FD.4
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上传日期:2007-01-18
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- .TH FD 4
- .SH NAME
- fd - floppy disk
- .SH DESCRIPTION
- The
- .B fd*
- devices refer to the Floppy disk driver using the NEC PD765 floppy disk
- controller. These diskettes are arrays of 512 byte sectors, although Minix
- always works with two sectors at a time due to its 1024 byte block size. You
- can read or write any number of bytes however, Minix takes care of cutting
- and pasting incomplete blocks together.
- .PP
- The driver is normally configured for two floppy disk devices
- .B fd0
- and
- .BR fd1 .
- It can handle two more, but it is unlikely that the average PC can.
- .PP
- On the first access to an
- .B fd
- device (by
- .BR open (2)
- or
- .BR mount (2)),
- the driver will execute a series of read tests to determine the floppy type.
- This works ok for all floppy types except the true 360k type, because it
- is indistinguishable from the 720k type. This only means that the size of
- the floppy is not estimated right.
- .PP
- Bits 2-6 of the minor device number may be set to the floppy disk type
- to make it known to the driver what type of diskette it is reading or
- writing. The non-auto devices should be used for formatting, or when one wants to
- be absolutely sure that the device is accessed right. These devices exist for
- drive 0:
- .sp
- .nf
- .ta +4n +7n +9n +8n
- type device minor media
- .ta +5n +7n +9n +7n
- 0 fd0 0 autodetect
- 1 pc0 4 360k, 5.25"
- 2 at0 8 1.2M, 5.25"
- 3 qd0 12 360k in a 720k, 5.25" drive
- 4 ps0 16 720k, 3.5"
- 5 pat0 20 360k in a 1.2M, 5.25" drive
- 6 qh0 24 720k in a 1.2M, 5.25" drive
- 7 PS0 28 1.44M, 3.5"
- .fi
- .DT
- .PP
- Type 4 may also be used for the rarely seen 720k, 5.25" floppies (type 2 made
- them obsolete fast.) Note that these "types" only describe the floppies from
- a software point of view, type 1 and 4 drives use the same parameters.
- .PP
- If the format bit (bit 7) is set, then the driver interprets write commands
- as track formatting requests. This is used by the
- .BR format (1)
- command.
- .PP
- If the type bits are set to 28, 29, 30, or 31, then the driver uses a
- partition table found in sector 0 to partition the floppy. The partitions
- of
- .B fd0
- may be accessed as
- .B fd0a
- through
- .BR fd0d .
- See
- .BR hd (4)
- for a description of the partition table, and associated ioctl commands.
- .SH FILES
- /dev/fd[0-3], /dev/pc[0-3], /dev/at[0-3], /dev/qd[0-3], /dev/ps[0-3],
- /dev/pat[0-3], /dev/qh[0-3], /dev/PS[0-3], /dev/fd[0-3][a-d]
- .SH "SEE ALSO"
- .BR format (1),
- .BR hd (4),
- .BR part (8).
- .SH BUGS
- The driver does not know the size of a 360k diskette in a 360k 5.25"
- drive, because it uses the 720k parameters for it. So it will happily try
- to read past the end making all kinds of interesting noises. It's a good
- thing these drives are practically obsolete.
- .PP
- The partition table is only read when the drive motor is off and only for
- an auto or partition device. The driver assumes that a floppy in a drive
- with a running motor can't have been replaced all of a sudden.
- .SH AUTHOR
- Kees J. Bot (kjb@cs.vu.nl)