1]: 10:public@10.10.10.1
- MaxBytes[10.10.10.1.1]: 1250000
- Title[10.10.10.1.1]: LC-Bridge (sample-device): ether0
- PageTop[10.10.10.1.1]: <H1>Traffic Analysis for ether0</H1>
- <TABLE>
- <TR><TD>System:</TD><TD>LC-Bridge inAndover</TD></TR>
- <TR><TD>Maintainer:</TD><TD>Administrator</TD></TR>
- <TR><TD>Interface:</TD><TD>ether0(10)</TD></TR>
- <TR><TD>IP:</TD><TD>sample-device(10.10.10.1)</TD></TR>
- <TR><TD>Max Speed:</TD>
- <TD>1250.0 kBytes/s (ethernetCsmacd)</TD></TR>
- </TABLE>
- #---------------------------------------------------------------
- Target[10.10.10.1.2]: 24:public@10.10.10.1
- MaxBytes[10.10.10.1.2]: 1250000
- Title[10.10.10.1.2]: LC-Bridge (): ulink0
- PageTop[10.10.10.1.2]: <H1>Traffic Analysis for ulink0</H1>
- <TABLE>
- <TR><TD>System:</TD><TD>LC-Bridge inAndover</TD></TR>
- <TR><TD>Maintainer:</TD><TD>Administrator</TD></TR>
- <TR><TD>Interface:</TD><TD>ulink0(24)</TD></TR>
- <TR><TD>IP:</TD><TD>()</TD></TR>
- <TR><TD>Max Speed:</TD>
- <TD>1250.0 kBytes/s (ethernetCsmacd)</TD></TR>
- </TABLE>
- #---------------------------------------------------------------
- # Router CPU load %
- Target[cpu.1]:1.3.6.1.4.1.9.2.1.58.0&1.3.6.1.4.1.9.2.1.58.0:public@10.10.10.1
- RouterUptime[cpu.1]: public@10.10.10.1
- MaxBytes[cpu.1]: 100
- Title[cpu.1]: CPU LOAD
- PageTop[cpu.1]: <H1>CPU Load %</H1>
- Unscaled[cpu.1]: ymwd
- ShortLegend[cpu.1]: %
- XSize[cpu.1]: 380
- YSize[cpu.1]: 100
- YLegend[cpu.1]: CPU Utilization
- Legend1[cpu.1]: CPU Utilization in % (Load)
- Legend2[cpu.1]: CPU Utilization in % (Load)
- Legend3[cpu.1]:
- Legend4[cpu.1]:
- LegendI[cpu.1]:
- LegendO[cpu.1]: Usage
- Options[cpu.1]: gauge
- This is a nice example of how to monitor any SNMP device
- if you know what OID you want to use. Once again, for an
- explanation of the more advance features of mrtg, please
- see the rest of the documentation.
- AAUUTTHHOORRSS
- Tobi Oetiker <oetiker@ee.ethz.ch>, David S. Divins <ddi-
- vins@moon.jic.com>, Steve Pierce <MRTG@HDL.com>, Artyom
- Adjemov <one.bofh@gmail.com>, Ilja Ivanov <ivanov@bseu.by>
- Karel Fajkus <karel@fajkus.cz>
- 2.13.2 2006-02-03 MRTG-NT-GUIDE(1)