WAIT.2
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- WAIT(2) Minix Programmer's Manual WAIT(2)
- NAME
- wait, waitpid - wait for process to terminate
- SYNOPSIS
- #include <sys/types.h>
- #include <sys/wait.h>
- pid_t wait(int *status)
- pid_t waitpid(pid_t pid, int *status, int options)
- DESCRIPTION
- Wait causes its caller to delay until a signal is received or one of its
- child processes terminates. If any child has died since the last wait,
- return is immediate, returning the process id and exit status of one of
- the terminated children. If there are no children, return is immediate
- with the value -1 returned.
- On return from a successful wait call, status is nonzero, and the high
- byte of status contains the low byte of the argument to exit supplied by
- the child process; the low byte of status contains the termination status
- of the process. A more precise definition of the status word is given in
- <sys/wait.h>. If wait can called with a null pointer argument to
- indicate that no status need be returned.
- Waitpid provides an alternate interface for programs that must not block
- when collecting the status of child processes, or that wish to wait for
- one particular child. The pid parameter is the process ID of the child
- to wait for, -1 for any child. The status parameter is defined as above.
- The options parameter is used to indicate the call should not block if
- there are no processes that wish to report status (WNOHANG), and/or that
- children of the current process that are stopped due to a SIGTTIN,
- SIGTTOU, SIGTSTP, or SIGSTOP signal should also have their status
- reported (WUNTRACED). (Job control is not implemented for Minix, but
- these symbold and signals are.)
- When the WNOHANG option is specified and no processes wish to report
- status, waitpid returns -1 with errno set to EAGAIN. The WNOHANG and
- WUNTRACED options may be combined by or'ing the two values.
- NOTES
- The call wait(&status) is equivalent to waitpid(-1, &status, 0).
- See sigaction(2) for a list of termination statuses (signals); 0 status
- indicates normal termination. A special status (0177) is returned for a
- stopped process that has not terminated and can be restarted; see
- ptrace(2). If the 0200 bit of the termination status is set, a core
- image of the process was produced by the system.
- 4BSD June 30, 1985 1
- WAIT(2) Minix Programmer's Manual WAIT(2)
- If the parent process terminates without waiting on its children, the
- initialization process (process ID = 1) inherits the children.
- <sys/wait.h> defines a number of macros that operate on a status word:
- WIFEXITED(status)
- True if normal exit.
- WEXITSTATUS(status)
- Exit status if the process returned by a normal exit, zero
- otherwise.
- WTERMSIG(status)
- Signal number if the process died by a signal, zero otherwise.
- WIFSIGNALED(status)
- True if the process died by a signal.
- WIFSTOPPED(status)
- True if the process is stopped. (Never true under Minix.)
- WSTOPSIG(status)
- Signal number of the signal that stopped the process.
- RETURN VALUE
- If wait returns due to a stopped or terminated child process, the process
- ID of the child is returned to the calling process. Otherwise, a value
- of -1 is returned and errno is set to indicate the error.
- Waitpid returns -1 if there are no children not previously waited for, if
- the process that it wants to wait for doesn't exist, or if WNOHANG is
- specified and there are no stopped or exited children.
- ERRORS
- Wait will fail and return immediately if one or more of the following are
- true:
- [ECHILD] The calling process has no existing unwaited-for child
- processes.
- [EFAULT] The status argument points to an illegal address.
- [EAGAIN] Waitpid is called with the WNOHANG option and no child has
- exited yet.
- SEE ALSO
- execve(2), exit(2), sigaction(2).
- 4BSD June 30, 1985 2