mrtg-nt-guide.1
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- ." ========================================================================
- ."
- .IX Title "MRTG-NT-GUIDE 1"
- .TH MRTG-NT-GUIDE 1 "2006-02-03" "2.13.2" "mrtg"
- .SH "NAME"
- mrtg-nt-guide - The Windows Guide to MRTG 2.13.2
- .SH "SYNOPSIS"
- .IX Header "SYNOPSIS"
- Installing s-1MRTGs0 on a Windows box is not quite as *(L"click and point*(R" as some
- might want it to be. But then again, it is not all that difficult if you
- follow the instructions below.
- .SH "PREREQUISITES"
- .IX Header "PREREQUISITES"
- To get s-1MRTGs0 to work on Windows you need the following:
- .IP "(bu" 4
- A current copy of Perl.
- For Example ActivePerl from
- http://www.activestate.com/Products/Download/Download.plex?id=ActivePerl
- .IP "(bu" 4
- The latest version of s-1MRTGs0 from
- http://people.ee.ethz.ch/~oetiker/webtools/mrtg/pub Look for mrtg-2.13.2.zip
- or better. The archive also contains a precompiled copy of rateup.exe for
- Win32.
- .SH "INSTALLING"
- .IX Header "INSTALLING"
- I suggest you do the following from the machine that will be running s-1MRTGs0,
- which, in this case, is also a web server. All examples are for doing things
- to a s-1LOCALs0 machine.
- .IP "First" 4
- .IX Item "First"
- Unzip s-1MRTGs0 to C:emrtg-2.13.2 on the Windows machine of your choice.
- .IP "Next" 4
- .IX Item "Next"
- Install Perl on the same Windows machine. You might want to make sure
- that the Perl binary directory is listed in your system path.
- .Sp
- .Vb 1
- & C:ePerlebin;%SystemRoot%esystem32;%SystemRoot%;...
- .Ve
- .Sp
- You can manually check this by going to [Control Panel]->[System]->[Environment]
- .PP
- To see if everything is installed properly you can open a Command Shell
- and go into fIc:emrtg-2.13.2ebinfR. Type:
- .PP
- .Vb 1
- & perl mrtg
- .Ve
- .PP
- This should give you a friendly error message complaining about the missing s-1MRTGs0
- configuration file. Now, you have successfully installed s-1MRTGs0 and Perl.
- .SH "CONFIGURING MRTG"
- .IX Header "CONFIGURING MRTG"
- Now it is time to create a configuration for s-1MRTGs0. But before we begin you need to know a few things. Take an
- opportunity to gather the following information:
- .IP "(bu" 4
- The s-1IPs0 address or hostname and the s-1SNMPs0 port number, (if non standard), of the device you want to monitor.
- .IP "(bu" 4
- If you want to monitor something other than bytes in and out, you must also know the s-1SNMPOIDs0 of what you
- want to monitor.
- .IP "(bu" 4
- Finally you need to know the read-only s-1SNMPs0 community string
- for your device. If you don't know it, try fBpublicfR, that is the default.
- .PP
- For the rest of this document we will be using device fB10.10.10.1fR ( a s-1CISCOs0
- Catalyst 5000) with Community string fBpublicfR. We are interested in monitoring
- traffic, and the s-1CPUs0 load. Let's begin.
- .PP
- The first thing we do in setting up s-1MRTGs0 is making a default config file.
- Get to a cmd prompt and change to the fIc:emrtg-2.13.2ebinfR directory. Type the
- following command:
- .PP
- .Vb 1
- & perl cfgmaker public@10.10.10.1 --global "WorkDir: c:ewwwemrtg" --output mrtg.cfg
- .Ve
- .PP
- This creates an initial s-1MRTGs0 config file for you. Note that in this file all interfaces
- of your router will be stored by number. Unfortunately, these numbers are likely to change whenever you
- reconfigure your router. In order to work around this you can get fIcfgmakerfR to produce a configuration
- which is based on Ip numbers, or even Interface Descriptions. Check cfgmaker
- .PP
- If you get an error message complaining about fBno such namefR or fBno
- responsefR, your community name is probably wrong.
- .PP
- Now, let's take a look at the mrtg.cfg file that was created.
- .PP
- In Perl, a f(CW*(C`#*(C'fR is a comment, synonymous with f(CW*(C`REM*(C'fR in s-1DOSs0.
- .PP
- Add the following to the top of the mrtg.cfg file:
- .PP
- .Vb 1
- & WorkDir: D:eInetPubewwwrooteMRTG
- .Ve
- .PP
- This is where the web pages are created, usually a web root.
- .PP
- .Vb 6
- & ######################################################################
- & # Description: LCP SUWGB
- & # Contact: Administrator
- & # System Name: LC-Bridge
- & # Location: Here
- & #.....................................................................
- .Ve
- .PP
- TargetDevice's s-1IPs0 Address:Interface Number:Community:IP Address
- .PP
- .Vb 1
- & Target[10.10.10.1.1]: 1:public@10.10.10.1
- .Ve
- .PP
- This is the interface speed (Default is 10 megabits; for 100Mbit devices use 12500000 and so on...)
- .PP
- .Vb 1
- & MaxBytes[10.10.10.1.1]: 1250000
- .Ve
- .PP
- .Vb 1
- & Title[10.10.10.1.1]: LC-Bridge (sample.device): ether0
- .Ve
- .PP
- This section determines how the web page headers will look
- .PP
- .Vb 9
- & PageTop[10.10.10.1.1]: <H1>Traffic Analysis for ether0</H1>
- & <TABLE>
- & <TR><TD>System:</TD><TD>LC-Bridge inAndover</TD></TR>
- & <TR><TD>Maintainer:</TD><TD>Administrator</TD></TR>
- & <TR><TD>Interface:</TD><TD>ether0(1)</TD></TR>
- & <TR><TD>IP:</TD><TD>sample.device(10.10.10.1)</TD></TR>
- & <TR><TD>Max Speed:</TD>
- & <TD>1250.0 kBytes/s (ethernetCsmacd)</TD></TR>
- & </TABLE>
- .Ve
- .PP
- .Vb 12
- & Target[10.10.10.1.2]: 2:public@10.10.10.1
- & MaxBytes[10.10.10.1.2]: 1250000
- & Title[10.10.10.1.2]: LC-Bridge (): ulink0
- & PageTop[10.10.10.1.2]: <H1>Traffic Analysis for ulink0</H1>
- & <TABLE>
- & <TR><TD>System:</TD><TD>LC-Bridge inAndover</TD></TR>
- & <TR><TD>Maintainer:</TD><TD>Administrator</TD></TR>
- & <TR><TD>Interface:</TD><TD>ulink0(2)</TD></TR>
- & <TR><TD>IP:</TD><TD>()</TD></TR>
- & <TR><TD>Max Speed:</TD>
- & <TD>1250.0 kBytes/s (ethernetCsmacd)</TD></TR>
- & </TABLE>
- .Ve
- .PP
- .Vb 1
- & #---------------------------------------------------------------
- .Ve
- .PP
- And that's a very basic s-1MRTGs0 config file. You can run this and see your
- results by going into the fIc:emrtg-2.13.2ebinfR directory and typing:
- .PP
- .Vb 1
- & perl mrtg mrtg.cfg
- .Ve
- .PP
- It is normal to get errors for the first two times you run this command. The
- errors will alert you about the fact that there have not been any log files
- in existence before.
- .PP
- If you take a look at those web pages they are not very exciting (yet). You need
- to have the s-1MRTGs0 files run every five minutes to produce the desired results.
- Just run it again after a few minutes. You should now be able to see the first
- lines in your graphs.
- .SH "MAKE MRTG RUN ALL THE TIME"
- .IX Header "MAKE MRTG RUN ALL THE TIME"
- Starting s-1MRTGs0 by hand every time you want to run it is not going to make you
- happy I guess.
- .PP
- There is a special option you can set in the s-1MRTGs0 configuration file so
- so that s-1MRTGs0 will not terminate after it was started. Instead it
- will wait for 5 minutes and then run again.
- .PP
- Add the option
- .PP
- .Vb 1
- & RunAsDaemon: yes
- .Ve
- .PP
- to your mrtg.cfg file and start it with:
- .PP
- .Vb 1
- & start /Dc:emrtg-2.13.2ebin wperl mrtg --logging=eventlog mrtg.cfg
- .Ve
- .PP
- If you use fBwperlfR instead of fBperlfR, no console window will show. s-1MRTGs0 is now
- running in the background. If it runs into problems it will tell you so
- over the EventLog. To stop s-1MRTGs0, open the Task Manager and terminate the
- &fBwperl.exefR process. If mrtg has anything to tell you these messages
- can be found in the event log.
- .PP
- If you put a shortcut with
- .PP
- .Vb 2
- & Target: wperl mrtg --logging=eventlog mrtg.cfg
- & Start in: c:emrtg-2.13.2ebin
- .Ve
- .PP
- into your start-up folder, s-1MRTGs0 will now start whenever you login to your s-1NTs0
- box.
- .PP
- If you do not want to log into your box just to start s-1MRTGs0. Have a look
- at http://www.firedaemon.com/mrtg-howto.html which describes a free tool to
- start any program as a Service. The pages gives specific instructions for
- &s-1MRTGs0 users.
- .SH "HOW TO SETUP MRTG AS A WINDOWS SERVICE"
- .IX Header "HOW TO SETUP MRTG AS A WINDOWS SERVICE"
- .Sh "Additional Prerequisites"
- .IX Subsection "Additional Prerequisites"
- .IP "(bu" 4
- &s-1MRTGs0 must be installed and fully configured on the target system. In the
- following exercise the assumption is that s-1MRTGs0 is installed under c:emrtge
- and all the sample files use this location.
- .IP "(bu" 4
- Microsoft Tools fBs-1SRVANYs0.exefR (Applications as Services Utility) and
- &fBs-1INSTSRVs0.exefR (Service Installer) - Those files can be downloaded from
- Microsoft as a part of Windows 2000 Resource Kit at
- <http://www.microsoft.com/windows2000/techinfo/reskit/tools/default.asp>.
- They are also available from other locations such as
- <http://www.electrasoft.com/srvany/srvany.htm>,
- <http://www.iopus.com/guides/srvany.htm>, etc. Detailed instructions on how
- to use this package are available at
- <http://support.microsoft.com/kb/q137890/>. In order to follow the steps in
- this HOW-TO you fBs-1MUSTs0fR obtain both executables.
- .IP "(bu" 4
- You must have administrative rights on the target system.
- .Sh "Preparation"
- .IX Subsection "Preparation"
- Please complete the following steps before starting the installation:
- .IP "(bu" 4
- Copy fBsrvany.exefR and fBinstsrv.exefR to c:emrtgebine (your s-1MRTGs0 bin directory).
- .IP "(bu" 4
- Create a file called fBmrtg.regfR anywhere on your system and paste the
- following content into it:
- .Sp
- .Vb 1
- & Windows Registry Editor Version 5.00
- .Ve
- .Sp
- .Vb 4
- & [HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINEeSYSTEMeCurrentControlSeteServiceseMRTGeParameters]
- & "Application"="c:eeperleebineewperl.exe"
- & "AppParameters"="c:eemrtgeebineemrtg --logging=eventlog c:eemrtgeebineemrtg.cfg"
- & "AppDirectory"="c:eemrtgeebinee"
- .Ve
- .Sh "Service Installation"
- .IX Subsection "Service Installation"
- Once again, assuming that s-1MRTGs0 is already fully installed and configured on
- the target system under c:emrtge the following steps are necessary to setup
- &s-1MRTGs0 as a service.
- .PP
- Using the command prompt go into the temporary directory where you unzipped
- the package. When there type the following command to create a service
- named *(L"s-1MRTGs0*(R" in the Windows Services management console:
- .PP
- .Vb 1
- & instsrv MRTG c:emrtgebinesrvany.exe
- .Ve
- .PP
- Now you need to create the fBApp*fR entries required for the new service. You
- can do this by either right-clicking on the mrtg.reg file and selecting
- &'merge' or by running the following command:
- .PP
- .Vb 1
- & regedit /s mrtg.reg
- .Ve
- .PP
- After setting up the registry entry it is time to point it to your s-1MRTGs0
- installation. If you have installed s-1MRTGs0 under fIc:emrtgefR, you can skip this
- step. Open your registry editor (Start -> Run -> regedt32), and locate the
- &fB[HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINEeSYSTEMeCurrentControlSeteServiceseMRTG]fR key. Make
- sure that the fBImagePathfR variable is correctly pointing to fBsrvany.exefR
- located in your s-1MRTGs0 bin directory (for example c:emrtgebinesrvany.exe).
- Next you have to expand the s-1MRTGs0 tree, and go to the
- &fB[HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINEeSYSTEMeCurrentControlSeteServiceseMRTGeParameters]fR
- key. Under Parameters make sure that all the fBApplicationfR variables are
- setup properly.
- .PP
- At this point you are ready to run the service. The only thing left to do
- is to start the s-1MRTGs0 service in the Services management console. After you
- do this, you should see two new processes running on your system: srvany.exe
- and wperl.exe. Make sure to stop any previously running s-1MRTGs0 processes to
- avoid conflict.
- .PP
- Note that it is imperative to set the fBRunAsDaemon: yesfR option or the
- service will stop after just one single run!
- .SH "EXAMPLE"
- .IX Header "EXAMPLE"
- Now lets look at a config file to monitor what we wanted to on our mythical
- Cisco Cat 5000 *(-- utilization on ports 3, 5, 10, and 24, and the s-1CPUs0 Load,
- which will show us nonstandard mrtg configurations as well as more options..
- .PP
- .Vb 2
- & WorkDir: D:eInetPubewwwrooteMRTG
- & RunAsDaemon: yes
- .Ve
- .PP
- .Vb 6
- & ######################################################################
- & # Description: LCP SUWGB
- & # Contact: Administrator
- & # System Name: LC-Bridge
- & # Location: Here
- & #.....................................................................
- .Ve
- .PP
- .Vb 12
- & Target[10.10.10.1.1]: 3:public@10.10.10.1
- & MaxBytes[10.10.10.1.1]: 1250000
- & Title[10.10.10.1.1]: LC-Bridge (sample-device): ether0
- & PageTop[10.10.10.1.1]: <H1>Traffic Analysis for ether0</H1>
- & <TABLE>
- & <TR><TD>System:</TD><TD>LC-Bridge inAndover</TD></TR>
- & <TR><TD>Maintainer:</TD><TD>Administrator</TD></TR>
- & <TR><TD>Interface:</TD><TD>ether0(3)</TD></TR>
- & <TR><TD>IP:</TD><TD>sample-device(10.10.10.1)</TD></TR>
- & <TR><TD>Max Speed:</TD>
- & <TD>1250.0 kBytes/s (ethernetCsmacd)</TD></TR>
- & </TABLE>
- .Ve
- .PP
- .Vb 1
- & #---------------------------------------------------------------
- .Ve
- .PP
- .Vb 12
- & Target[10.10.10.1.2]: 5:public@10.10.10.1
- & MaxBytes[10.10.10.1.2]: 1250000
- & Title[10.10.10.1.2]: LC-Bridge (): ulink0
- & PageTop[10.10.10.1.2]: <H1>Traffic Analysis for ulink0</H1>
- & <TABLE>
- & <TR><TD>System:</TD><TD>LC-Bridge inAndover</TD></TR>
- & <TR><TD>Maintainer:</TD><TD>Administrator</TD></TR>
- & <TR><TD>Interface:</TD><TD>ulink0(5)</TD></TR>
- & <TR><TD>IP:</TD><TD>()</TD></TR>
- & <TR><TD>Max Speed:</TD>
- & <TD>1250.0 kBytes/s (ethernetCsmacd)</TD></TR>
- & </TABLE>
- .Ve
- .PP
- .Vb 1
- & #---------------------------------------------------------------
- .Ve
- .PP
- .Vb 12
- & Target[10.10.10.1.1]: 10:public@10.10.10.1
- & MaxBytes[10.10.10.1.1]: 1250000
- & Title[10.10.10.1.1]: LC-Bridge (sample-device): ether0
- & PageTop[10.10.10.1.1]: <H1>Traffic Analysis for ether0</H1>
- & <TABLE>
- & <TR><TD>System:</TD><TD>LC-Bridge inAndover</TD></TR>
- & <TR><TD>Maintainer:</TD><TD>Administrator</TD></TR>
- & <TR><TD>Interface:</TD><TD>ether0(10)</TD></TR>
- & <TR><TD>IP:</TD><TD>sample-device(10.10.10.1)</TD></TR>
- & <TR><TD>Max Speed:</TD>
- & <TD>1250.0 kBytes/s (ethernetCsmacd)</TD></TR>
- & </TABLE>
- .Ve
- .PP
- .Vb 1
- & #---------------------------------------------------------------
- .Ve
- .PP
- .Vb 12
- & Target[10.10.10.1.2]: 24:public@10.10.10.1
- & MaxBytes[10.10.10.1.2]: 1250000
- & Title[10.10.10.1.2]: LC-Bridge (): ulink0
- & PageTop[10.10.10.1.2]: <H1>Traffic Analysis for ulink0</H1>
- & <TABLE>
- & <TR><TD>System:</TD><TD>LC-Bridge inAndover</TD></TR>
- & <TR><TD>Maintainer:</TD><TD>Administrator</TD></TR>
- & <TR><TD>Interface:</TD><TD>ulink0(24)</TD></TR>
- & <TR><TD>IP:</TD><TD>()</TD></TR>
- & <TR><TD>Max Speed:</TD>
- & <TD>1250.0 kBytes/s (ethernetCsmacd)</TD></TR>
- & </TABLE>
- .Ve
- .PP
- .Vb 1
- & #---------------------------------------------------------------
- .Ve
- .PP
- .Vb 18
- & # Router CPU load %
- & Target[cpu.1]:1.3.6.1.4.1.9.2.1.58.0&1.3.6.1.4.1.9.2.1.58.0:public@10.10.10.1
- & RouterUptime[cpu.1]: public@10.10.10.1
- & MaxBytes[cpu.1]: 100
- & Title[cpu.1]: CPU LOAD
- & PageTop[cpu.1]: <H1>CPU Load %</H1>
- & Unscaled[cpu.1]: ymwd
- & ShortLegend[cpu.1]: %
- & XSize[cpu.1]: 380
- & YSize[cpu.1]: 100
- & YLegend[cpu.1]: CPU Utilization
- & Legend1[cpu.1]: CPU Utilization in % (Load)
- & Legend2[cpu.1]: CPU Utilization in % (Load)
- & Legend3[cpu.1]:
- & Legend4[cpu.1]:
- & LegendI[cpu.1]:
- & LegendO[cpu.1]: Usage
- & Options[cpu.1]: gauge
- .Ve
- .PP
- This is a nice example of how to monitor any s-1SNMPs0 device if you know what s-1OIDs0
- you want to use. Once again, for an explanation of the more advance features of
- mrtg, please see the rest of the documentation.
- .SH "AUTHORS"
- .IX Header "AUTHORS"
- Tobi Oetiker <oetiker@ee.ethz.ch>,
- David S. Divins <ddivins@moon.jic.com>,
- Steve Pierce <MRTG@HDL.com>,
- Artyom Adjemov <one.bofh@gmail.com>,
- Ilja Ivanov <ivanov@bseu.by>
- Karel Fajkus <karel@fajkus.cz>