mrtg.txt
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- MRTG(1) mrtg MRTG(1)
- NNAAMMEE
- mrtg - What is MRTG
- DDEESSCCRRIIPPTTIIOONN
- The Multi Router Traffic Grapher (MRTG) is a tool to moni-
- tor the traffic load on network links. MRTG generates
- HTML pages containing PNG images which provide a LIVE
- visual representation of this traffic. Check
- http://www.stat.ee.ethz.ch/mrtg/ to see what it does.
- Go to
- http://people.ee.ethz.ch/~oetiker/webtools/mrtg for all
- the details about mrtg.
- Command-line options:
- Most items are set through the configuration file; com-
- mand-line options are specified here:
- ----uusseerr _u_s_e_r_n_a_m_e and ----ggrroouupp _g_r_o_u_p_n_a_m_e
- Run as the given user and/or group. (Unix Only)
- ----lloocckk--ffiillee _f_i_l_e_n_a_m_e
- Use an alternate lock-file (the default is to use the
- configuration-file appended with "_l").
- ----ccoonnffccaacchhee--ffiillee _f_i_l_e_n_a_m_e
- Use an alternate confcache-file (the default is to use
- the configuration-file appended with ".ok")
- ----llooggggiinngg _f_i_l_e_n_a_m_e|eevveennttlloogg
- If this is set to writable filename, all output from
- mrtg (warnings, debug messages, errors) will go to
- _f_i_l_e_n_a_m_e. If you are running on Win32 you can specify
- eevveennttlloogg instead of a filename which will send all
- error to the windows event log.
- NNOOTTEE::Note, there is no Message DLL for mrtg. This has
- the side effect that the windows event logger will
- display a nice message with every entry in the event
- log, complaing about the fact that mrtg has no message
- dll. If any of the Windows folks want to contribute
- one, they are welcome.
- ----ddaaeemmoonn
- Put MRTG into the background, running as a daemon.
- This works the same way as the config file option, but
- the switch is required for proper FHS operation
- (because /var/run is writable only by root)
- ----ffhhss
- Configure all mrtg paths to conform to the FHS speci-
- fication; http://www.pathname.com/fhs/
- ----cchheecckk
- Only check the cfg file for errors. Do not do any-
- thing.
- ----ppiidd--ffiillee==ss
- Define the name and path of the pid file for mrtg run-
- ning as a daemon
- ----lloogg--oonnllyy
- Only update the logfile, do not produce graphics or
- html pages
- ----ddeebbuugg==ss
- Enable debug options. The argument of the debug option
- is a comma separated list of debug values:
- cfg - watch the config file reading
- dir - directory mangeling
- base - basic program flow
- tarp - target parser
- snpo - snmp polling
- fork - forking view
- time - some timing info
- log - logging of data via rateup or rrdtool
- Example:
- --debug="cfg,snpo"
- UUSSEERR PPAAGGEESS
- MRTG is written in Perl and C and works under UNIX and
- Windows NT. MRTG is being successfully used on many sites
- around the net. Check the MRTG-Site-Map on:
- http://people.ee.ethz.ch/~oetiker/webtools/mrtg/users.html
- HHIIGGHHLLIIGGHHTTSS
- Portable
- MRTG works on most UNIX platforms and Windows NT.
- Perl
- MRTG is written in Perl and comes with full source.
- Portable SNMP
- MRTG Uses a highly portable SNMP implementation writ-
- ten entirely in Perl (thanks to Simon Leinen). There
- is no need to install any external SNMP package.
- SNMPv2c support
- MRTG can read the new SNMPv2c 64bit counters. No more
- counter wrapping.
- Reliable Interface Identification
- Router interfaces can be identified by IP address,
- description and ethernet address in addition to the
- normal interface number.
- Constant size Logfiles
- MRTG's logfiles do NOT grow thanks to the use of a
- unique data consolidation algorithm.
- Automatic Configuration
- MRTG comes with a set of configuration tools which
- make configuration and setup very simple.
- Performance
- Time critical routines are written in C (thanks to the
- initiative of Dave Rand my Co-Author).
- GIF free Graphics
- Graphics are generated directly in PNG format using
- the GD library by Thomas Boutell.
- Customizability
- The look of the webpages produced by MRTG is highly
- configurable.
- RRDtool
- MRTG has built-in hooks for using RRDtool. If you are
- strapped for performance this may help.
- DDEETTAAIILLSS
- MRTG consists of a Perl script which uses SNMP to read the
- traffic counters of your routers and a fast C program
- which logs the traffic data and creates beautiful graphs
- representing the traffic on the monitored network connec-
- tion. These graphs are embedded into webpages which can be
- viewed from any modern Web-browser.
- In addition to a detailed daily view, MRTG also creates
- visual representations of the traffic seen during the last
- seven days, the last five weeks and the last twelve
- months. This is possible because MRTG keeps a log of all
- the data it has pulled from the router. This log is auto-
- matically consolidated so that it does not grow over time,
- but still contains all the relevant data for all the traf-
- fic seen over the last two years. This is all performed
- in an efficient manner. Therefore you can monitor 200 or
- more network links from any halfway decent UNIX box.
- MRTG is not limited to monitoring traffic, though. It is
- possible to monitor any SNMP variable you choose. You can
- even use an external program to gather the data which
- should be monitored via MRTG. People are using MRTG, to
- monitor things such as System Load, Login Sessions, Modem
- availability and more. MRTG even allows you to accumulate
- two or more data sources into a single graph.
- HHIISSTTOORRYY
- In 1994 I was working at a site where we had one 64kbit
- line to the outside world. Obviously, everybody was inter-
- ested in knowing how the link was performing. So I wrote a
- quick hack which created a constantly updated graph on the
- web that showed the traffic load on our Internet link.
- This eventually evolved into a rather configurable Perl
- script called MRTG-1.0 which I released in spring 1995.
- After a few updates, I left my job at DMU to start work at
- the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology. Due to lack of
- time I had to put MRTG aside. One day in January of 1996,
- I received email from Dave Rand asking if I had any ideas
- why MRTG was so slow. Actually, I did. MRTG's programming
- was not very efficient and it was written entirely in
- Perl. After a week or so, Dave wrote back to me and said
- he had tried what I had suggested for improving MRTG's
- speed. Since the changes did not help much, he had decided
- to rewrite the time-critical sections of MRTG in C. The
- code was attached to his email. His tool increased the
- speed of MRTG by a factor of 40! This got me out of my
- 'MRTG ignorance' and I started to spend my spare time
- developing of MRTG-2.
- Soon after MRTG-2 development had begun I started to give
- beta copies to interested parties. In return I got many
- feature patches, a lot of user feedback and bug fixes. The
- product you are getting now wouldn't be in this state if
- it hadn't been for the great contributions and support I
- received from of many people. I would like to take this
- opportunity to thank them all. (See the files CHANGES for
- a long list of folk people who helped to make MRTG what it
- is today.)
- RREEAADD OONN
- Learn more about MRTG by going to the mrtg home page on:
- http://people.ee.ethz.ch/~oetiker/webtools/mrtg
- AAUUTTHHOORR
- Tobias Oetiker <oetiker@ee.ethz.ch> and many contributors
- 2.13.2 2006-02-03 MRTG(1)