资源说明：本文档内容为英文 Donn Felker Independent software development consultant Who This Book Is For We assume you know the basics of the Java language. If not, see “Preface” on page xiii. We also assume you know the basics of the Java Standard Edition API (since this forms the basis of Android's runtime libraries) as well as the basics of Android. The terms "activity", "intent", and "content provider", while not necessarily being what you dream about at night, should at least be familiar to you. Table of Contents Introduction ................................................................. 1 About This Book ..............................................................................................1 Conventions Used in This Book .....................................................................2 Foolish Assumptions .......................................................................................3 How This Book Is Organized ..........................................................................3 Part I: The Nuts and Bolts of Android .................................................3 Part II: Building and Publishing Your First Android Application .....4 Part III: Creating a Feature-Rich Application ......................................4 Part IV: The Part of Tens .......................................................................4 Icons Used in This Book .................................................................................4 Where to Go from Here ...................................................................................5 Part I: The Nuts and Bolts of Android ............................ 7 Chapter 1: Developing Spectacular Android Applications . . . . . . . . . .9 Why Develop for Android? .............................................................................9 Market share .........................................................................................10 Time to market .....................................................................................10 Open platform ......................................................................................10 Cross-compatibility .............................................................................11 Mashup capability ...............................................................................11 Android Programming Basics ......................................................................13 Java: Your Android programming language .....................................13 Activities ...............................................................................................14 Intents....................................................................................................14 Cursorless controls .............................................................................15 Views and widgets ...............................................................................16 Asynchronous calls .............................................................................16 Background services ...........................................................................17 Hardware Tools .............................................................................................18 Touchscreen .........................................................................................19 GPS .........................................................................................................19 Accelerometer ......................................................................................20 SD Card ..................................................................................................20 Software Tools ...............................................................................................20 Internet ..................................................................................................21 Audio and video support ....................................................................21 Contacts ................................................................................................21 Security .................................................................................................22 Google APIs ...........................................................................................22 xiv Android Application Development For Dummies Chapter 2: Prepping Your Development Headquarters . . . . . . . . . . . . .25 Developing the Android Developer Inside You .........................................25 Assembling Your Toolkit ..............................................................................26 Android source code ...........................................................................26 Linux 2.6 kernel ....................................................................................27 Android framework..............................................................................27 Application framework ........................................................................28 Open Handset Alliance libraries ........................................................30 Java knowledge ....................................................................................31 Tuning Up Your Hardware ...........................................................................31 Operating system .................................................................................31 Computer hardware ............................................................................32 Installing and Confi guring Your Support Tools .........................................32 Getting the Java Development Kit ...............................................................33 Downloading the JDK ..........................................................................33 Installing the JDK .................................................................................35 Acquiring the Android SDK ..........................................................................35 Downloading the Android SDK ...........................................................35 Following and setting your tools path ..............................................38 Getting the Total Eclipse ..............................................................................41 Choosing the right Eclipse version ....................................................41 Installing Eclipse ..................................................................................41 Confi guring Eclipse ..............................................................................43 Getting Acquainted with the Android Development Tools ......................47 Navigating the Android SDK ...............................................................47 Targeting Android platforms ..............................................................48 Using SDK tools for everyday development .....................................49 Part II: Building and Publishing Your First Android Application .................................... 53 Chapter 3: Your First Android Project. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .55 Starting a New Project in Eclipse .................................................................55 Deconstructing Your Project .......................................................................61 Responding to error messages ..........................................................62 Understanding the Build Target and Min SDK Version settings ....63 Setting Up an Emulator .................................................................................65 Creating Launch Confi gurations ..................................................................68 Creating a debug confi guration ..........................................................68 Creating a run confi guration ..............................................................68 Duplicating your launch confi guration for quick setup ..................71 Running the Hello Android App ...................................................................72 Running the app in the emulator .......................................................72 Checking deployment status ..............................................................77 Table of Contents xv Understanding Project Structure ................................................................78 Navigating the app’s folders ...............................................................78 Viewing the application’s manifest fi le .............................................88 Viewing the default.properties fi le ....................................................90 Chapter 4: Designing the User Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .93 Creating the Silent Mode Toggle Application ............................................94 Laying Out the Application ..........................................................................95 Using the XML layout fi le ....................................................................96 Using the Android SDK’s layout tools ...............................................98 Using the visual designer ....................................................................99 Developing the User Interface ....................................................................102 Viewing XML layout attributes .........................................................102 Working with views ...........................................................................103 Adding an Image to Your Application .......................................................104 Placing an image on the screen........................................................105 Adding the image to the layout ........................................................106 Creating a Launcher Icon for the Application ..........................................108 Designing a custom launcher icon ...................................................109 Adding a custom launcher icon .......................................................110 Adding a Toggle Button Widget .................................................................111 Previewing the Application in the Visual Designer .................................113 Changing the orientation ..................................................................114 Changing the background color .......................................................114 Chapter 5: Coding Your Application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .117 Understanding Activities ............................................................................117 Working with methods, stacks, and states .....................................118 Tracking an activity’s life cycle ........................................................119 Creating Your First Activity .......................................................................122 Starting with onCreate ......................................................................122 Handling the bundle ..........................................................................123 Telling Android to display the UI .....................................................123 Handling user input ...........................................................................124 Writing your fi rst event handler ......................................................125 Working with the Android Framework Classes .......................................128 Getting good service ..........................................................................128 Toggling silent mode with AudioManager ......................................129 Installing Your Application .........................................................................133 Returning to the emulator ................................................................133 Installing on a physical Android device ..........................................135 Reinstalling Your Application ....................................................................137 Understanding the state of the emulator ........................................137 Doing the reinstallation .....................................................................137 Uh-oh!: Responding to Errors .....................................................................138 Using the Dalvik Debug Monitor Server ..........................................138 Using the Eclipse debugger ..............................................................143 xvi Android Application Development For Dummies Thinking Beyond Your Application Boundaries ......................................151 Interacting with your application ....................................................151 Does it work?: Testing your application .........................................152 Chapter 6: Understanding Android Resources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .155 Understanding Resources ..........................................................................155 Dimensions .........................................................................................156 Styles ...................................................................................................156 Themes ................................................................................................157 Values ..................................................................................................157 Menus ..................................................................................................157 Colors ..................................................................................................158 Working with Resources .............................................................................158 Moving strings into resources .........................................................158 Wrestling the image beast ................................................................160 Making your apps global with resources ........................................161 Chapter 7: Turning Your Application into a Home-Screen Widget. . . .163 Working with App Widgets in Android .....................................................164 Working with remote views ..............................................................165 Using AppWidgetProviders ..............................................................166 Working with Pending Intents ....................................................................167 Understanding the Android intent system .....................................167 Understanding intent data ................................................................168 Evaluating intents ..............................................................................170 Using pending intents ........................................................................170 Creating the Home-Screen Widget .............................................................172 Implementing the AppWidgetProvider ...........................................172 Communicating with the app widget ..............................................173 Building the app widget’s layout .....................................................175 Doing work inside an AppWidgetProvider .....................................176 Working with the app widget’s metadata .......................................181 Registering your new components with the manifest...................182 Placing Your Widget on the Home Screen ................................................184 Chapter 8: Publishing Your App to the Android Market . . . . . . . . . . .187 Creating a Distributable File .......................................................................187 Revisiting the manifest fi le................................................................188 Choosing your tools ..........................................................................189 Digitally signing your application ....................................................189 Creating the APK fi le ..........................................................................191 Creating an Android Market Account .......................................................194 Pricing Your Application ............................................................................200 Why to choose the paid model ........................................................200 Why to choose the free model .........................................................201 Getting Screen Shots for Your Application ..............................................201 Uploading Your Application to the Android Market ...............................203 Watching the Installs Soar ..........................................................................207 Table of Contents xvii Part III: Creating a Feature-Rich Application ............. 209 Chapter 9: Designing the Task Reminder Application . . . . . . . . . . . .211 Reviewing the Basic Requirements ...........................................................211 That’s alarming!: Scheduling a reminder script .............................212 Storing data ........................................................................................212 Distracting the user (nicely).............................................................213 Creating the Application’s Screens ...........................................................213 Starting the new project....................................................................214 Creating the task list ..........................................................................214 Creating and editing task activities .................................................216 Creating the adding/editing layout ..................................................217 Creating Your First List Activity ................................................................220 Getting stubby with fake data ..........................................................221 Handling user click events ................................................................222 Identifying Your Intent ................................................................................224 Starting new activities with intents .................................................224 Retrieving values from previous activities .....................................225 Creating a chooser .............................................................................226 Chapter 10: Going a la Carte with Your Menu. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .231 Seeing What Makes a Menu Great .............................................................232 Creating Your First Menu ...........................................................................232 Defi ning the XML fi le..........................................................................232 Handling user actions ........................................................................234 Creating a reminder task...................................................................235 Completing the activity .....................................................................235 Creating a Context Menu ............................................................................236 Creating the menu XML fi le ..............................................................237 Loading the menu ..............................................................................237 Handling user selections ...................................................................238 Chapter 11: Handling User Input . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .241 Creating the User Input Interface ..............................................................241 Creating an EditText widget .............................................................241 Displaying an on-screen keyboard ..................................................243 Getting Choosy with Dates and Times ......................................................244 Creating picker buttons ....................................................................244 Wiring up the date picker .................................................................245 Wiring up the time picker .................................................................250 Creating Your First Alert Dialog Box .........................................................252 Seeing why you should work with dialog boxes ............................253 Choosing the right dialog box for a task .........................................254 Creating your own alert dialog box .................................................255 Validating Input ...........................................................................................257 Toasting the user ...............................................................................258 Using other validation techniques...................................................258 xviii Android Application Development For Dummies Chapter 12: Getting Persistent with Data Storage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .261 Finding Places to Put Data ..........................................................................261 Viewing your storage options ..........................................................262 Choosing a storage option ................................................................263 Asking the User for Permission .................................................................264 Seeing how permissions affect the user experience .....................264 Setting requested permissions in the AndroidManifest.xml fi le .....264 Creating Your Application’s SQLite Database .........................................266 Understanding how the SQLite database will work ......................266 Creating a Java fi le to hold the database code ..............................267 Defi ning the key elements .................................................................267 Visualizing the SQL table ..................................................................269 Creating the database table ..............................................................270 Closing the database .........................................................................271 Creating and Editing Tasks with SQLite ...................................................272 Inserting your fi rst task entry...........................................................272 Returning all the tasks with a cursor ..............................................281 Understanding the SimpleCursorAdapter ......................................283 Deleting a task ....................................................................................284 Updating a task...................................................................................284 Chapter 13: Reminding the User with AlarmManager. . . . . . . . . . . . .291 Seeing Why You Need AlarmManager ......................................................291 Waking Up a Process with AlarmManager ...............................................292 Creating the ReminderManager class .............................................293 Creating the OnAlarmReceiver class ...............................................295 Creating the WakeReminder-IntentService class ...........................296 Creating the ReminderService class ................................................298 Rebooting Devices .......................................................................................299 Creating a boot receiver ...................................................................300 Checking the boot receiver ..............................................................302 Chapter 14: Updating the Android Status Bar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .303 Deconstructing the Status Bar ...................................................................303 Viewing status bar icons ...................................................................303 Using status-bar tools to notify the user ........................................304 Using the Notifi cation Manager .................................................................307 Creating your fi rst notifi cation .........................................................307 Viewing the workfl ow ........................................................................309 Adding string resources ....................................................................310 Updating a Notifi cation ...............................................................................310 Clearing a Notifi cation ................................................................................311 Chapter 15: Working with Android’s Preference Framework . . . . . .313 Understanding Android’s Preference Framework ...................................314 Understanding the PreferenceActivity Class ...........................................314 Persisting preference values ............................................................315 Laying out preferences......................................................................316 Table of Contents xix Creating Your First Preference Screen .....................................................317 Building the preferences fi le.............................................................317 Adding string resources ....................................................................319 Working with the PreferenceActivity Class ..............................................320 Opening the PreferenceActivity class .............................................321 Handling menu selections .................................................................322 Working with Preferences in Your Activities at Run Time .....................323 Retrieving preference values ............................................................323 Setting preference values .................................................................326 Part IV: The Part of Tens ........................................... 329 Chapter 16: Ten Great Free Sample Applications and SDKs (With Code!) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .331 The Offi cial Foursquare App ......................................................................332 LOLCat ..........................................................................................................332 Amazed .........................................................................................................333 APIDemos .....................................................................................................333 MultipleResolutions Example ....................................................................333 Last.fm App Suite .........................................................................................334 Hubroid .........................................................................................................334 Facebook SDK for Android .........................................................................334 Replica Island ...............................................................................................335 Notepad Tutorial .........................................................................................335 Chapter 17: Ten Tools That Make Your Developing Life Easier . . . .337 droid-fu .........................................................................................................337 RoboGuice ....................................................................................................338 DroidDraw ....................................................................................................338 Draw 9-patch ................................................................................................338 Hierarchy Viewer .........................................................................................338 UI/Application Exerciser Monkey ..............................................................339 zipalign ..........................................................................................................339 layoutopt ......................................................................................................339 Git ..................................................................................................................339 Paint.NET and GIMP ....................................................................................340 Index ....................................................................... 341

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