STAT.2
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- ." Copyright (c) 1980 Regents of the University of California.
- ." All rights reserved. The Berkeley software License Agreement
- ." specifies the terms and conditions for redistribution.
- ."
- ." @(#)stat.2 6.5 (Berkeley) 5/12/86
- ."
- .TH STAT 2 "May 12, 1986"
- .UC 4
- .SH NAME
- stat, lstat, fstat - get file status
- .SH SYNOPSIS
- .nf
- .ft B
- #include <sys/types.h>
- #include <sys/stat.h>
- .ta +54n
- int stat(const char *fIpathfP, struct stat *fIbuffP)
- int lstat(const char *fIpathfP, struct stat *fIbuffP) (Minix-vmd)
- int fstat(int fIfdfP, struct stat *fIbuffP)
- .fi
- .ft R
- .SH DESCRIPTION
- .B Stat
- obtains information about the file
- .IR path .
- Read, write or execute
- permission of the named file is not required, but all directories
- listed in the path name leading to the file must be reachable.
- .PP
- .B Lstat
- is like fBstatfP except in the case where the named file is a symbolic link,
- in which case
- .B lstat
- returns information about the link,
- while
- .B stat
- returns information about the file the link references.
- (Minix-vmd)
- .PP
- .B Fstat
- obtains the same information about an open file
- referenced by the argument descriptor, such as would
- be obtained by an fBopenfP call. Pipe descriptors
- look like named pipes with a link count of zero. The
- st_size field of pipes or named pipes shows the amount of
- bytes currently buffered in the pipe.
- .PP
- .I Buf
- is a pointer to a
- .B stat
- structure into which information is placed concerning the file.
- The contents of the structure pointed to by
- .I buf
- is as follows:
- .PP
- .if t .RS
- .nf
- .ta +0.4i +0.8i +1i
- struct stat {
- dev_t st_dev; /* device inode resides on */
- ino_t st_ino; /* this inode's number */
- mode_t st_mode; /* file mode, protection bits, etc. */
- nlink_t st_nlink; /* number or hard links to the file */
- uid_t st_uid; /* user-id of the file's owner */
- gid_t st_gid; /* group-id of the file's owner */
- dev_t st_rdev; /* the device type, for inode that is device */
- off_t st_size; /* total size of file */
- time_t st_atime; /* time of last access */
- time_t st_mtime; /* time of last data modification */
- time_t st_ctime; /* time of last file status change */
- };
- .fi
- .if t .RE
- .DT
- .PP
- .TP 12
- st_atime
- Time when file data was last read or modified. Changed by the following system
- calls:
- .BR mknod (2),
- .BR utime (2),
- .BR read (2),
- and
- .BR write (2).
- For reasons of efficiency,
- st_atime is not set when a directory
- is searched, although this would be more logical.
- .TP 12
- st_mtime
- Time when data was last modified.
- It is not set by changes of owner, group, link count, or mode.
- Changed by the following system calls:
- .BR mknod (2),
- .BR utime (2),
- .BR write (2).
- .TP 12
- st_ctime
- Time when file status was last changed.
- It is set both both by writing and changing the i-node.
- Changed by the following system calls:
- .BR chmod (2)
- .BR chown (2),
- .BR link (2),
- .BR mknod (2),
- .BR rename (2),
- .BR unlink (2),
- .BR utime (2),
- .BR write (2).
- .PP
- The file type information in fBst_modefP has bits:
- .PP
- .nf
- .in +5n
- .ta 1.6i 2.5i 3i
- #define S_IFMT 0170000 /* type of file */
- #define S_IFIFO 0010000 /* named pipe */
- #define S_IFCHR 0020000 /* character special */
- #define S_IFDIR 0040000 /* directory */
- #define S_IFBLK 0060000 /* block special */
- #define S_IFREG 0100000 /* regular */
- #define S_IFLNK 0120000 /* symbolic link (Minix-vmd) */
- .fi
- .in -5n
- .PP
- The mode bits 0007777 encode set-uid/gid bits and
- permission bits (see
- .BR chmod (2)).
- .SH "RETURN VALUE
- Upon successful completion a value of 0 is returned.
- Otherwise, a value of -1 is returned and
- .B errno
- is set to indicate the error.
- .SH "ERRORS
- .B Stat
- and
- .B lstat
- will fail if one or more of the following are true:
- .TP 15
- [ENOTDIR]
- A component of the path prefix is not a directory.
- .TP 15
- [ENAMETOOLONG]
- The path name exceeds PATH_MAX characters.
- .TP 15
- [ENOENT]
- The named file does not exist.
- .TP 15
- [EACCES]
- Search permission is denied for a component of the path prefix.
- .TP 15
- [ELOOP]
- Too many symbolic links were encountered in translating the pathname.
- (Minix-vmd)
- .TP 15
- [EFAULT]
- .I Buf
- or
- .I name
- points to an invalid address.
- .TP 15
- [EIO]
- An I/O error occurred while reading from or writing to the file system.
- .PP
- .B Fstat
- will fail if one or both of the following are true:
- .TP 15
- [EBADF]
- .I Fildes
- is not a valid open file descriptor.
- .TP 15
- [EFAULT]
- .I Buf
- points to an invalid address.
- .TP 15
- [EIO]
- An I/O error occurred while reading from or writing to the file system.
- .SH "SEE ALSO"
- .BR chmod (2),
- .BR chown (2),
- .BR utime (2).