资源说明：The fastest pure PHP database framework with a powerful static code generator, supports horizontal scale up, designed for PHP7
Maghead
==========
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**4.0.x IS CURRENTLY UNDER HEAVY DEVELOPMENT, API IS NOT STABLE**
Maghead is an open-source Object-Relational Mapping (ORM) designed for PHP7.
Maghead uses static code generator to generate static classes that maps to the database records and methods, which reduces runtime
costs, therefore it's pretty lightweight and extremely fast.
With the simple schema design, you can define your model schema very easily and
you can even embed closure in your schema classes.
How fast is it? Currently it's the fastest ORM written in pure PHP. [See the benchmark for more details](https://github.com/c9s/forked-php-orm-benchmark).
Automatic Migration Demonstration
--------------------------------
Feature
-------
* Fast & Simple
* Configuration based on YAML format and compiled into PHP
* PDO, MySQL, Pgsql, SQLite support.
* Multiple data sources.
* Mix-in model.
* Powerful Migration Generator
* Upgrade & Downgrade of course.
* Automatic Migration: generate migration SQL automatically based on the schema diff.
* Schema/Database diff
Design Concept
--------------
- Function calls in PHP are very slow, so the model schema data
will be built statically, Maghead converts all definitions (default value, validator, filter, valid
value builder) into classes and static PHP array, this keeps these model
classes very lightweight and fast.
- In the runtime, all the same model objects use the same
schema object, and we can reuse the prebuild data from the static schema class.
- We keep base model class constructor empty, so when you are querying data from
database, these model objects can be created with zero effort.
Getting Started
---------------
Please see the details on [Wiki](https://github.com/maghead/maghead/wiki)
Schema
------------
### Defining Schema Class
Simply extend class from `Maghead\Schema\DeclareSchema`, and define your model columns
in the `schema` method, e.g.,
```php
column('title')
->unique()
->varchar(128);
$this->column('subtitle')
->varchar(256);
$this->column('isbn')
->varchar(128)
->immutable();
$this->column('description')
->text();
$this->column('view')
->default(0)
->integer();
$this->column('publisher_id')
->isa('int')
->integer();
$this->column('published_at')
->isa('DateTime')
->timestamp();
$this->column('created_by')
->integer()
->refer('TestApp\UserSchema');
// Defining trait for model class
$this->addModelTrait('Uploader');
$this->addModelTrait('Downloader')
->useInsteadOf('Downloader::a', 'Uploader');
$this->belongsTo('created_by', 'TestApp\UserSchema','id', 'created_by');
/**
* column: author => Author class
*
* $book->publisher->name;
*
**/
$this->belongsTo('publisher','\TestApp\PublisherSchema', 'id', 'publisher_id');
/**
* accessor , mapping self.id => BookAuthors.book_id
*
* link book => author_books
*/
$this->many('book_authors', '\TestApp\AuthorBookSchema', 'book_id', 'id');
/**
* get BookAuthor.author
*/
$this->manyToMany( 'authors', 'book_authors', 'author' )
->filter(function($collection) { return $collection; });
}
}
```
### Defining Column Types
```php
$this->column('foo')->integer();
$this->column('foo')->float();
$this->column('foo')->varchar(24);
$this->column('foo')->text();
$this->column('foo')->binary();
```
Text:
```php
$this->column('name')->text();
```
Boolean:
```php
$this->column('name') ->boolean();
```
Integer:
```php
$this->column('name')->integer();
```
Timestamp:
```php
$this->column('name')->timestamp();
```
Datetime:
```php
$this->column('name')->datetime();
```
#### Defining Mixin Method
```php
namespace Maghead\Schema\Mixin;
use Maghead\Schema\MixinDeclareSchema;
class MetadataMixinSchema extends MixinDeclareSchema
{
public function schema()
{
// ... define your schema here
}
public function fooMethod($record, $arg1, $arg2, $arg3, $arg4)
{
// ...
return ...;
}
}
```
Then you can use the `fooMethod` on your model object:
```php
$result = $record->fooMethod(1,2,3,4);
```
### Using Multiple Data Source
You can define specific data source for different model in the model schema:
```php
use Maghead\Schema\DeclareSchema;
class UserSchema extends DeclareSchema {
public function schema() {
$this->writeTo('master');
$this->readFrom('slave');
}
}
```
Or you can specify for both (read and write):
```php
use Maghead\Schema\DeclareSchema;
class UserSchema extends DeclareSchema {
public function schema() {
$this->using('master');
}
}
```
Migration
---------
If you need to modify schema code, like adding new columns to a table, you
can use the amazing migration feature to migrate your database to the latest
change without pain.
Once you modified the schema code, you can execute `lazy diff` command to compare
current exisiting database table:
$ maghead diff
+ table 'authors' tests/tests/Author.php
+ table 'addresses' tests/tests/Address.php
+ table 'author_books' tests/tests/AuthorBook.php
+ table 'books' tests/tests/Book.php
+ table 'users' tests/tests/User.php
+ table 'publishers' tests/tests/Publisher.php
+ table 'names' tests/tests/Name.php
+ table 'wines' tests/tests/Wine.php
As you can see, we added a lot of new tables (schemas), and Maghead parses
the database tables to show you the difference to let you know current
status.
> Currently Maghead supports SQLite, PostgreSQL, MySQL table parsing.
now you can generate the migration script or upgrade database schema directly.
to upgrade database schema directly, you can simply run:
$ maghead migrate auto
to upgrade database schema through a customizable migration script, you can
generate a new migration script like:
$ maghead migrate diff AddUserRoleColumn
Loading schema objects...
Creating migration script from diff
Found 10 schemas to compare.
Found schema 'TestApp\AuthorSchema' to be imported to 'authors'
Found schema 'TestApp\AddressSchema' to be imported to 'addresses'
Found schema 'TestApp\AuthorBookSchema' to be imported to 'author_books'
Found schema 'TestApp\BookSchema' to be imported to 'books'
Found schema 'TestApp\UserSchema' to be imported to 'users'
Found schema 'TestApp\PublisherSchema' to be imported to 'publishers'
Found schema 'TestApp\NameSchema' to be imported to 'names'
Found schema 'TestApp\Wine' to be imported to 'wines'
Migration script is generated: db/migrations/20120912_AddUserRoleColumn.php
now you can edit your migration script, which is auto-generated:
vim db/migrations/20120912_AddUserRoleColumn.php
the migration script looks like:
```php
class AddUserColumn_1347451491 extends \Maghead\Migration\Migration {
public function upgrade() {
$this->importSchema(new TestApp\AuthorSchema);
$this->importSchema(new TestApp\AddressSchema);
// To upgrade with new schema:
$this->importSchema(new TestApp\AuthorBookSchema);
// To create index:
$this->createIndex($table,$indexName,$columnNames);
// To drop index:
$this->dropIndex($table,$indexName);
// To add a foreign key:
$this->addForeignKey($table,$columnName,$referenceTable,$referenceColumn = null)
// To drop table:
$this->dropTable('authors');
}
public function downgrade() {
$this->dropTable('authors');
$this->dropTable('addresses');
}
}
```
The built-in migration generator not only generates the upgrade script,
but also generates the downgrade script, you can modify it to anything as you
want.
After the migration script is generated, you can check the status of
current database and waiting migration scripts:
$ maghead migrate status
Found 1 migration script to be executed.
- AddUserColumn_1347451491
now you can run upgrade command to
upgrade database schema through the migration script:
$ maghead migrate up
If you regret, you can run downgrade migrations through the command:
$ maghead migrate down
But please note that SQLite doesn't support column renaming and column
dropping.
To see what migration script could do, please check the documentation of
Magsql package.
### A More Advanced Model Schema
```php
use Maghead\Schema\DeclareSchema;
class AuthorSchema extends DeclareSchema
{
function schema()
{
$this->column('id')
->integer()
->primary()
->autoIncrement();
$this->column('name')
->varchar(128)
->validator(function($val) { .... })
->filter( function($val) {
return preg_replace('#word#','zz',$val);
})
->inflator(function($val) {
return unserialize($val);
})
->deflator(function($val) {
return serialize($val);
})
->validValues( 1,2,3,4,5 )
->default(function() {
return date('c');
})
;
$this->column('email')
->required()
->varchar(128);
$this->column('confirmed')
->default(false)
->boolean();
$this->seeds('User\\Seed')
}
}
```
LICENSE
===============
MIT License
English
