TZ.5
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上传日期:2007-01-18
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- .TH TZ 5
- .SH NAME
- TZ - Time zone environment variable
- .SH SYNOPSIS
- fBTZ=fIzonefR[fB-fR]fIoffsetfR[fIdstfR[fIoffsetfR][fB,fIstartfR[fB/fItimefR]fB,fIendfR[fB/fItimefR]]]
- .SH DESCRIPTION
- .de SP
- .if t .sp 0.4
- .if n .sp
- ..
- The
- .B TZ
- environment variable tells functions such as the
- .BR ctime (3)
- family and programs like
- .B date
- what the time zone and daylight saving rule is. The value of
- .B TZ
- has the s-2POSIXs+2 standardized form shown in the synopsis. This form
- specifies the zone names, offsets from GMT, and daylight savings changeover
- times for at least the current year.
- .TP
- .I zone
- A three or more letter name for the time zone in normal (winter) time.
- .TP
- .BI [-] offset
- A signed time telling the offset of the time zone westwards from Greenwich.
- The time has the form
- .I hh[:mm[:ss]]
- with a one of two digit hour, and optional two digit minutes and seconds.
- .TP
- .I dst
- The name of the time zone when daylight savings is in effect. It may
- be followed by an offset telling how big the clock correction is other than
- the default of 1 hour.
- .TP
- fIstartfR/fItimefR,fIendfR/fItimefR
- Specifies the start and end of the daylight savings period. The
- .I start
- and
- .I end
- fields indicate on what day the changeover occurs. They must be in one of
- the following formats:
- .SP
- .ta +5
- .in +5
- .ti -5
- fBJfInfR The Julian day
- .I n
- (1 <=
- .I n
- <= 365) ignoring leap days, i.e. there is no February 29.
- .SP
- .ti -5
- fInfR The zero-based Julian day
- (0 <=
- .I n
- <= 365). Leap days are not ignored.
- .SP
- .ti -5
- .BI M m . n . d
- .br
- This indicates month
- .IR m ,
- the
- .IR n -th
- occurrence of day
- .I d
- (1 <=
- .I m
- <= 12, 1 <=
- .I n
- <= 5, 0 <=
- .I d
- <= 6, 0=Sunday). The 5-th occurrence means the last occurrence of that day
- in a month. So
- .B M4.1.0
- is the first Sunday in April,
- .B M9.5.0
- is the last Sunday in September.
- .in -5
- .SP
- The
- .I time
- field indicates the time the changeover occurs on the given day.
- .SH EXAMPLES
- Greenwich Mean Time:
- .PP
- .RS
- .B TZ=GMT0
- .RE
- .PP
- Middle European Time, 1 hour east from Greenwich, daylight savings starts on
- the last Sunday in March at 2 AM and ends on the last Sunday in October
- at 3 AM:
- .PP
- .RS
- .B TZ='MET-1MET DST,M3.5.0/2,M10.5.0/3'
- .RE
- .PP
- British time, daylight savings starts and ends at the same moment as MET,
- but in an earlier time zone:
- .PP
- .RS
- .B TZ=GMT0BST,M3.5.0/1,M10.5.0/2
- .RE
- .PP
- The eastern european time zones also have the changeovers at the same
- absolute time as British time and MET.
- .PP
- U.S. Eastern Standard Time, 5 hours west from Greenwich, daylight savings
- starts on the first Sunday in April at 2 AM and ends on the last Sunday in
- October at 2 AM:
- .PP
- .RS
- .B TZ=EST5EDT,M4.1.0/2,M10.5.0/2
- .RE
- .PP
- It shouldn't surprise you that daylight savings in New Zealand is observed
- in the months opposite from the previous examples. It starts on the first
- Sunday in October at 2 AM and ends on the third Sunday in March at 3 AM:
- .PP
- .RS
- .B TZ=NZST-12NZDT,M10.1.0/2,M3.3.0/3
- .RE
- .SH "SEE ALSO"
- .BR readclock (8),
- .BR date (1).
- .SH BUGS
- You may have noticed that many fields are optional. Do no omit them,
- because the defaults are bogus. If you need daylight savings then fully
- specify the changeovers.
- .PP
- West is negative, east is positive, ask any sailor.
- .SH AUTHOR
- Kees J. Bot (kjb@cs.vu.nl)