DUP.2
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- ." Copyright (c) 1980 Regents of the University of California.
- ." All rights reserved. The Berkeley software License Agreement
- ." specifies the terms and conditions for redistribution.
- ."
- ." @(#)dup.2 6.3 (Berkeley) 5/13/86
- ."
- .TH DUP 2 "May 13, 1986"
- .UC 4
- .SH NAME
- dup, dup2 - duplicate a descriptor
- .SH SYNOPSIS
- .nf
- .ft B
- #include <unistd.h>
- int dup(int fIolddfP)
- int dup2(int fIolddfP, int fInewdfP)
- .SH DESCRIPTION
- .B Dup
- duplicates an existing descriptor.
- The argument fIolddfP is a small non-negative integer index in
- the per-process descriptor table. The value must be less
- than OPEN_MAX, the size of the table.
- The new descriptor returned by the call, let's name it
- .I newd,
- is the lowest numbered descriptor that is
- not currently in use by the process.
- .PP
- The object referenced by the descriptor does not distinguish
- between references using fIolddfP and fInewdfP in any way.
- Thus if fInewdfP and fIolddfP are duplicate references to an open
- file,
- .BR read (2),
- .BR write (2)
- and
- .BR lseek (2)
- calls all move a single pointer into the file,
- and append mode, non-blocking I/O and asynchronous I/O options
- are shared between the references.
- If a separate pointer into the file is desired, a different
- object reference to the file must be obtained by issuing an
- additional
- .BR open (2)
- call.
- The close-on-exec flag on the new file descriptor is unset.
- .PP
- In the second form of the call, the value of
- .IR newd
- desired is specified. If this descriptor is already
- in use, the descriptor is first deallocated as if a
- .BR close (2)
- call had been done first.
- .I Newd
- is not closed if it equals
- .IR oldd .
- .SH "RETURN VALUE
- The value -1 is returned if an error occurs in either call.
- The external variable
- .B errno
- indicates the cause of the error.
- .SH "ERRORS
- .B Dup
- and
- .B dup2
- fail if:
- .TP 15
- [EBADF]
- fIOlddfP or
- fInewdfP is not a valid active descriptor
- .TP 15
- [EMFILE]
- Too many descriptors are active.
- .SH NOTES
- .B Dup
- and
- .B dup2
- are now implemented using the
- .B F_DUPFD
- function of
- .BR fcntl (2),
- although the old system call interfaces still exist to support old programs.
- .SH "SEE ALSO"
- .BR open (2),
- .BR close (2),
- .BR fcntl (2),
- .BR pipe (2).