FD.4
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- FD(4) Minix Programmer's Manual FD(4)
- NAME
- fd - floppy disk
- DESCRIPTION
- The fd* devices refer to the Floppy disk driver using the NEC PD765
- floppy disk controller. These diskettes are arrays of 512 byte sectors,
- although Minix always works with two sectors at a time due to its 1024
- byte block size. You can read or write any number of bytes however,
- Minix takes care of cutting and pasting incomplete blocks together.
- The driver is normally configured for two floppy disk devices fd0 and
- fd1. It can handle two more, but it is unlikely that the average PC can.
- On the first access to an fd device (by open(2) or mount(2)), the driver
- will execute a series of read tests to determine the floppy type. This
- works ok for all floppy types except the true 360k type, because it is
- indistinguishable from the 720k type. This only means that the size of
- the floppy is not estimated right.
- Bits 2-6 of the minor device number may be set to the floppy disk type to
- make it known to the driver what type of diskette it is reading or
- writing. The non-auto devices should be used for formatting, or when one
- wants to be absolutely sure that the device is accessed right. These
- devices exist for drive 0:
- type device minor media
- 0 fd0 0 autodetect
- 1 pc0 4 360k, 5.25"
- 2 at0 8 1.2M, 5.25"
- 3 qd0 12 360k in a 720k, 5.25" drive
- 4 ps0 16 720k, 3.5"
- 5 pat0 20 360k in a 1.2M, 5.25" drive
- 6 qh0 24 720k in a 1.2M, 5.25" drive
- 7 PS0 28 1.44M, 3.5"
- Type 4 may also be used for the rarely seen 720k, 5.25" floppies (type 2
- made them obsolete fast.) Note that these "types" only describe the
- floppies from a software point of view, type 1 and 4 drives use the same
- parameters.
- If the format bit (bit 7) is set, then the driver interprets write
- commands as track formatting requests. This is used by the format(1)
- command.
- If the type bits are set to 28, 29, 30, or 31, then the driver uses a
- partition table found in sector 0 to partition the floppy. The
- partitions of fd0 may be accessed as fd0a through fd0d. See hd(4) for a
- description of the partition table, and associated ioctl commands.
- 1
- FD(4) Minix Programmer's Manual FD(4)
- FILES
- /dev/fd[0-3], /dev/pc[0-3], /dev/at[0-3], /dev/qd[0-3], /dev/ps[0-3],
- /dev/pat[0-3], /dev/qh[0-3], /dev/PS[0-3], /dev/fd[0-3][a-d]
- SEE ALSO
- format(1), hd(4), part(8).
- BUGS
- The driver does not know the size of a 360k diskette in a 360k 5.25"
- drive, because it uses the 720k parameters for it. So it will happily
- try to read past the end making all kinds of interesting noises. It's a
- good thing these drives are practically obsolete.
- The partition table is only read when the drive motor is off and only for
- an auto or partition device. The driver assumes that a floppy in a drive
- with a running motor can't have been replaced all of a sudden.
- AUTHOR
- Kees J. Bot (kjb@cs.vu.nl)
- 2