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*vim_faq.txt*	Frequently Asked Questions

Last updated on: 05 September 2018

	  VIM FAQ by: Christian Brabandt 

Frequently Asked Questions                                 *vim-faq* *Vim-FAQ*

This Vim FAQ is created from the questions and answers posted to the
vim@vim.org user mailing list and the comp.editors newsgroup. There are
several ways to solve a problem in Vim. This FAQ gives one of those several
possibilities. You can explore the other ways using the information and
links given in this FAQ. The credit for the answers in this FAQ goes to
Peppe, Benji, Charles Campbell and numerous others. An online version of
this FAQ is available at https://vimhelp.appspot.com/vim_faq.txt.html
								*faq-index*
INDEX ~
                                                *faq-general-information*
SECTION 1 - GENERAL INFORMATION ~
|faq-1.1|   What is Vim?
|faq-1.2|   Who wrote Vim?
|faq-1.3|   Is Vim compatible with Vi?
|faq-1.4|   What are some of the improvements of Vim over Vi?
|faq-1.5|   Is Vim free?
                                                        *faq-resources*
SECTION 2 - RESOURCES ~
|faq-2.1|   Where can I learn more about Vim?
|faq-2.2|   Is there a mailing list available?
|faq-2.3|   Is there an archive available for the Vim mailing lists?
|faq-2.4|   Where can I get the Vim user manual in HTML/PDF/PS format?
|faq-2.5|   I have a "xyz" (some) problem with Vim. How do I determine if it is
	  a problem with my setup or with Vim?
|faq-2.6|   Where can I report bugs?
|faq-2.7|   Where can the FAQ be found?
|faq-2.8|   What if I don't find an answer in this FAQ?
|faq-2.9|   I have a patch for implementing a Vim feature. Where do I send the
	  patch?
|faq-2.10|  I have a Vim tip or developed a new Vim
	  syntax/indent/filetype/compiler plugin or developed a new script
	  or a colorscheme. Is there a public website where I can upload
	  this?
                                                        *faq-availability*
SECTION 3 - AVAILABILITY ~
|faq-3.1|   What is the latest version of Vim?
|faq-3.2|   Where can I find the latest version of Vim?
|faq-3.3|   What platforms does it run on?
|faq-3.4|   Where can I download the latest version of the Vim runtime files?
                                                                *faq-help*
SECTION 4 - HELP ~
|faq-4.1|   How do I use the help files?
|faq-4.2|   How do I search for a keyword in the Vim help files?
|faq-4.3|   I am getting an error message E123, what did I do wrong?
|faq-4.4|   Where can I read about the various modes in Vim?
|faq-4.5|   How do I generate the Vim help tags file after adding a new Vim
	  help file?
|faq-4.6|   Can I use compressed versions of the help files?
                                                        *faq-editing-a-file*
SECTION 5 - EDITING A FILE ~
|faq-5.1|   How do I load a file in Vim for editing?
|faq-5.2|   How do I save the current file in another name (save as) and edit
	  a new file?
|faq-5.3|   How do I change the current directory to the directory of the
	  current file?
|faq-5.4|   How do I write a file without the line feed (EOL) at the end of
	  the file?
|faq-5.5|   How do I configure Vim to open a file at the last edited location?
|faq-5.6|   When editing a file in Vim, which is being changed by an external
	  application, Vim opens a warning window (like the confirm dialog)
	  each time a change is detected. How do I disable this warning?
|faq-5.7|   How do I edit a file whose name is under the cursor?
|faq-5.8|   How do I reload/re-edit the current file?
|faq-5.9|   How do I autosave a file periodically?
|faq-5.10|  How do I open a file in read-only mode?
|faq-5.11|  How do I open a file for editing without saving the modifications
	  to the current file?
|faq-5.12|  How do I reduce the loading time for very large files in Vim?
                                                *faq-editing-multiple-files*
SECTION 6 - EDITING MULTIPLE FILES ~
|faq-6.1|   How do I open multiple files at once from within Vim?
|faq-6.2|   How do I switch between multiple files/buffers in Vim?
|faq-6.3|   How do I open several files in Vim, with each file in a separate
	  window/tabpage?
|faq-6.4|   How do I configure Vim to autoload several files at once similar
	  to "work-sets" or "projects"?
|faq-6.5|   Is it possible to open multiple top level windows in a single
	  instance of Vim similar to Nedit or emacs?
|faq-6.6|   How do I browse/explore directories from within Vim?
|faq-6.7|   How do I edit files over a network using ftp/scp/rcp/http?
                                                                *faq-backup*
SECTION 7 - BACKUP ~
|faq-7.1|   When I edit and save files, Vim creates a file with the same name
	  as the original file and a "~" character at the end. How do I stop
	  Vim from creating this file (or) How do I disable the Vim backup
	  file feature?
|faq-7.2|   When I edit and save files, Vim creates a file with the same name
	  as the original file and a ".un~" extension at the end. How do I
	  stop Vim from creating this file (or) How do I disable the Vim
	  undofile feature.
|faq-7.3|   How do I configure Vim to store all the backup files in a
	  particular directory?
|faq-7.4|   When I save a file with Vim, the file permissions are changed.
	  How do I configure Vim to save a file without changing the file
	  permissions?
                                                                *faq-buffers*
SECTION 8 - BUFFERS ~
|faq-8.1|   I have made some modifications to a buffer. How do I edit another
	  buffer without saving the modified buffer and also without losing
	  the modifications?
|faq-8.2|   How do I configure Vim to auto-save a modified buffer when
	  switching to another buffer?
|faq-8.3|   How do I replace the buffer in the current window with a blank
	  buffer?
|faq-8.4|   Is there a keyboard shortcut to load a buffer by the buffer
	  number?
|faq-8.5|   How do I open all the current buffers in separate windows?
|faq-8.6|   How do I close (delete) a buffer without exiting Vim?
|faq-8.7|   When I use the command ":%bd" to delete all the buffers, not all
	  the buffers are deleted. Why?
|faq-8.8|   How do I display the buffer number of the current buffer/file?
|faq-8.9|   How do I delete a buffer without closing the window in which the
	  buffer is displayed?
|faq-8.10|  How do I map the tab key to cycle through and open all the
	  buffers?
                                                                *faq-windows*
SECTION 9 - WINDOWS ~
|faq-9.1|   What is the difference between a Vim window and a buffer?
|faq-9.2|   How do I increase the width of a Vim window?
|faq-9.3|   How do I zoom into or out of a window?
|faq-9.4|   How do I execute an ex command on all the open buffers or open
	  windows or all the files in the argument list?
                                                                *faq-motion*
SECTION 10 - MOTION ~
|faq-10.1|  How do I jump to the beginning (first line) or end (last line) of
	  a file?
|faq-10.2|  In insert mode, when I press the  key to go to command mode,
	  the cursor moves one character to the left (except when the
	  cursor is on the first character of the line). Is it possible to
	  change this behavior to keep the cursor at the same column?
|faq-10.3|  How do I configure Vim to maintain the horizontal cursor position
	  when scrolling with the , , etc keys?
|faq-10.4|  Some lines in a file are more than the screen width and they are
	  all wrapped. When I use the j, k keys to move from one line to
	  the next, the cursor is moved to the next line in the file
	  instead of the next line on the screen. How do I move from one
	  screen line to the next?
|faq-10.5|  What is the definition of a sentence, paragraph and section in
	  Vim?
|faq-10.6|  How do I jump to beginning or end of a sentence, paragraph or a
	  section?
|faq-10.7|  I have lines in a file that extends beyond the right extent of the
	  screen. How do I move the Vim view to the right to see the text
	  off the screen?
|faq-10.8|  How do I scroll two or more buffers simultaneously?
|faq-10.9|  When I use my arrow keys, Vim changes modes, inserts weird
	  characters in my document but doesn't move the cursor properly.
	  What's going on?
|faq-10.10| How do I configure Vim to move the cursor to the end of the
	  previous line, when the left arrow key is pressed and the cursor
	  is currently at the beginning of a line?
|faq-10.11| How do I configure Vim to stay only in insert mode (modeless
	  editing)?
|faq-10.12| How do I display some context lines when scrolling text?
|faq-10.13| How do I go back to previous cursor locations?
                                                        *faq-searching-text*
SECTION 11 - SEARCHING TEXT ~
|faq-11.1|  After I searched for a text with a pattern, all the matched text
	  stays highlighted. How do I turn off the highlighting
	  temporarily/permanently?
|faq-11.2|  How do I enter a carriage return character in a search pattern?
|faq-11.3|  How do I search for the character ^M?
|faq-11.4|  How can I search/replace characters that display as '~R', '~S',
	  etc.?
|faq-11.5|  How do I highlight all the non-printable characters in a file?
|faq-11.6|  How do I search for whole words in a file?
|faq-11.7|  How do I search for the current word under the cursor?
|faq-11.8|  How do I search for a word without regard to the case (uppercase
	  or lowercase)?
|faq-11.9|  How do I search for words that occur twice consecutively?
|faq-11.10| How do I count the number of times a particular word occurs in a
	  buffer?
|faq-11.11| How do I place the cursor at the end of the matched word when
	  searching for a pattern?
|faq-11.12| How do I search for an empty line?
|faq-11.13| How do I search for a line containing only a single character?
|faq-11.14| How do I search and replace a string in multiple files?
|faq-11.15| I am using the ":s" substitute command in a mapping. When a
	  search for a pattern fails, the map terminates. I would like the
	  map to continue processing the next command, even if the
	  substitute command fails. How do I do this?
|faq-11.16| How do I search for the n-th occurrence of a character in a
	  line?
|faq-11.17| How do I replace a tab (or any other character) with a hard
	  return (newline) character?
|faq-11.18| How do I search for a character by its ASCII value?
|faq-11.19| How do I search for long lines?
|faq-11.20| How do I display all the lines in the current buffer that
	  contain a specified pattern?
|faq-11.21| How do I search for a text string that spans multiple lines?
|faq-11.22| How do I search for a pattern only within a range of lines
	  in a buffer?
|faq-11.23| How do I clear the last searched pattern?
|faq-11.24| Why does this pattern 'a.\{-}p\@!' not match?
|faq-11.25| How can I use '/' within a pattern, without escaping it?
|faq-11.26| How can I operate on a search match?
                                                        *faq-changing-text*
SECTION 12 - CHANGING TEXT ~
|faq-12.1|  How do I delete all the trailing white space characters (SPACE
	  and TAB) at the end of all the lines in a file?
|faq-12.2|  How do I replace all the occurrences of multiple consecutive
	  space characters to a single space?
|faq-12.3|  How do I reduce a range of empty lines into one line only?
|faq-12.4|  How do I delete all blank lines in a file? How do I remove all
	  the lines containing only space characters?
|faq-12.5|  How do I copy/yank the current word?
|faq-12.6|  How do I yank text from one position to another position within a
	  line, without yanking the entire line?
|faq-12.7|  When I yank some text into a register, how do I append the text
	  to the current contents of the register?
|faq-12.8|  How do I yank a complete sentence that spans over more than one
	  line?
|faq-12.9|  How do I yank all the lines containing a pattern into a buffer?
|faq-12.10| How do I delete all the lines in a file that do not contain a
	  pattern?
|faq-12.11| How do I add a line before each line with "pattern" in it?
|faq-12.12| Is there a way to operate on a line if the previous line
	  contains a particular pattern?
|faq-12.13| How do I execute a command on all the lines containing a
	  pattern?
|faq-12.14| Can I copy the character above the cursor to the current cursor
	  position?
|faq-12.15| How do I insert a blank line above/below the current line
	  without entering insert mode?
|faq-12.16| How do I insert the name of the current file into the current
	  buffer?
|faq-12.17| How do I insert the contents of a Vim register into the current
	  buffer?
|faq-12.18| How do I move the cursor past the end of line and insert some
	  characters at some columns after the end of the line?
|faq-12.19| How to replace the word under the cursor (say: junk) with
	  "foojunkbar" in Vim?
|faq-12.20| How do I replace a particular text in all the files in a
	  directory?
|faq-12.21| I have some numbers in a file. How do I increment or decrement
	  the numbers in the file?
|faq-12.22| How do I reuse the last used search pattern in a ":substitute"
	  command?
|faq-12.23| How do I change the case of a string using the ":substitute"
	  command?
|faq-12.24| How do I enter characters that are not present in the keyboard?
|faq-12.25| Is there a command to remove any or all digraphs?
|faq-12.26| In insert mode, when I press the backspace key, it erases only
	  the characters entered in this instance of insert mode. How do I
	  erase previously entered characters in insert mode using the
	  backspace key?
|faq-12.27| I have a file which has lines longer than 72 characters
	  terminated with "+" and wrapped to the next line. How can I
	  quickly join the lines?
|faq-12.28| How do I paste characterwise yanked text into separate lines?
|faq-12.29| How do I change the case (uppercase, lowercase) of a word or
	  a character or a block of text?
|faq-12.30| How do I enter ASCII characters that are not present in the
	  keyboard?
|faq-12.31| How do I replace non-printable characters in a file?
|faq-12.32| How do I remove duplicate lines from a buffer?
|faq-12.33| How do I prefix all the lines in a file with the corresponding
	  line numbers?
|faq-12.34| How do I exchange (swap) two characters or words or lines?
|faq-12.35| How do I change the characters used as word delimiters?
                                        *faq-completion-in-insert-mode*
SECTION 13 - COMPLETION IN INSERT MODE ~
|faq-13.1|  How do I complete words or lines in insert mode?
|faq-13.2|  How do I complete file names in insert mode?
|faq-13.3|  I am using CTRL-P/CTRL-N to complete words in insert mode. How do
	  I complete words that occur after the just completed word?
                                                        *faq-text-formatting*
SECTION 14 - TEXT FORMATTING ~
|faq-14.1|  How do I format a text paragraph so that a new line is inserted
	  at the end of each wrapped line?
|faq-14.2|  How do I format long lines in a file so that each line contains
	  less than 'n' characters?
|faq-14.3|  How do I join short lines to the form a paragraph?
|faq-14.4|  How do I format bulleted and numbered lists?
|faq-14.5|  How do I indent lines in insert mode?
|faq-14.6|  How do I format/indent an entire file?
|faq-14.7|  How do I increase or decrease the indentation of the current
	  line?
|faq-14.8|  How do I indent a block/group of lines?
|faq-14.9|  When I indent lines using the > or < key, the standard 8-tabstops
	  are used instead of the current 'tabstop' setting. Why?
|faq-14.10| How do I turn off the automatic indentation of text?
|faq-14.11| How do I configure Vim to automatically set the 'textwidth'
	  option to a particular value when I edit mails?
|faq-14.12| Is there a way to make Vim auto-magically break lines?
|faq-14.13| I am seeing a lot of ^M symbols in my file. I tried setting the
	  'fileformat' option to 'dos' and then 'unix' and then 'mac'.
	  None of these helped. How can I hide these symbols?
|faq-14.14| When I paste some text into a Vim buffer from another
	  application, the alignment (indentation) of the new text is
	  messed up. How do I fix this?
|faq-14.15| When there is a very long wrapped line (wrap is "on") and a line
	  doesn't fit entirely on the screen it is not displayed at all.
	  There are blank lines beginning with '@' symbol instead of
	  wrapped line. If I scroll the screen to fit the line the '@'
	  symbols disappear and the line is displayed again. What Vim
	  setting control this behavior?
|faq-14.16| How do I convert all the tab characters in a file to space
	  characters?
|faq-14.17| What Vim options can I use to edit text that will later go to a
	  word processor?
|faq-14.18| How do I join lines without adding or removing any space
	  characters?
                                                        *faq-visual-mode*
SECTION 15 - VISUAL MODE ~
|faq-15.1|  How do I do rectangular block copying?
|faq-15.2|  How do I delete or change a column of text in a file?
|faq-15.3|  How do I apply an ex-command on a set of visually selected lines?
|faq-15.4|  How do I execute an ex command on a column of text selected in
	  Visual block mode?
|faq-15.5|  How do I select the entire file in visual mode?
|faq-15.6|  When I visually select a set of lines and press the > key to
	  indent the selected lines, the visual mode ends. How can I
	  reselect the region for further operation?  (or) How do I
	  re-select the last selected visual area again?
|faq-15.7|  How do I jump to the beginning/end of a visually selected region?
|faq-15.8|  When I select text with mouse and then press : to enter an ex
	  command, the selected text is replaced with the : character. How
	  do I execute an ex command on a text selected using the mouse
	  similar to the text selected using the visual mode?
|faq-15.9|  When I select a block of text using the mouse, Vim goes into
	  selection mode instead of Visual mode. Why?
                                                *faq-command-line-mode*
SECTION 16 - COMMAND-LINE MODE ~
|faq-16.1|  How do I use the name of the current file in the command mode or
	  an ex command line?
|faq-16.2|  How do I edit the text in the Vim command-line effectively?
|faq-16.3|  How do I switch from Vi mode to Ex mode?
|faq-16.4|  How do I copy the output from an ex-command into a buffer?
|faq-16.5|  When I press the tab key to complete the name of a file in the
	  command mode, if there are more than one matching file names,
	  then Vim completes the first matching file name and displays a
	  list of all matching filenames. How do I configure Vim to only
	  display the list of all the matching filenames and not complete
	  the first one?
|faq-16.6|  How do I copy text from a buffer to the command line and from the
	  command line to a buffer?
|faq-16.7|  How do I put a command onto the command history without executing
	  it?
|faq-16.8|  How do I increase the height of the command-line?
                                                                *faq-viminfo*
SECTION 17 - VIMINFO ~
|faq-17.1|  When I invoke Vim, I get error messages about illegal characters
	  in the viminfo file. What should I do to get rid of these
	  messages?
|faq-17.2|  How do I disable the viminfo feature?
|faq-17.3|  How do I save and use Vim marks/commands across Vim sessions?
                                                        *faq-remote-editing*
SECTION 18 - REMOTE EDITING ~
|faq-18.1|  How do I open a file with existing instance of gvim? What
	  happened to the Vim 5.x OpenWithVim.exe and SendToVim.exe files?
|faq-18.2|  How do I send a command to a Vim server to write all buffers to
	  disk?
|faq-18.3|  Where can I get the documentation about the Vim remote server
	  functionality?
                                                                *faq-options*
SECTION 19 - OPTIONS ~
|faq-19.1|  How do I configure Vim in a simple way?
|faq-19.2|  How do I toggle the value of an option?
|faq-19.3|  How do I set an option that affects only the current
	  buffer/window?
|faq-19.4|  How do I use space characters for a Vim option value?
|faq-19.5|  Can I add (embed) Vim option settings to the contents of a file?
|faq-19.6|  How do I display the line numbers of all the lines in a file?
|faq-19.7|  How do I change the width of the line numbers displayed using the
	  "number" option?
|faq-19.8|  How do I display (view) all the invisible characters like space,
	  tabs and newlines in a file?
|faq-19.9|  How do I configure Vim to always display the current line and
	  column number?
|faq-19.10| How do I display the current Vim mode?
|faq-19.11| How do I configure Vim to show pending/partial commands on the
	  status line?
|faq-19.12| How do I configure the Vim status line to display different
	  settings/values?
|faq-19.13| How do I configure Vim to display status line always?
|faq-19.14| How do I make a Vim setting persistent across different Vim
	  invocations/instances/sessions?
|faq-19.15| Why do I hear a beep (why does my window flash) about 1 second
	  after I hit the Escape key?
|faq-19.16| How do I make the 'c' and 's' commands display a '$' instead of
	  deleting the characters I'm changing?
|faq-19.17| How do I remove more than one flag using a single ":set" command
	  from a Vim option?
                                                        *faq-mapping-keys*
SECTION 20 - MAPPING KEYS ~
|faq-20.1|  How do I know what a key is mapped to?
|faq-20.2|  How do I list all the user-defined key mappings?
|faq-20.3|  How do I unmap a key?
|faq-20.4|  I am not able to create a mapping for the  key. What is
	  wrong?
|faq-20.5|  Why does mapping the  key not work?
|faq-20.6|  How do I map the numeric keypad keys?
|faq-20.7|  How do I create a mapping that works only in visual mode?
|faq-20.8|  How do I create a mapping that works only in normal and operator
	  pending mode (but not in visual mode)?
|faq-20.9|  In a Vim script, how do I know which keys to use for my mappings,
	  so that the mapped key will not collide with an already used key?
|faq-20.10| How do I map the escape key?
|faq-20.11| How do I map a key to perform nothing?
|faq-20.12| I want to use the Tab key to indent a block of text and
	  Shift-Tab key to unindent a block of text. How do I map the keys
	  to do this?  This behavior is similar to textpad, visual studio,
	  etc.
|faq-20.13| In my mappings the special characters like  are not
	  recognized. How can I configure Vim to recognize special
	  characters?
|faq-20.14| How do I use the '|' to separate multiple commands in a map?
|faq-20.15| If I have a mapping/abbreviation whose ending is the beginning of
	  another mapping/abbreviation, how do I keep the first from
	  expanding into the second one?
|faq-20.16| Why does it take a second or more for Vim to process a key,
	  sometimes when I press a key?
|faq-20.17| How do I map a key to run an external command using a visually
	  selected text?
|faq-20.18| How do I map the Ctrl-I key while still retaining the
	  functionality of the  key?
|faq-20.19| How do I define a map to accept a count?
|faq-20.20| How can I make my normal mode mapping work from within Insert
	  Mode?
                                                        *faq-abbreviations*
SECTION 21 - ABBREVIATIONS ~
|faq-21.1|  How do I auto correct misspelled words?
|faq-21.2|  How do I create multi-line abbreviations?
|faq-21.3|  When my abbreviations are expanded, an additional space character
	  is added at the end of the expanded text. How do I avoid this
	  character?
|faq-21.4|  How do I insert the current date/time stamp into the file?
|faq-21.5|  How do I prevent an abbreviation from expanding in insert mode?
                                                *faq-record-and-playback*
SECTION 22 - RECORD AND PLAYBACK ~
|faq-22.1|  How do I repeat an editing operation (insertion, deletion, paste,
	  etc)?
|faq-22.2|  How I record and repeat a set of key sequences?
|faq-22.3|  How do I edit/modify a recorded set of key sequences?
|faq-22.4|  How do I write recorded key sequences to a file?
|faq-22.5|  I am using register 0 to record my key sequences (i.e. q0 ....
	  q). In the recorded key sequences, I am yanking some text.  After
	  the first replay of the recorded key sequence, I am no longer
	  able to play it back.
                                                        *faq-autocommands*
SECTION 23 - AUTOCOMMANDS ~
|faq-23.1|  How do I execute a command when I try to modify a read-only file?
|faq-23.2|  How do I execute a command every time when entering a buffer?
|faq-23.3|  How do I execute a command every time when entering a window?
|faq-23.4|  From an autocmd, how can I determine the name of the file or the
	  buffer number for which the autocommand is executed?
|faq-23.5|  How do I automatically save all the changed buffers whenever Vim
	  loses focus?
|faq-23.6|  How do I execute/run a function when Vim exits to do some
	  cleanup?
                                                        *faq-syntax-highlight*
SECTION 24 - SYNTAX HIGHLIGHT ~
|faq-24.1|  How do I turn off/on syntax highlighting?
|faq-24.2|  How do I change the background and foreground colors used by Vim?
|faq-24.3|  How do I change the highlight colors to suit a dark/light
	  background?
|faq-24.4|  How do I change the color of the line numbers displayed when the
	  ":set number" command is used?
|faq-24.5|  How do I change the background color used for a Visually selected
	  block?
|faq-24.6|  How do I highlight the special characters (tabs, trailing spaces,
	  end of line, etc) displayed by the 'list' option?
|faq-24.7|  How do I specify a colorscheme in my .vimrc/.gvimrc file, so that
	  Vim uses the specified colorscheme every time?
|faq-24.8|  Vim syntax highlighting is broken. When I am editing a file, some
	  parts of the file is not syntax highlighted or syntax highlighted
	  incorrectly.
|faq-24.9|  Is there a built-in function to syntax-highlight the
	  corresponding matching bracket?
|faq-24.10| How do I turn off the C comment syntax highlighting?
|faq-24.11| How do I add my own syntax extensions to the standard syntax
	  files supplied with Vim?
|faq-24.12| How do I replace a standard syntax file that comes with the Vim
	  distribution with my own syntax file?
|faq-24.13| How do I highlight all the characters after a particular column?
|faq-24.14| How do I convert a source file (.c, .h, etc) with the Vim syntax
	  highlighting into a HTML file?
|faq-24.15| How do I list the definition of all the current highlight
	  groups?
|faq-24.16| How can I embed one syntax highlighting language into another
	  one?
                                                *faq-vim-script-writing*
SECTION 25 - VIM SCRIPT WRITING ~
|faq-25.1|  How do I list the names of all the scripts sourced by Vim?
|faq-25.2|  How do I debug Vim scripts?
|faq-25.3|  How do I locate the script/plugin which sets a Vim option?
|faq-25.4|  I am getting some error/informational messages from Vim (possibly
	  when running a script), the messages are cleared immediately. How
	  do I display the messages again?
|faq-25.5|  How do I save and restore a plugin specific information across
	  Vim invocations?
|faq-25.6|  How do I start insert mode from a Vim function?
|faq-25.7|  How do I change the cursor position from within a Vim function?
|faq-25.8|  How do I check the value of an environment variable in the .vimrc
	  file?
|faq-25.9|  How do I check whether an environment variable is set or not from
	  a Vim function?
|faq-25.10| How do I call/use the Vim built-in functions?
|faq-25.11| I am using some normal mode commands in my Vim script. How do I
	  avoid using the user-defined mappings for these normal mode
	  commands and use the standard Vim functionality for these normal
	  mode commands?
|faq-25.12| How do I get a visually selected text into a Vim variable or
	  register?
|faq-25.13| I have some text in a Vim variable 'myvar'. I would like to use
	  this variable in a ":s" substitute command to replace a text
	  'mytext'. How do I do this?
|faq-25.14| A Vim variable (bno) contains a buffer number. How do I use this
	  variable to open the corresponding buffer?
|faq-25.15| How do I store the value of a Vim option into a Vim variable?
|faq-25.16| I have copied and inserted some text into a buffer from a Vim
	  function. How do I indent the inserted text from the Vim
	  function?
|faq-25.17| How do I get the character under the cursor from a Vim script?
|faq-25.18| How do I get the name of the current file without the extension?
|faq-25.19| How do I get the basename of the current file?
|faq-25.20| How do I get the output from a Vim function into the current
	  buffer?
|faq-25.21| How do I call external programs from a Vim function?
|faq-25.22| How do I get the return status of a program executed using the
	  ":!" command?
|faq-25.23| How do I determine whether the current buffer is modified or
	  not?
|faq-25.24| I would like to use the carriage return character in a normal
	  command from a Vim script. How do I specify the carriage return
	  character?
|faq-25.25| How do I split long lines in a Vim script?
|faq-25.26| When I try to "execute" my function using the "execute Myfunc()"
	  command, the cursor is moved to the top of the current buffer.
	  Why?
|faq-25.27| How do I source/execute the contents of a register?
|faq-25.28| After calling a Vim function or a mapping, when I press the 'u'
	  key to undo the last change, Vim undoes all the changes made by
	  the mapping/function. Why?
|faq-25.29| How can I call a function defined with s: (script local
	  function) from another script/plugin?
|faq-25.30| Is it possible to un-source a sourced script? In other words,
	  reverse all the commands executed by sourcing a script.
                                                                *faq-plugins*
SECTION 26 - PLUGINS ~
|faq-26.1|  How do I set different options for different types of files?
|faq-26.2|  I have downloaded a Vim plugin or a syntax file or a indent file,
	  or a color scheme or a filetype plugin from the web. Where should
	  I copy these files so that Vim will find them?
|faq-26.3|  How do I extend an existing filetype plugin?
|faq-26.4|  How do I turn off loading the Vim plugins?
|faq-26.5|  How do I turn on/off loading the filetype plugins?
|faq-26.6|  How do I override settings made in a file type plugin in the
	  global ftplugin directory for all the file types?
|faq-26.7|  How do I disable the Vim directory browser plugin?
|faq-26.8|  How do I set the filetype option for files with names matching a
	  particular pattern or depending on the file extension?
                                                *faq-editing-program-files*
SECTION 27 - EDITING PROGRAM FILES ~
|faq-27.1|  How do I enable automatic indentation for C/C++ files?
|faq-27.2|  How do I configure the indentation used for C/C++ files?
|faq-27.3|  How do I turn off the automatic indentation feature?
|faq-27.4|  How do I change the number of space characters used for the
	  automatic indentation?
|faq-27.5|  I am editing a C program using Vim. How do I display the
	  definition of a macro or a variable?
|faq-27.6|  I am editing a C program using Vim. How do I jump to the
	  beginning or end of a code block from within the block?
|faq-27.7|  When editing C++ files and when inserting new lines above or
	  below a comment (//) line, Vim automatically inserts the C++
	  comment character (//) at the beginning of the line. How do I
	  disable this? 
|faq-27.8|  How do I add the comment character '#' to a set of lines at the
	  beginning of each line?
|faq-27.9|  How do I edit a header file with the same name as the
	  corresponding C source file?
|faq-27.10| How do I automatically insert comment leaders while typing
	  comments?
                                                                *faq-quickfix*
SECTION 28 - QUICKFIX ~
|faq-28.1|  How do I build programs from Vim?
|faq-28.2|  When I run the make command in Vim I get the errors listed as the
	  compiler compiles the program. When it finishes this list
	  disappears and I have to use the  :clist command to see the error
	  message again. Is there any other way to see these error
	  messages?
|faq-28.3|  How can I perform a command for each item in the
	  quickfix/location list?
                                                                *faq-folding*
SECTION 29 - FOLDING ~
|faq-29.1|  How do I extend the Vim folding support?
|faq-29.2|  When I enable folding by setting the 'foldmethod' option, all the
	  folds are closed. How do I prevent this?
|faq-29.3|  How do I control how many folds will be opened when I start
	  editing a file?
|faq-29.4|  How do I open and close folds using the mouse?
|faq-29.5|  How do I change the text displayed for a closed fold?
|faq-29.6|  How do I store and restore manually created folds across
	  different Vim invocations?
|faq-29.7|  I have enabled syntax based folding. Why is Vim so slow?

                                        *faq-vim-with-external-applications*
SECTION 30 - VIM WITH EXTERNAL APPLICATIONS ~
|faq-30.1|  Can I run a shell inside a Vim window?
|faq-30.2|  How do I pass the word under the cursor to an external command?
|faq-30.3|  How do I get the output of a shell command into a Vim buffer?
|faq-30.4|  How do I pipe the contents of the current buffer to an external
	  command and replace the contents of the buffer with the output
	  from the command?
|faq-30.5|  How do I sort a section of my file?
|faq-30.6|  How do I use Vim as a pager?
|faq-30.7|  How do I view Unix man pages from inside Vim?
|faq-30.8|  How do I change the diff command used by the Vim diff support?
|faq-30.9|  How do I use the Vim diff mode without folding?
                                                                *faq-gui-vim*
SECTION 31 - GUI VIM ~
|faq-31.1|  How do I create buffer specific menus?
|faq-31.2|  How do I change the font used by GUI Vim?
|faq-31.3|  When starting GUI Vim, how do I specify the location of the GVIM
	  window?
|faq-31.4|  How do I add a horizontal scrollbar in GVim?
|faq-31.5|  How do I make the scrollbar appear in the left side by default?
|faq-31.6|  How do I remove the Vim menubar?
|faq-31.7|  I am using GUI Vim. When I press the ALT key and a letter, the
	  menu starting with that letter is selected. I don't want this
	  behavior as I want to map the ALT- combination. How do I do
	  this?
|faq-31.8|  Is it possible to scroll the text by dragging the scrollbar so
	  that the cursor stays in the original location?
|faq-31.9|  How do I get gvim to start browsing files in a particular
	  directory when using the ":browse" command?
|faq-31.10| For some questions, like when a file is changed outside of Vim,
	  Vim displays a GUI dialog box. How do I replace this GUI dialog
	  box with a console dialog box?
|faq-31.11| I am trying to use GUI Vim as the editor for my xxx application.
	  When the xxx application launches GUI Vim to edit a file, the
	  control immediately returns to the xxx application. How do I
	  start GUI Vim, so that the control returns to the xxx
	  application only after I quit Vim?
|faq-31.12| Why does the "Select Font" dialog doesn't show all the fonts
	  installed in my system?
|faq-31.13| How do I use the mouse in Vim command-line mode?
|faq-31.14| When I use the middle mouse button to scroll text, it pastes the
	  last copied text. How do I disable this behavior?
|faq-31.15| How do I change the location and size of a GUI Vim window?
|faq-31.16| When splitting the Vim window vertically, Vim changes
	  the position.
                                                        *faq-vim-on-unix*
SECTION 32 - VIM ON UNIX ~
|faq-32.1|  I am running Vim in a xterm. When I press the CTRL-S key, Vim
	  freezes. What should I do now?
|faq-32.2|  I am seeing weird screen update problems in Vim. What can I do to
	  solve this screen/display update problems?
|faq-32.3|  I am using the terminal/console version of Vim. In insertmode,
	  When I press the backspace key, the character before the cursor
	  is not erased. How do I configure Vim to do this?
|faq-32.4|  I am using Vim in a xterm. When I quit Vim, the screen contents
	  are restored back to the original contents. How do I disable
	  this?
|faq-32.5|  When I start Vim, it takes quite a few seconds to start. How do I
	  minimize the startup time?
|faq-32.6|  How can I make the cursor in gvim in unix stop blinking?
|faq-32.7|  How do I change the menu font on GTK Vim?
|faq-32.8|  How do I prevent  from suspending Vim?
|faq-32.9|  When I kill the xterm running Vim, the Vim process continues to
	  run and takes up a lot of CPU (99%) time. Why is this happening?
|faq-32.10| How do I get the Vim syntax highlighting to work in a Unix
	  terminal?
                                                *faq-vim-on-ms-windows*
SECTION 33 - VIM ON MS-WINDOWS ~
|faq-33.1|  In MS-Windows, CTRL-V doesn't start the blockwise visual mode.
	  What happened?
|faq-33.2|  When I press the CTRL-Y key, it acts like the CTRL-R key. How do
	  I configure Vim to treat CTRL-Y as CTRL-Y?
|faq-33.3|  How do I start GUI Vim in a maximized window always?
|faq-33.4|  After doing some editing operations, Vim freezes. The cursor
	  becomes an empty rectangle. I am not able enter any characters.
	  What is happening?
|faq-33.5|  I am using Windows XP, the display speed of maximized GVim is
	  very slow. What can I do to speed the display updates?
|faq-33.6|  What are the recommended settings for using Vim with cygwin?
|faq-33.7|  I am trying to use GNU diff with Vim diff mode. When I run the
	  diff from command line, it works. When I try to use the diff with
	  Vim it doesn't work. What should I do now?
|faq-33.8|  Is it possible to use Vim as an external editor for MS-Windows
	  Outlook email client?
|faq-33.9|  I am using Vim to edit HTML files. How do I start internet
	  explorer with the current file to preview the HTML file?
|faq-33.10| I would like to use Vim with Microsoft Visual Studio. How do I
	  do this?
|faq-33.11| Where do I place the _vimrc and _gvimrc files?
|faq-33.12| Every time I save a file, Vim warns about the file being changed
	  outside of Vim. Why?
                                                                *faq-printing*
SECTION 34 - PRINTING ~
|faq-34.1|  How do I print a file along with line numbers for all the lines?
|faq-34.2|  How do I print a file with the Vim syntax highlighting colors?
                                                *faq-building-vim-from-source*
SECTION 35 - BUILDING VIM FROM SOURCE ~
|faq-35.1|  How do I build Vim from the sources on a Unix system?
|faq-35.2|  How do I install Vim in my home directory or a directory other
	  than the default installation directory in Unix?
|faq-35.3|  How do I build Vim from the sources on a MS-Windows system?
|faq-35.4|  The Vim help, syntax, indent files are missing from my Vim
	  installation. How do I install these files?
|faq-35.5|  I have built Vim from the source and installed the Vim package
	  using "make install". Do I need to keep the Vim source directory?
|faq-35.6|  How do I determine the Vim features which are enabled at compile
	  time?
|faq-35.7|  Can I build Vim without the GUI support?
|faq-35.8|  When building Vim on a Unix system, I am getting "undefined
	  reference to term_set_winsize" error. How do I resolve this
	  error?
|faq-35.9|  Vim configure keeps complaining about the lack of gtk-config
	  while trying to use GTK 2.03. This is correct, since in GTK 2
	  they moved to using the generic pkg-config. I can get pkg-config
	  to list the various includes and libs for gtk, but for some
	  reason the configure script still isn't picking this up.
|faq-35.10| I did successfully download the sources and compiled Vim on
	  Unix. But feature ... still does not work. What is wrong and
	  how can I fix it?
                                                                *faq-various*
SECTION 36 - VARIOUS ~
|faq-36.1|  How do I edit binary files with Vim?
|faq-36.2|  How do I disable the visual error flash and the error beep?
|faq-36.3|  How do I display the ascii value of a character displayed in a
	  buffer?
|faq-36.4|  Can I use zero as a count for a Vim command?
|faq-36.5|  How do I disable the Vim welcome screen?
|faq-36.6|  How do I avoid the "hit enter to continue" prompt?
|faq-36.7|  How do I invoke Vim from command line to run a group of commands
	  on a group of files?
|faq-36.8|  How do I use a normal mode command from insert mode without
	  leaving the insert mode?
|faq-36.9|  How do I start Vim in insert mode?
|faq-36.10| How do I use Copy and Paste with Vim?
|faq-36.11| Why shouldn't I modify the files in the system runtime
	  directory?
                                                                *faq-unicode*
SECTION 37 - UNICODE ~
|faq-37.1|  Is it possible to create Unicode files using Vim?
|faq-37.2|  Which Vim settings are particularly important for editing Unicode
	  files?
|faq-37.3|  What is the 'encoding' option?
|faq-37.4|  How does Vim name the various Unicode encodings?
|faq-37.5|  How does Vim specify the presence or absence of a byte-order
	  mark?
|faq-37.6|  What is the 'fileencoding' option?
|faq-37.7|  What is the 'fileencodings' option?
|faq-37.8|  What is the 'termencoding' option?
|faq-37.9|  What is the 'bomb' option?
|faq-37.10| Where can I find an example of a typical use of all these
	  options?
|faq-37.11| How can I insert Unicode characters into a file using Vim?
|faq-37.12| How can I know which digraphs are defined and for which
	  characters?

=============================================================================
 								*faq-1*
SECTION 1 - GENERAL INFORMATION ~

 								*faq-1.1*
1.1. What is Vim?

Vim stands for Vi IMproved. It used to be Vi IMitation, but there are so
many improvements that a name change was appropriate. Vim is a text editor
which includes almost all the commands from the Unix program "Vi" and a lot
of new ones. All commands can be given with the keyboard. This has the
advantage that you can keep your fingers on the keyboard and your eyes on
the screen. For those who want it, there is mouse support and a GUI version
with scrollbars and menus.

Vim is an editor, not a word processor. A word processor is used mainly
to do layout of text. This means positioning it, changing the way it
appears on output. More often than not, the final document is meant to
be printed or typeset or what have you, in order to present it in a
pleasing manner to others. Examples of word processors are Microsoft
Word, FrameMaker, and OpenOffice Writer.

An editor is simply for entering text. Any typesetting or laying out of the
document is secondary. With an editor, one's main concern is entering text,
not making the text look good. Examples of editors other than Vim and Vi
are Emacs, TextMate, Ultraedit and gedit. And Notepad.

For more information, read:

    |intro|

 								*faq-1.2*
1.2. Who wrote Vim?

Most of Vim is based on Stevie and was written by Bram Moolenaar, with
contributions from too many people to mention here.

For more information, read:

    |author|
    |credits|

 								*faq-1.3*
1.3. Is Vim compatible with Vi?

Yes. Vim is very much compatible with Vi.  You can use the "-C"
command-line flag to start Vim in Vi compatible mode: >

    $ vim -C
<
You can also use: >

    $ vim -u NONE
<
You can also set the 'compatible' option to enable Vi compatibility: >

    :set compatible
<
If you want to make sure, to start Vim in a 'nocompatible' mode to
original Vi, supply the -N command line argument: >

    $ vim -N
<
For more information, read:

    |-C|
    |-N|
    |'compatible'|
    |compatible-default|

 								*faq-1.4*
1.4. What are some of the improvements of Vim over Vi?

A short summary of the improvements of Vim over vi is listed below.  The
list shows that Vim is a thoroughly modern and feature-packed editor.
Standard features of modern editors are implemented, and there is an equal
emphasis on general power-user features and features for programmers.

Features to modernise Vi: ~

  Multi-level undo ~

     Allows you to set the number of times you can undo your changes in a
     file buffer. You can also redo an undone change.
     Also starting with version 7.3 Vim can permanently store your undo
     information, so that you can undo your changes which you have done
     in a previous editing session.

  Tabs, Multiple windows and buffers ~

     Each file can be displayed in its own window. You can move easily from
     one window to another. Each file opened during a Vim session also has
     an associated buffer and you can easily jump from one to the other.
     Also like any modern GUI, Vim supports opening several files in tabs.
     You can do batch processing for tabs, buffers, windows and the
     argumentlist.

  Flexible insert mode ~

     Vim allows you to use the arrow keys while in insert mode to move
     around in the file. No more hitting , moving around, then hitting
     `i' or `a'.

  Macros ~

     Vim has a facility which allows you to record a sequence of typed
     characters and repeat them any number of times.

  Visual mode ~

     You can highlight sections of text and execute operations on this
     section of text only.

  Block operators ~

     Allow selection and highlighting of rectangular blocks of text in
     order do execute specific operations on them.

  Online help system ~

     You can easily find help on any aspect of using Vim. Help is displayed
     in its own window.

  Command-line editing and history ~

     History allows you to use the arrow keys to repeat or search for a
     command that has already been typed. Allows you to match the beginning
     of a command with the beginning of another similar command in the
     history buffer. You can also edit a command to correct typos or change
     a few values.

  Command line completion. ~

     Using the  key, you can complete commands, options, filenames,
     etc. as needed.

  Horizontal scrolling. ~

     Long lines can be scrolled horizontally (with or without the GUI).

  Unicode and internationalization improvements. ~

     Vim is able to edit files in unicode encoding and uses internally an
     utf-8 encoding. Additionally Vim can display text right to left
     oriented.

Advanced user features: ~

  Text formatting ~

     With two keystrokes, you can format large sections of text, without
     the use of external programs.

  Completion in Insert mode ~

     Vim provides several different possibilities to complete your text.
     For example Vim can complete words while you are typing, by matching
     the current word with other similar words in the file.

  Jump tags ~

     Just like in an internet browser, you can jump back to previous parts
     of the text you were editing, and then forward again.  Your brain is
     thus free to edit instead of navigate.

  Automatic commands ~

     Commands automatically executed when reading or writing a file,
     jumping to another buffer, etc.

  Viminfo ~

     Allows storing of the command line history, marks and registers in a
     file to be read on startup.  Therefore, you can recall old search
     patterns, macros, etc., in a new Vim session.

  Mouse support ~

     The mouse is supported in an xterm and for MS-DOS. It can be used to
     position the cursor, select the visual area, paste a register, etc.

  Graphical User Interface (GUI) ~

     There are several different graphical user interfaces available.
     Also, it's very easy to add your own menus.  Of course, console vim is
     still supported, and very widely used.

  Scripting language ~

     Vim has a powerful scripting language so new commands can be created.
     You can also use Perl, Python, TCL, Lua and Ruby to achieve the same
     thing!

  Plugins ~

     Extra functionality implemented via vim commands (regular commands or
     the scripting language) that is automatically loaded on startup.
     Examples: file explorer, network editing, enhanced autocompletion,
     syntax checks.
     More are being developed and shared on VimOnline all the time.

  Syntax highlighting for many programming languages ~

     Syntax highlighting (including concealing items) for hundreds of
     programming languages is supported. Support for others can be
     added.

  Extended regular expressions ~

     Vim supports extended regular expressions which are similar in
     functionality to that of Perl regular expressions.

  Integrated Spell checking ~

     Spell checking has been integrated into Vim.

  Diff mode ~

     Vim can highlight the differences between two, three or four files.
     Identical lines will be folded away and hidden.

  Encryption using the blowfish algorithm ~

     Vim allows to encrypt your files using the symmetric block cipher
     blowfish as well as the swap file.

  Extensive customizable ~

     Vim can be tuned and customized to work like you want by setting
     options. You can define your own commands, macros and even plugins
     to extend its capabilities

  Packages ~

     Packages have been added to keep the installation of the growing
     number of plugins manageable. This is a convenient way to get one
     or more plugins, drop them in a directory and keep them updated.
     Vim will load them automatically, or only when desired.

Programming performance features: ~

  Edit-compile-edit speedup ~

     You can compile within Vim and automatically jump to the location of
     errors in the source code.

  Indenting for many programming languages ~

     C, C++, Java, Perl, XML and many other languages can be automatically
     indented by vim while you type.  Support for others can be added.

  Searching for words in include files ~

     Vim allows you to search for a match of the word under the cursor in
     the current and included files.

  Advanced text objects ~

     Instantly select, delete, copy, indent, format, change case, or ...
     to all the text between ( and ), or { and }, or < and >, or [ and
     ].  Or a word, sentence, or paragraph.  Very powerful.

  Folding ~

     Certain parts of the text can be "folded" away.  The best example is
     the body of a function.  You can get an overview of the code, and then
     open the fold of the function whose detail you need to see.

  ctags and cscope integration ~

     Using these two powerful programs, you can jump to a definition of a
     function from a calling instance of it, and use other tricks to
     navigate source code.

  Integration of several programming languages ~

     If you find the internal scripting language not powerful enough, you
     can extend Vim using Lua, Ruby, Tcl, Perl and Python 2 and 3.

  Asynchronous I/O support ~

     Vim uses jobs and channels to talk to other programs
     asynchronously. This allows to have e.g. a compiler run in the
     background and open the quickfix list as soon as it is finished to
     fix warnings and errors.

  Timers ~

     Timers are asynchronous and can fire once or repeatedly to invoke a
     function to do any work.

For more information, read: ~

    |vi-differences|

 								*faq-1.5*
1.5. Is Vim free?

Vim is Charityware. There are no restrictions on using or copying Vim, but
the author encourages you to make a donation to charity. A document
explaining how to do so is included in the distribution.

For more information, read:

    |copyright|

=============================================================================
 								*faq-2*
SECTION 2 - RESOURCES ~

 								*faq-2.1*
2.1. Where can I learn more about Vim?

You can post your Vim questions to the vim@vim.org mailing list.  You can
post your Vim development related questions to the vim-dev@vim.org mailing
list. Vim does not have a newsgroup of its own. But the appropriate
newsgroup to post to is comp.editors.

"VimOnline" is a web page that serves as a de facto homepage for vim,
although the main purpose of it is to gather tips and scripts from
everywhere.  Get involved!  The URL is https://www.vim.org

Finally, read the Vi FAQ:

    http://www.faqs.org/faqs/editor-faq/vi/part1/index.html

Finally, there are also some communities, where you can discuss features
or ask questions:

    https://vi.stackexchange.com
    https://vim.reddit.com

For more information, read:

    |mail-list|
    |internet|

 								*faq-2.2*
2.2. Is there a mailing list available?

There are several:

    NAME              DESCRIPTION ~
    ----------------  --------------------------------------------- ~
    vim-announce      Announcements of new releases
    vim               General discussion
    vim-dev           Patches, bug reports, development discussions
    vim-mac           Macintosh discussion
    vim-fr            General discussion in French

Of these, only vim and vim-dev are of general interest. vim-announce is
read-only to most people, and its messages are sent to the other lists as
well. The remaining four are very low volume.

    ACTION            EMAIL SEND TO ~
    ----------------  -------------------------- ~
    To subscribe:     -subscribe@vim.org
    To unsubscribe:   -unsubscribe@vim.org
    To get help:      -help@vim.org

The available mailing lists are also mentioned here:

    https://www.vim.org/maillist.php

 								*faq-2.3*
2.3. Is there an archive available for the Vim mailing lists?

Yes. Visit https://groups.yahoo.com/, where name is one of:
vimannounce, vim, vimdev, vim-fr, vim-mac, vim-vms.

Alternatively, visit www.gmane.org to find out about GMANE, which allows
you to access the mailing lists as though they were newsgroups.  This
offers some convenience to those who wish to browse the history or casually
observe the current threads.

 								*faq-2.4*
2.4. Where can I get the Vim user manual in HTML/PDF/PS format?

You can download the HTML/PDF/PS format of the Vim user manual from:

    https://vimdoc.sourceforge.net/

Note, the user manual from that page is currently pretty outdated. It's
best to either use the documentation that comes with vim or use the
online version at https://vimhelp.appspot.com

You can find a pdf version of the full English help, including this faq
(in letter, A4 and Ipad format) at:

    https://nathangrigg.com/vimhelp/

This document is cross-referenced, so you can use the hyperlink
functionality.

 								*faq-2.5*
2.5. I have a "xyz" (some) problem with Vim. How do I determine if it is a
     problem with my setup or with Vim?  / Have I found a bug in Vim?

First, you need to find out, whether the error is in the actual runtime
files or any plugin that is distributed with Vim or whether it is a
simple side effect of any configuration option from your .vimrc or
.gvimrc. So first, start vim like this: >

    vim -u NONE -U NONE -N -i NONE
<
This starts Vim in nocompatible mode (-N), without reading your viminfo
file (-i NONE), without reading any configuration file (-u NONE for not
reading .vimrc file and -U NONE for not reading a .gvimrc file) or even
plugin.

In this invocation, try to reproduce your problem. If the error
persists, the chance is good you've found a bug in Vim (see also
Question 2.6. |faq-2.6|)

If the error does not occur when starting Vim this way, then the problem
is either related to some plugin of yours or some setting in one of your
local setup files. You need to find out, what triggers the error, you
try starting Vim this way: >

    vim -u NONE -U NONE -N
<
If the error occurs, the problem is your .viminfo file. Simply delete
the viminfo file then. If the error does not occur, try: >

    vim -u ~/.vimrc --noplugin -N -i NONE
<
This will simply use your .vimrc as configuration file, but not load any
plugins. If the error occurs this time, the error is possibly caused by
some configuration option inside your .vimrc file. Depending on the
length of your vimrc file, it can be quite hard to trace the origin
within that file.

The best way is to add :finish command in the middle of your .vimrc.
Then restart again using the same command line. If the error still
occurs, the bug must be caused because of a setting in the first half of
your .vimrc. If it doesn't happen, the problematic setting must be in
the second half of your .vimrc. So move the :finish command to the
middle of that half, of which you know that triggers the error and move
your way along, until you find the problematic option. If your .vimrc is
350 lines long, you need at a maximum 9 tries to find the offending line
(in practise, this can often be further reduced, since often lines
depend on each other).

If the problem does not occur, when only loading your .vimrc file, the
error must be caused by a plugin or another runtime file (indent
autoload or syntax script). Check the output of the :scriptnames command
to see what files have been loaded and for each one try to disable each
one by one and see which one triggers the bug. Often files that are
loaded by vim, have a simple configuration variable to disable them, but
you need to check inside each file separately.

You can also use the -V command line argument to get more debug
information to analyze the problem: >

    $ vim -V2logfile
<
You can increase the value passed to the -V argument to get more debug
information. By also specifying a logfile name, this makes sure, the
debug messages don't appear on the screen and won't disturb you when
trying to reproduce the problem.


For more information, read:

    |-u|
    |-U|
    |-N|
    |-V|
    |'verbose'|
    |:verbose|
    |:set-verbose|

 								*faq-2.6*
2.6. Where can I report bugs?

First collect the required information using the following command: >

    :source $VIMRUNTIME/bugreport.vim
<
Now send the resulting text from the above command to the bugs@vim.org
e-mail address. There is also a public bug tracker available at
https://github.com/vim/vim/issues. A copy of each message there
will be forwarded to the Vim Development list.

The Vim Development mailing list (see Question 2.2 |faq-2.2|) is a good place to
discuss general bugs.  If the bug you find is with syntax highlighting,
a runtime file, or some other "added feature" (i.e. not directly
programmed into vim), attempt to inform the maintainer of that feature.
His e-mail address will be mentioned at the top of the corresponding
runtime file.

For more information, read:

    |bug-reports|

 								*faq-2.7*
2.7. Where can the FAQ be found?

The FAQ can be found at https://vimhelp.appspot.com/vim_faq.txt.html.
It will be auto-generated from the source that is managed in the github
repository https://www.github.com/chrisbra/vim_faq (Patches are welcome).

The repository also includes the faq in different formats, e.g. manpage,
pdf file, html file, plain text version and a version in vim help format.

A slightly older version (which doesn't seem to get updated anymore) can
still be found at VimOnline (https://www.vim.org/).

 								*faq-2.8*
2.8. What if I don't find an answer in this FAQ?

This FAQ covers mainly Vim-specific questions. You may find more
information suitable for most Vi clones by reading the Vi FAQ. It is posted
regularly on comp.editors. You can also find a copy at

    http://www.faqs.org/faqs/editor-faq/vi/part1/index.html

Also, since Vim has gathered so many features in the last few years,
successfully documenting the frequently asked questions here is a
near-impossible task. To make it possible, please email the maintainer if
you have a good question. A good question is one that you've tried to
answer yourself (remember, Vim has great documentation) but struggled.

 								*faq-2.9*
2.9. I have a patch for implementing a Vim feature. Where can I send this
     patch?

You can send your patches to the Vim developer mailing list
vim-dev@vim.org.

For more information, read:

    |vim-dev|

 								*faq-2.10*
2.10. I have a Vim tip or developed a new Vim syntax/indent/filetype/
      compiler plugin or developed a new script or a colorscheme.
      Is there a public website where I can upload this?

Yes. You can use the Vim Online website to upload your plugins/scripts,
colorschemes, etc. The site is at https://www.vim.org
Nowadays people also seem to share their plugins/runtime files at
github.

Tips can also be shared in the Wiki which you can find at

    http://vim.wikia.com

=============================================================================
 								*faq-3*
SECTION 3 - AVAILABILITY ~

 								*faq-3.1*
3.1. What is the latest version of Vim?

The latest version of Vim is 8.2 released on 12th December 2019.

The release history of different versions of Vim is below:

    VERSION         RELEASE DATE ~
    --------------  -------------------- ~
    Version 8.2     12th December, 2019
    Version 8.1     17th May, 2018
    Version 8.0     12th September, 2016
    Version 7.4     10th August, 2013
    Version 7.3     15th August, 2010
    Version 7.2     9th August, 2008
    Version 7.1     12th May, 2007
    Version 7.0     8th May, 2006
    Version 6.4     15th October, 2005
    Version 6.3     8th June, 2004
    Version 6.2     1st June, 2003
    Version 6.1     24th March, 2002
    Version 6.0     27th September, 2001
    Version 5.8     31st May, 2001
    Version 5.7     24th June, 2000
    Version 5.6     16th January, 2000
    Version 5.5     21st September, 1999
    Version 5.4     26th July, 1999
    Version 5.3     31st August, 1998
    Version 5.2     24th August, 1998
    Version 5.1     7th April, 1998
    Version 5.0     19th February, 1998
    Version 4.6     13th March, 1997
    Version 4.5     17th October, 1996
    Version 4.2     5th July, 1996
    Version 4.0     29th May, 1996
    Version 3.0     12th August, 1994
    Version 2.0     21st December, 1993
    Version 1.27    23rd April, 1993
    Version 1.17    21st April, 1992
    Version 1.14    2nd November, 1991

If you are interested in the old release history, check out the
vim-history git repository:
https://github.com/vim/vim-history
and especially for the release history:
https://github.com/vim/vim-history#release-history

For more information, read:

    |new-8|
    |new-7|
    |new-6|
    |new-5|
    |chnaged-8.2|
    |changed-8.1|
    |changed-7.4|
    |changed-7.3|
    |changed-7.2|
    |changed-7.1|

 								*faq-3.2*
3.2. Where can I find the latest version of Vim?

You can download the sources for the latest version of Vim from the
Github repository. The URL for this site is

    https://github.com/vim/vim

A mercurial mirror is also available:

    https://bitbucket.org/vim-mirror/vim
    http://hg.256bit.org/vim/
    https://hg.osdn.net/view/vim/vim

Some users keep updated repositories for distributing latest binary
versions of Vim. You can find those repositories here:

    http://vim.wikia.com/wiki/Where_to_download_Vim

 								*faq-3.3*
3.3. What platforms does it run on?

All Unix platforms.
All Windows platforms (XP and later).
Amiga, Atari, BeOS, Macintosh, MachTen, OS/2, RiscOS, VMS, IBM z/OS.

For MS-DOS support has been removed with the latest releases of Vim.
16-bit DOS: latest supported version 7.1
32-bit DOS: latest supported version 7.3
 								*faq-3.4*
3.4. Where can I download the latest version of the Vim runtime files?

You can download the latest version of the Vim runtime files (syntax files,
filetype plugins, compiler files, color schemes, documentation, indentation
files and keymaps) from the Vim github repository

    https://github.com/vim/vim/tree/master/runtime

Another way of downloading the runtime files is this: >

    wget https://github.com/vim/vim/archive/master.tar.gz -O- |
    tar zfx - vim-master/runtime/ --strip-components=1
<
See also:

    https://www.vim.org/runtime.php

=============================================================================
 								*faq-4*
SECTION 4 - HELP ~

 								*faq-4.1*
4.1. How do I use the help files?

Help can be found for all functions of Vim. In order to use it, use the
":help" command.  This will bring you to the main help page. On that first
page, you will find explanations on how to move around. Basically, you move
around in the help pages the same way you would in a read-only document.
You can jump to specific subjects by using tags. This can be done in two
ways:

   * Use the "" command while standing on the name of a command
     or option. This only works when the tag is a keyword.
     "" and "g" work just like "".

   * use the ":tag " command. This works with all characters.

Use "" to jump back to previous positions in the help files. Use
":q" to close the help window.

If you want to jump to a specific subject on the help pages, use ":help
{subject}". If you don't know what to look for, try ":help index" to get a
list of all available subjects. Use the standard search keys to locate the
information you want. You can abbreviate the ":help" command as ":h".

For searching the help, see the next Question 4.2. |faq-4.2|

For more information, read:

    |online-help|

 								*faq-4.2*
4.2. How do I search for a keyword in the Vim help files?

a)  You can press the CTRL-D key after typing the help keyword to get a
    list of all the help keywords containing the supplied pattern. You can
    also use the meta characters like *, \+, etc to specify the help
    search pattern: >

    :help init
    :help str*()
   

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