VOL.1
上传用户:jnzhq888
上传日期:2007-01-18
资源大小:51694k
文件大小:4k
- .TH VOL 1
- .SH NAME
- vol - split input on or combine output from several volumes
- .SH SYNOPSIS
- .B vol
- .RB [ -rw1 ]
- .RB [ -b
- .IR blocksize ]
- .RB [ -m
- .IR multiple ]
- .RI [ size ]
- .I device
- .SH DESCRIPTION
- .B Vol
- either reads a large input stream from standard input and distributes it
- over several volumes or combines volumes and sends them to
- standard output. The size of the volumes is determined automatically if
- the device supports this, but may be specified before the
- argument naming the device if automated detection is not possible or if
- only part of the physical volume is used. The direction of the data is
- automatically determined by checking whether the input or output of
- .B vol
- is a file or pipe. Use the
- .B -r
- or
- .B -w
- flag if you want to specify the direction explicitly, in shell scripts
- for instance.
- .PP
- .B Vol
- waits for each new volume to be inserted, typing return makes it continue.
- If no size is explicitely given then the size of the device is determined
- each time before it is read or written, so it is possible to mix floppies
- of different sizes. If the size cannot be determined (probably a tape) then
- the device is assumed to be infinitely big.
- .B Vol
- can be used both for block or character devices. It will buffer the data
- and use a block size appropriate for fixed or variable block sized tapes.
- .PP
- .B Vol
- reads or writes 8192 bytes to block devices, usually floppies. Character
- devices are read or written using a multiple of 512 bytes. This multiple
- has an upper limit of 32767 bytes (16-bit machine), 64 kb (32-bit), or even
- 1 Mb (32-bit VM). The last partial write to a character device is padded
- with zeros to the block size. If a character device is a tape device that
- responds to the
- .BR mtio (4)
- status call then the reported tape block size will be used as the smallest
- unit. If the tape is a variable block length device then it is read or
- written like a block device, 8192 bytes at the time, with a minimum unit
- of one byte.
- .PP
- All sizes may be suffixed by the letters
- .BR M ,
- .BR k ,
- .BR b
- or
- .BR w
- to multiply the number by mega, kilo, block (512), or word (2). The volume
- size by default in kilobytes if there is no suffix.
- .SH OPTIONS
- .TP
- .B -rw
- Explicitly specify reading or writing. Almost mandatory in scripts.
- .TP
- .B -1
- Just one volume, start immediately.
- .TP
- .BI -b " blocksize"
- Specify the device block size.
- .TP
- .BI -m " multiple"
- Specify the maximum read or write size of multiple blocks. The
- .B -b
- and
- .B -m
- options allow one to modify the block size assumptions that are made above.
- These assumptions are
- .B "-b 1 -m 8192"
- for block devices or variable length tapes, and
- .B "-b 512 -m 65536"
- for character devices (32 bit machine.) These options will not override the
- tape block size found out with an
- .BR mtio (4)
- call. The multiple may be larger then the default if
- .B vol
- can allocate the memory required.
- .SH EXAMPLES
- To back up a tree to floppies as a compressed tarfile:
- .PP
- .RS
- tar cf - . | compress | vol /dev/fd0
- .RE
- .PP
- To restore a tree from 720 kb images from possibly bigger floppies:
- .PP
- .RS
- vol 720 /dev/fd0 | uncompress | tar xfp -
- .RE
- .PP
- Read or write a device with 1024 byte blocks:
- .PP
- .RS
- vol -b 1k /dev/rsd15
- .RE
- .PP
- Read or write a variable block length tape using blocking factor 20 as used
- by default by many
- .BR tar (1)
- commands:
- .PP
- .RS
- vol -m 20b /dev/rst5
- .RE
- .PP
- Note that
- .B -m
- was used in the last example. It sets the size to use to read or write,
- .B -b
- sets the basic block size that may be written in multiples.
- .SH "SEE ALSO"
- .BR dd (1),
- .BR tar (1),
- .BR mt (1),
- .BR mtio (4).