资源说明:Abstract
Describes the Tkinter widget set for constructing graphical user interfaces (GUIs) in the Python
programming language.
This publication is available in Web form1 and also as a PDF document2. Please forward any
comments to tcc-doc@nmt.edu.
Table of Contents
1. What is Tkinter?.......................................................................................................................3
2. A minimal application..............................................................................................................3
3. Definitions..............................................................................................................................4
4. Layout management.................................................................................................................5
4.1. The .grid() method....................................................................................................5
4.2. Other grid management methods...................................................................................6
4.3. Configuring column and row sizes.................................................................................7
4.4. Making the root window resizeable................................................................................8
5. Standard attributes...................................................................................................................8
5.1. Dimensions...................................................................................................................9
5.2. The coordinate system...................................................................................................9
5.3. Colors...........................................................................................................................9
5.4. Type fonts...................................................................................................................10
5.5. Anchors......................................................................................................................11
5.6. Relief styles.................................................................................................................12
5.7. Bitmaps.......................................................................................................................12
5.8. Cursors.......................................................................................................................12
5.9. Images........................................................................................................................14
5.10. Geometry strings........................................................................................................14
5.11. Window names...........................................................................................................15
5.12. Cap and join styles.....................................................................................................15
5.13. Dash patterns.............................................................................................................16
5.14. Matching stipple patterns............................................................................................16
6. The Button widget................................................................................................................17
7. The Canvas widget................................................................................................................19
7.1. Canvas coordinates......................................................................................................20
7.2. The Canvas display list................................................................................................20
7.3. Canvas object IDs........................................................................................................21
7.4. Canvas tags................................................................................................................21
1http://www.nmt.edu/tcc/help/pubs/tkinter/
2http://www.nmt.edu/tcc/help/pubs/tkinter/tkinter.pdf
1
Tkinter reference
New Mexico Tech Computer Center
7.5. CanvastagOrId arguments......................................................................................21
7.6. Methods on Canvas widgets........................................................................................21
7.7. Canvas arc objects.......................................................................................................26
7.8. Canvas bitmap objects.................................................................................................28
7.9. Canvas image objects..................................................................................................29
7.10. Canvas line objects.....................................................................................................29
7.11. Canvas oval objects....................................................................................................31
7.12. Canvas polygon objects..............................................................................................32
7.13. Canvas rectangle objects.............................................................................................34
7.14. Canvas text objects.....................................................................................................35
7.15. Canvas window objects..............................................................................................36
8. The Checkbutton widget......................................................................................................37
9. The Entry widget..................................................................................................................40
9.1. Scrolling an Entry widget............................................................................................43
10. The Frame widget................................................................................................................43
11. The Label widget................................................................................................................44
12. The LabelFrame widget......................................................................................................46
13. The Listbox widget............................................................................................................48
13.1. Scrolling a Listbox widget........................................................................................52
14. The Menu widget..................................................................................................................52
14.1. Menu item creation (coption) options.........................................................................55
14.2. Top-level menus.........................................................................................................56
15. The Menubutton widget......................................................................................................57
16. The Message widget............................................................................................................59
17. The OptionMenu widget.......................................................................................................60
18. The PanedWindow widget....................................................................................................61
18.1. PanedWindow child configuration options...................................................................63
19. The Radiobutton widget....................................................................................................64
20. The Scale widget................................................................................................................67
21. The Scrollbar widget........................................................................................................70
21.1. The Scrollbarcommand callback............................................................................72
21.2. Connecting a Scrollbar to another widget................................................................73
22. The Spinbox widget............................................................................................................73
23. The Text widget..................................................................................................................78
23.1. Text widget indices...................................................................................................80
23.2. Text widget marks....................................................................................................81
23.3. Text widget images...................................................................................................82
23.4. Text widget windows...............................................................................................82
23.5. Text widget tags.......................................................................................................82
23.6. Setting tabs in a Text widget......................................................................................83
23.7. The Text widget undo/redo stack..............................................................................83
23.8. Methods on Text widgets..........................................................................................84
24. Toplevel: Top-level window methods..................................................................................91
25. Universal widget methods.....................................................................................................93
26. Standardizing appearance...................................................................................................101
26.1. How to name a widget class......................................................................................102
26.2. How to name a widget instance.................................................................................102
26.3. Resource specification lines.......................................................................................102
26.4. Rules for resource matching......................................................................................103
27. Connecting your application logic to the widgets...................................................................104
28. Control variables: the values behind the widgets...................................................................104
29. Focus: routing keyboard input.............................................................................................106
New Mexico Tech Computer Center
Tkinter reference
2
30. Events................................................................................................................................107
30.1. Levels of binding......................................................................................................108
30.2. Event sequences.......................................................................................................109
30.3. Event types..............................................................................................................109
30.4. Event modifiers........................................................................................................110
30.5. Key names...............................................................................................................111
30.6. Writing your handler: The Event class......................................................................113
30.7. The extra arguments trick..........................................................................................115
30.8. Virtual events...........................................................................................................116
31. Pop-up dialogs....................................................................................................................116
31.1. The tkMessageBox dialogs module..........................................................................116
31.2. The tkFileDialog module.....................................................................................118
31.3. The tkColorChooser module.................................................................................119
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